kuwonongeka kwa gawo la sensor

kulephera kwa sensa ya gawo, yomwe imatchedwanso camshaft position sensor, imapangitsa injini yoyatsira mkati kuti iyambe kugwira ntchito pawiri-parallel fuel supply mode. Ndiye kuti, mphuno iliyonse imayaka kawiri kawiri. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwamafuta kumachitika, kawopsedwe ka mpweya wotulutsa mpweya ukuwonjezeka, ndipo mavuto odzizindikiritsa okha amawonekera. Kuwonongeka kwa sensa sikumayambitsa mavuto aakulu, koma ngati kulephera, kusinthidwa sikuchedwa.

Kodi sensa ya gawo ndi chiyani?

kuti athane ndi zovuta zomwe zingatheke za sensa ya gawo, ndikofunika kufotokozera mwachidule funso la zomwe zili, komanso mfundo ya chipangizo chake.

Chifukwa chake, ntchito yayikulu ya sensa ya gawo (kapena DF mwachidule) ndikuzindikira malo omwe amagawira gasi panthawi inayake. Izinso ndizofunikira kuti ICE electronic control unit (ECU) ipereke lamulo la jakisoni wamafuta panthawi inayake. ndicho, sensa gawo limatsimikizira malo a silinda yoyamba. kuyatsa ndi synchronized. Sensor ya gawo imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi crankshaft position sensor.

Masensa a Phase amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamainjini oyatsira mkati okhala ndi jakisoni wogawika. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa injini zoyaka moto zamkati, pomwe njira yosinthira valavu imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pankhaniyi, masensa osiyana nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma camshafts omwe amawongolera ma valve olowa ndi otulutsa.

Kugwira ntchito kwa masensa amasiku ano kumatengera kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika zakuthupi zomwe zimadziwika kuti Hall effect. Zimakhala kuti mu mbale ya semiconductor, yomwe mphamvu yamagetsi imayenda, ikasunthidwa mu magnetic field, kusiyana komwe kungatheke (voltage) kumawoneka. Maginito okhazikika amayikidwa mu nyumba ya sensor. Pochita izi, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbale yamakona anayi azinthu za semiconductor, mbali zinayi zomwe zolumikizira zimalumikizidwa - zolowera ziwiri ndi zotulutsa ziwiri. Voltage imagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba, ndipo chizindikiro chimachotsedwa chachiwiri. Zonsezi zimachitika pazifukwa za malamulo omwe amachokera ku unit control unit pa nthawi inayake.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya masensa gawo - kagawo ndi mapeto. Iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, koma ntchito pa mfundo yomweyo. Choncho, pamwamba pa camshaft pali cholembera (dzina lina ndilo benchmark), ndipo pozungulira, maginito omwe amaphatikizidwa mu kapangidwe ka sensa amalemba ndime yake. Dongosolo (chosinthira chachiwiri) chimamangidwa mu nyumba ya sensa, yomwe imatembenuza chizindikiro cholandilidwa kukhala chidziwitso "chomveka" pagawo lowongolera zamagetsi. Masensa omaliza amakhala ndi mapangidwe otere akakhala ndi maginito osatha kumapeto kwawo, omwe "amawona" ndikudutsa kwa benchmark pafupi ndi sensor. Mu masensa a slot, kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a chilembo "P" kumatanthawuza. Ndipo benchmark yofananira pa disk yogawa imadutsa pakati pa ndege ziwiri za nkhani ya slotted gawo position sensor.

Mu jakisoni wamafuta a ICE, master disk ndi sensa ya gawo zimakonzedwa kuti kugunda kwa sensa kumapangidwe ndikutumizidwa ku kompyuta pomwe silinda yoyamba imadutsa pakati pakufa kwake. izi zimatsimikizira kulumikizana kwamafuta ndi mphindi yoperekera moto kuti uyatse kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya. Mwachiwonekere, sensa ya gawo ili ndi mphamvu yodziwika bwino pakugwira ntchito kwa injini yoyaka mkati yonse.

Zizindikiro za kulephera kwa sensa ya gawo

Ndi kulephera kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa sensa ya gawo, gawo loyang'anira zamagetsi limasintha mokakamiza injini yoyatsira mkati kukhala njira yojambulira mafuta a paraphase. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi ya jakisoni wamafuta imatengera kuwerengera kwa sensor ya crankshaft. Zotsatira zake, jekeseni aliyense wamafuta amabaya mafuta kawiri kawiri kawiri. izi zimatsimikizira kuti kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya kumapangidwa mu silinda iliyonse. Komabe, sichimapangidwa panthawi yabwino kwambiri, yomwe imayambitsa kutsika kwa mphamvu ya injini yoyaka mkati, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo (ngakhale yaying'ono, ngakhale izi zimadalira mtundu wa injini yoyaka moto. ).

Zizindikiro za kulephera kwa gawo la sensor ndi:

• kuchuluka kwamafuta amafuta;
• kuopsa kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kumawonjezeka, kumamveka mufungo la mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, makamaka ngati chothandizira chikugwedezeka;
• Injini yoyatsira mkati imayamba kugwira ntchito mosakhazikika, mowonekera kwambiri pama liwiro otsika (osagwira ntchito);
• mphamvu ya mathamangitsidwe wa galimoto amachepetsa, komanso mphamvu ya injini kuyaka mkati;
• chenjezo la Check Engine limayatsidwa pa dashboard, ndipo mukasanthula zolakwika, manambala awo adzalumikizidwa ndi sensor ya gawo, mwachitsanzo, cholakwika p0340;
• pa mphindi yoyambira injini yoyaka mkati mwa 3 ... 4 masekondi, choyambira chimatembenuza injini yoyaka mkati "yopanda pake", kenako injiniyo imayamba (izi ndichifukwa choti masekondi oyambilira amagetsi amagetsi amathandizira. osalandira chidziwitso chilichonse kuchokera ku sensa, pambuyo pake imasinthiratu kumayendedwe adzidzidzi, kutengera data kuchokera ku sensa ya crankshaft).

Kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi, nthawi zambiri pamene gawo la sensa likulephera, pamakhala mavuto ndi dongosolo lodzidzimutsa la galimoto. ndicho, pa mphindi yoyambira, dalaivala amakakamizika kutembenuza choyambira kwautali pang'ono kuposa nthawi zonse (nthawi zambiri 6 ... 10 masekondi, malingana ndi chitsanzo cha galimoto ndi injini yoyaka mkati yomwe imayikidwapo). Ndipo panthawiyi, kudzidziwitsa nokha kwa chipangizo chowongolera pakompyuta kumachitika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolakwika zoyenera komanso kusamutsidwa kwa injini yoyaka mkati ku ntchito yadzidzidzi.

kulephera kwa sensa ya gawo pagalimoto yokhala ndi LPG

Zikudziwika kuti pamene injini yoyaka mkati ikugwira ntchito pa petulo kapena dizilo, zizindikiro zosasangalatsa zomwe tafotokozazi sizili zovuta kwambiri, choncho nthawi zambiri madalaivala ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito magalimoto omwe ali ndi sensor yolakwika kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, ngati galimoto yanu ili ndi zida zamtundu wachinayi komanso zapamwamba za gasi (zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ake "anzeru"), ndiye kuti injini yoyaka yamkati idzagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, ndipo chitonthozo choyendetsa galimoto chidzatsika kwambiri.

ndiko kuti, kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka kwambiri, kusakaniza kwa mpweya wa mafuta kungakhale kotsamira kapena, mosiyana, kupindula, mphamvu ndi mphamvu za injini yoyaka mkati zidzachepa kwambiri. Zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa ntchito ya pulogalamu yamagetsi yamagetsi ya injini yoyaka mkati ndi gawo lolamulira la HBO. Chifukwa chake, mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida za baluni ya gasi, sensor ya gawo iyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo kulephera kwake kuzindikirika. Kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto ndi wolumala camshaft udindo sensa ndi zoipa mu nkhani iyi osati kwa injini kuyaka mkati, komanso zipangizo mpweya ndi dongosolo ulamuliro wake.

Zifukwa zakusokonekera

Chifukwa chachikulu cha kulephera kwa sensa ya gawo ndi kuvala kwake kwachilengedwe, komwe kumachitika pakapita nthawi gawo lililonse. ndicho, chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu kwa injini yoyaka mkati ndi kugwedezeka kosalekeza m'nyumba ya sensa, zolumikizira zake zimawonongeka, maginito okhazikika amatha kuchotsedwa, ndipo nyumbayo imawonongeka.

Chifukwa china chachikulu ndi vuto la waya wa sensa. ndiko kuti, mawaya operekera / chizindikiro amatha kusweka, chifukwa chomwe sensor ya gawo silinaperekedwe ndi voliyumu yoperekera, kapena chizindikirocho sichimachokera ku waya wamakina. n'zothekanso kuswa kumangirira makina pa "chip" (chotchedwa "khutu"). Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, fuseji imatha kulephera, yomwe ili ndi udindo, mwa zina, kupatsa mphamvu sensa ya gawo (pagalimoto iliyonse, zimatengera dera lonse lamagetsi lagalimoto).

Momwe mungayang'anire gawo la sensor

Kuyang'ana ntchito ya injini yoyaka moto gawo sensa ikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito chida chodziwira, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma multimeter apakompyuta omwe amatha kugwira ntchito mumayendedwe amagetsi a DC. Tikambirana chitsanzo cha chitsimikizo kwa gawo masensa a galimoto Vaz-2114. Model 16 imayikidwa pamitundu yokhala ndi 21120370604000-valve ICE, ndipo mtundu wa 8-21110 umayikidwa pa 3706040-valve ICE.

Choyamba, pamaso diagnostics, masensa ayenera dismantled pampando wawo. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuyang'ana zowona za nyumba za DF, komanso kulumikizana kwake ndi chipika chomaliza. Ngati pali dothi ndi / kapena zinyalala pazolumikizana, muyenera kuzichotsa ndi mowa kapena mafuta.

Kuti muwone sensor ya 8-valve motor 21110-3706040, iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi batri ndi ma multimeter apakompyuta malinga ndi chithunzi chomwe chili pachithunzichi.

ndiye algorithm yotsimikizira idzakhala motere:

• Khazikitsani voteji kuti +13,5 ± 0,5 Volts (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito batire wamba yamagalimoto kuti mupange mphamvu).
• Pankhaniyi, voteji pakati pa chizindikiro waya ndi "pansi" ayenera kukhala osachepera 90% ya voteji kotunga (ndiko 0,9 V). Ngati ili yotsika, komanso yofanana kwambiri kapena pafupi ndi zero, ndiye kuti sensor ndiyolakwika.
• Bweretsani mbale yachitsulo kumapeto kwa sensa (yomwe imawatsogolera kumalo owonetsera camshaft).
• Ngati sensa ikugwira ntchito, ndiye kuti voteji pakati pa waya wa chizindikiro ndi "nthaka" sayenera kupitirira 0,4 volts. Ngati zambiri, ndiye kuti sensor ndiyolakwika.
• Chotsani mbale yachitsulo kumapeto kwa sensa, voteji pa waya wa chizindikiro ayenera kubwereranso ku 90% yamagetsi oyambirira.

Kuwona gawo sensa ya 16-vavu injini kuyaka mkati mkati 21120370604000, iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi magetsi ndi multimeter malinga ndi chithunzi chomwe chikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi chachiwiri.

Kuti muyese sensa yoyenera ya gawo, mudzafunika chitsulo chokhala ndi masentimita 20 m'lifupi, osachepera 80 mm kutalika ndi 0,5 mm wandiweyani. Ma algorithm otsimikizira adzakhala ofanana, komabe, ndi ma voltage ena:

• Khazikitsani mphamvu zamagetsi pa sensa yofanana ndi +13,5± 0,5 Volts.
• Pankhaniyi, ngati sensa ikugwira ntchito, ndiye kuti voteji pakati pa waya wa chizindikiro ndi "nthaka" sayenera kupitirira 0,4 volts.
• Ikani gawo lachitsulo lokonzekera kale mu kachipangizo kachipangizo komwe kutchulidwa kwa camshaft kumayikidwa.
• Ngati sensa ili bwino, ndiye kuti voteji pa waya wa chizindikiro ayenera kukhala osachepera 90% ya magetsi operekera.
• Chotsani mbale kuchokera ku sensa, pamene magetsi ayenera kutsikanso ku mtengo wosaposa 0,4 volts.

M'malo mwake, macheke oterewa amatha kuchitidwa popanda kugwetsa sensa kuchokera pampando wake. Komabe, kuti muyang'ane, ndi bwino kuchotsa. Nthawi zambiri, poyang'ana sensa, ndi bwino kuyang'ana kukhulupirika kwa mawaya, komanso khalidwe la ojambula. Mwachitsanzo, pali nthawi zina pamene chip sichigwira mwamphamvu kukhudzana, chifukwa chake chizindikiro chochokera ku sensa sichimapita kumagetsi olamulira. Komanso, ngati n'kotheka, ndikofunika "kutulutsa" mawaya omwe amachokera ku sensa kupita ku kompyuta ndi kupita ku relay (waya wamagetsi).

Kuphatikiza pa kuyang'ana ndi multimeter, muyenera kuyang'ana zolakwika zoyenera za sensa pogwiritsa ntchito chida chowunikira. Ngati zolakwa zotere zadziwika kwa nthawi yoyamba, mutha kuyesanso kuzisintha pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamapulogalamu, kapena kungodula mabatire olakwika kwa masekondi angapo. Ngati cholakwikacho chikuwonekeranso, kuwunika kowonjezera kumafunika molingana ndi ma aligorivimu pamwambapa.

Zolakwika zodziwika bwino za sensa gawo:

• P0340 - palibe chizindikiro cha camshaft position;
• P0341 - nthawi ya valve sikugwirizana ndi kupsinjika / kudya kwa gulu la silinda-pistoni;
• P0342 - mu dera lamagetsi la DPRV, mlingo wa chizindikiro ndi wotsika kwambiri (wokhazikika ukafupikitsidwa pansi);
• P0343 - mlingo wa chizindikiro kuchokera pa mita umaposa momwe zimakhalira (nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pamene waya wathyoka);
• P0339 - Chizindikiro chapakatikati chikubwera kuchokera ku sensa.

kotero, pamene zolakwa izi wapezeka, ndi zofunika kuchita diagnostics zina posachedwapa kuti kuyaka injini mkati ukugwira ntchito mulingo woyenera kwambiri opaleshoni mode.