Mfundo ya ntchito ndi udindo wa makandulo mu injini dizilo

Injini za dizilo zimagwira ntchito bwino, osawotcha m'masilinda ndikupereka torque yabwino ndikuchita bwino kwambiri, chifukwa cha mfundo yoyatsira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mafuta amabayidwa mopanikizika mumpweya wotentha kuchokera ku kukanikizana kofulumira ndipo nthawi yomweyo amayaka mu voliyumu yonseyo. Palibe makandulo a spark pano, omwe amawoneka ngati yankho lopanda nzeru motsutsana ndi izi. Koma chimodzi mwa mavuto anali ozizira chiyambi cha injini, pamene kutentha pa mapeto a psinjika safika pakhomo ankafuna.

Chifukwa chiyani pali spark plug mu injini yoyatsira moto

Kuti injini iyambe kutentha pafupi ndi ziro ndi pansi, mukhoza kutenthetsa mpweya mu chipinda choyaka. Kuti tichite izi, mawotchi amagetsi amaikidwa mmenemo ngati mawonekedwe a incandescent filament, otetezedwa ndi chiwombankhanga, chomwe chimatentha mpaka kuwala kofiira. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa mpweya wozizira komanso chilengedwe ngati makoma achitsulo amutu ndi chipika chokhala ndi kutentha kochepa, njira iyi idakhala yothandiza kwambiri. Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito voteji ku makandulo, ndiye galimoto si kung'anima konse, koma ngati inu kutenthetsa iwo kwa masekondi angapo, akuyamba molimba mtima.

Chipangizo ndi malo amapulagi owala

Ngati zonse zikuwonekera bwino ndi cholinga cha pulagi yowala, ndiye kuti kukhazikitsa koyenera kwakumana ndi mavuto angapo, makamaka okhudzana ndi kudalirika.

Zozungulira zotseguka sizinali zabwino pano, komabe kuyaka m'masilinda kumaphulika, kuwononga. Filament iyenera kutetezedwa bwino. Kuti muchite izi, imayikidwa muzitsulo zachitsulo kapena ceramic. Ngati chitsulo chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti chidzakhala chopanda kutentha. Pofuna kupewa akabudula amagetsi, danga lapakati pa kapu ndi ulusi limadzazidwa ndi chinthu chomwe chimateteza kutentha komanso kutentha. Kawirikawiri ndi magnesium oxide.

Makandulo a Ceramic amadziwika ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa ntchito, moyo wautali wautumiki komanso kutentha kwachangu. Koma amawononganso kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina kumadalira mawonekedwe a galimoto, nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje apamwamba kwambiri komanso okwera mtengo kumakhala muyeso wofunikira. Ndi pulagi ya ceramic yokhayo yozikidwa pa silicon nitrite yomwe ingathe kuthana ndi injini ya dizilo yothandiza zachilengedwe, yomwe imatenthetsa nthawi yomweyo ndipo salola kuti injiniyo ipitirire kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa.

Amayesa kuika makandulo pafupi kwambiri ndi malo omwe mafuta a dizilo amabadwira mu silinda. Ngati pali prechamber kapena vortex chipinda, ndiye mwa iwo. Madizilo okhala ndi jakisoni wachindunji amakhala ndi malo oyaka pang'ono a geometrically, silinda yogwira ntchito ya kandulo imayikidwa poganizira chipwirikiti cha mpweya panthawi yoponderezedwa. Thupi la makandulo limakhala ndi mawonekedwe otalikirapo kuti asonkhanitse mosavuta ndikuphwasulidwa bwino. Amaperekedwa ndi ulusi ndi m'mphepete mwa turnkey. Kulumikizana kwamagetsi kumatulutsidwa ndikusungidwa.

Kuwongolera makandulo ndi algorithm yantchito

Kandulo iliyonse imawononga mphamvu yayikulu, pa dongosolo la ma amperes khumi ndi zopatuka mbali zonse ziwiri. Chifukwa chake, kukana kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi ohm imodzi pamagetsi amagetsi a 12 volts. Magalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito 24-volt spark plugs.

Mphamvu yotereyi imafuna kusintha koyenera mu mawonekedwe a relay yolamulira mphamvu. Ichi ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe chimapereka kuphatikizidwa kwa makandulo poyambira, komanso kutseka kwanthawi yake kapena kusamutsira ku njira yochepetsera mphamvu.

Ngakhale atayamba injini ya dizilo, kuthekera kwa ntchito yake yosakhazikika ndi utsi ndi kudzaza kwa kusefera ndi kachitidwe ka neutralization kumakhalabe kwakanthawi. Choncho, kaya kandulo yokha kapena chipangizo chake chowongolera chiyenera, ngakhale ndi malire amakono, koma pitirizani kutenthetsa kusakaniza mpaka galimotoyo ifika kutentha kwina.

