Kodi dizilo imaundana pa kutentha kotani?
Zamkatimu
Kodi phula ndi chiyani, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani galimoto ya dizilo ndiyoipa?
Sera za dizilo, zomwe nthawi zonse zimapezeka mumafuta a dizilo, ndi ma hydrocarbon ataliatali omwe amakonda kunyezimira pakatentha kwambiri. Mapulateleti a crystalline awa amatsekereza zosefera mu unyolo weniweni wa "sera". The kuphatikiza unyolo wautali ma hydrocarbons amawonjezera kukhuthala kwa mafuta a dizilo, zomwe ndizoyipa kwa injini ndi mpope wamafuta. Kukhalapo kwa madzi okwanira okwanira kumayambitsa vuto lina - mapangidwe a ayezi makhiristo. Izi zimachitika pozizira kwambiri mafuta a dizilo. Vuto ndiloti: a) madzi sasungunuka mu ma hydrocarboni aliwonse amadzimadzi; b) makhiristo awa pa kutentha kwina ali kale chinthu cholimba, mosiyana ndi parafini, yomwe idakali madzi.
Pazochitika zonsezi, mafuta a dizilo amayamba kuyendanso pokhapokha atatenthedwa pamwamba pa kutentha kwa crystallization.
Vuto, monga zikuwonekera, lingathe kuthetsedwa powonjezerapo ndalama zina (kuyambira 7 mpaka 10%) za biodiesel ku mafuta a dizilo. Komabe, choyamba, mafuta a biodiesel ndi okwera mtengo, ndipo kachiwiri, izi nthawi zina zimakhala chinthu chakuda chomwe chimayambitsa thovu lamafuta a dizilo omwe alibe zowonjezera.
Mosiyana ndi paraffins (pamene makhiristo ophatikizana mamolekyu kupasuka ndi kutentha okwera), chisakanizo cha mafuta dizilo ndi biodiesel kumakhala mitambo ndipo safulumira kubwerera mu ochiritsira mafuta.
Kuyimitsidwa kwa Turbid, komwe kumachitika panthawi yopangira phula, kumatseka zosefera, zomwe zimadzaza kwambiri ntchito ya mpope wamafuta. Zotsatira zake, mipata yoyenda imatayika ndipo mikangano yowuma imayamba. Popeza kutentha ndi mavuto ndi mkulu, ndi exfoliated zitsulo particles m'malo mofulumira kusanduka zitsulo ufa, amene poyamba coagulates ndiyeno siters. Ndipo mpope watha.
Kuonetsetsa kuti izi sizichitika, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zowonjezera ku biodiesel zosakaniza. Kuonjezera apo, pasakhale madzi mu mafuta a dizilo, omwe amalepheretsanso zosefera.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa "dizilo yozizira" ndi "dizilo yozizira"?
Pali. Choyamba, mafuta a dizilo amasakanizidwa ndi palafini, kachiwiri, antigel amawonjezedwa ku mafuta wamba a dizilo. Malo ambiri opangira mafuta a gasi amapereka dizilo m’nyengo yozizira m’malo mwa dizilo ya m’nyengo yozizira chifukwa ndiyotsika mtengo. Ena ndi anzeru ndipo amapereka mitundu yonse iwiri kuti alole ogula azisankha okha. Kwa magalimoto atsopano, mafuta a dizilo m'nyengo yozizira omwe ali ndi zowonjezera zoyenera amawakonda.
Nanga bwanji biodiesel? Kukhalapo kwake kumafuna kusintha kwa teknoloji yopangira mafuta, popeza mfundo za gelation zimasiyana. Chifukwa chake, biodiesel idzachita mosiyana ndi zigawo zamafuta. Biodiesel, monga dizilo, gels mu nyengo yozizira, koma kwenikweni gel osakaniza kutentha zimadalira zimene biodiesel anapangidwa. Mafuta a dizilo amasandulika gel pa kutentha komweko komwe kumayambira kupaka mafuta kapena mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta.
Kuzizira kwa chilimwe mafuta a dizilo
Ndikovuta kuwerengera molondola izi chifukwa mitundu yambiri imabwera. Komabe, kutentha kwakukulu kumadziwika:
- Malo amtambo ndi pamene sera ya parafini ikuyamba kugwa kuchokera mumafuta.
- Malo otsanulira pomwe dizilo amakhala ndi gel ochulukirapo kotero kuti samayendanso. Mfundoyi nthawi zambiri imakhala pansi pamtambo wamafuta.
Pamafuta a dizilo achilimwe, kutentha koyamba kumafanana ndi mitundu -4 ... -6ºC, ndi wachiwiri -10 ... -12ºC (kutengera kutentha kwakunja kwa mpweya). Momwemonso, kutentha kumeneku kumatsimikiziridwa m'ma laboratories, kumene maonekedwe ena a thupi ndi makina a mafuta amaganiziridwanso.