Kuchokera pakuwona kuyambika kofulumira ndi kudalirika, njira yowotchera mofulumira mpaka kutentha kwakukulu, kutsatiridwa ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa kanthawi, kungaganizidwe kukhala koyenera. Izi zimachitika zokha ndi zovuta za kandulo ndi khalidwe lopanda mzere komanso gawo lolamulira lamagetsi.

Palinso ntchito zina za makandulo mu injini zamakono kwambiri. Izi ndi chifukwa cha kufunikira kosunga njira zochepetsera kawopsedwe, mwachitsanzo, otembenuza, zosefera za particulate ndi dongosolo la EGR. Kuti muchite izi, malinga ndi pulogalamu ya unit control, makandulo amathanso kuyatsa injini ikatentha, zomwe zimawonjezera kutentha kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Izi zimafulumizitsa kachitidwe ka okosijeni ndikuyeretsa zida zotsata chilengedwe.

Mawonekedwe ndi katundu wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yaukadaulo

Amayesetsa kuti kanduloyo ikhale yodzilamulira momwe angathere, kuti asasokoneze gawo lolamulira, lomwe limakakamizika kugwira ntchito ndi mafunde apamwamba, osataya mphamvu pawokha. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zotenthetsera zomwe zimakhala ndi zodalira zosiyanasiyana pakati pa kutentha ndi kukana kwamagetsi.

Pali njira zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito zomwe mukufuna kuti zisakhale zamtundu wazinthu zowotcha:

• kugwiritsa ntchito koyilo yowonjezera (yowongolera) yokhala ndi kudalira kosiyana kwa kutentha;
• gwiritsani ntchito kuzunguza kumodzi kwa chinthu chokhala ndi kudalira kolimba kwa kukana;
• m'malo mwa filament ndi ndodo ya ceramic conductive yokhala ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri.

Makandulo a ceramic mokwanira amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka madigiri 1400 kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi kwapangitsa kuti zitheke kusamutsa ntchito zambiri ku unit control unit. Tekinoloje zotere zimalimbana mosavuta ndi njira iliyonse yogwiritsira ntchito makandulo, kusintha mphamvu zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa iwo. Zofunikira za makandulo okha zimatha kuchepetsedwa, panthawi imodzimodziyo kuchepetsa kukula kwake, motero mlingo wa matenthedwe amachitira.

Mavuto ndi zovuta

Ngakhale njira zomwe zatengedwa, makandulo samasiyanabe pakukhazikika. Ngakhale moyo wautumiki wa nthawi zina ukhoza kukhala woposa makilomita 100 zikwi. Zifukwa ndi mawonetseredwe a kulephera kungakhale kosiyana.

1. Chosavuta ndicho kutenthedwa kwa chinthu chotenthetsera. Silinda yokhala ndi pulagi yowonongeka imakana kugwira ntchito poyambira, injiniyo "troit" ndi kugwedezeka. Izi ndizosavuta kudziwa ndi multimeter wokhazikika.
2. Kutentha ndodo iyenera kuonjezera kutentha, kuyambira kumapeto. Kenako kuwala kumafalikira ku gawo la ulusi. Ngati sizili choncho, kanduloyo ndi yolakwika kapena poyamba inali yolakwika.
3. Nsonga ya kandulo (pini) imatha kusintha mawonekedwe ake a geometric pakapita nthawi. Makandulo otupa kapena opindika otere ayenera kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi, pomwe amatha kuchotsedwa. Ndizovuta kuzindikira chilema choterocho, kotero kuti kubwezeretsedwako kumalimbikitsidwa pafupipafupi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mapangidwe ndi khalidwe la gawolo. Kawirikawiri ndi zaka ziwiri.
4. Mafuta osakhala bwino amatha kuwononga spark plug. Iwo amasintha mosamalitsa masamu matenthedwe ulamuliro, ndi mbali amalephera. M'njira, injini ili ndi mavuto ena omwe ndi aakulu kwambiri kuposa pulagi yolephera.

Makandulo sakukonzedwanso. Amasinthidwa ndi zatsopano, zomwe zimasinthana, potsatira malamulo ochotsa. Monga lamulo, sikophweka, makandulo amakhala ndi nthawi yomatira pa ulusi ku chitsulo kapena kumangirizidwa mu bukhuli kuchokera pakuwotcha. Osaika pachiwopsezo zovuta kukonza injini, ndikwabwino kutembenukira kwa akatswiri odziwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo.