Kuyimitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi chikoka chachindunji komanso chotsimikizika pachitetezo choyendetsa galimoto ndikuyimitsa galimoto. Ntchito yake ndi kusamutsa mphamvu zomwe zimatuluka panthawi ya kayendetsedwe ka galimoto, makamaka pamene akugonjetsa matembenuzidwe a msewu, mabampu ndi mabuleki. Kuyimitsidwa kumafunikanso kuchepetsa mabampu aliwonse osafunikira omwe angasokoneze chitonthozo cha kukwera.

pendant chiyani?

M'magalimoto amakono okwera, mitundu iwiri ya kuyimitsidwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Pa nkhwangwa yakutsogolo ndi yodziyimira payokha, kumbuyo chitsulo - kutengera mtundu wa galimoto - ndi palokha kapena otchedwa. odalira theka, i.e. kutengera mtengo wa torsion, ndipo wodalira kwathunthu sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Mtundu wakale kwambiri wa kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha kutsogolo ndi dongosolo la zilakolako ziwiri zodutsana zomwe zimakhala ngati kuyimitsidwa konyamula katundu. Kenako, gawo la zinthu za masika limapangidwa ndi akasupe a coil. Pafupi nawo, kuyimitsidwa kumagwiritsanso ntchito chotsitsa chododometsa. Kuyimitsidwa kwamtunduwu sikunagwiritsidwe ntchito kawirikawiri masiku ano, ngakhale Honda, mwachitsanzo, amagwiritsabe ntchito ngakhale m'mapangidwe ake atsopano.

McPherson amalamulira, koma ...

Coil spring shock absorber, mwachitsanzo, McPherson strut wotchuka, ndiye njira yokhayo yoyimitsira kutsogolo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamagalimoto otsika. McPherson struts amalumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi chingwe chowongolera, ndipo chomalizacho chimalumikizidwa ndi mkono wa rocker, womwe umatchedwa mpira. Pamapeto pake, mtundu wa "A" pendulum umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, womwe umagwira ntchito ndi stabilizer (zochepa kwambiri ndi pendulum imodzi yokhala ndi chotchedwa torque rod). Ubwino wa McPherson strut-based system ndi kuphatikiza kwa ntchito zitatu mu seti imodzi: kugwedezeka, chonyamulira ndi chiwongolero. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyimitsidwa kwamtunduwu kumatenga malo ochepa kwambiri, omwe amakulolani kuyimitsa injini mozungulira. Ubwino wina ndi kulemera kochepa komanso kulephera kochepa kwambiri. Komabe, kamangidwe kameneka kalinso ndi kuipa kwake. Zina mwazofunikira kwambiri ndikuyenda kochepa komanso kusowa kwa perpendicularity ya mawilo pansi.

Zinayi zilizonse ndizabwino kuposa m'modzi

Kuchulukirachulukira, m'malo mwa mkono umodzi wa rocker, chotchedwa multi-link kuyimitsidwa chinagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amasiyana ndi yankho lochokera ku McPherson strut ndi kulekanitsidwa kwa ntchito zobereka ndi zochititsa mantha. Yoyamba mwa izi imachitidwa ndi dongosolo lazitsulo zopingasa (nthawi zambiri zinayi kumbali iliyonse), ndipo akasupe a coil ndi chotsitsa chododometsa ndi omwe amachititsa kuyimitsidwa kolondola. Multi-link kuyimitsidwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto apamwamba kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, opanga awo akuwonjezera kuwayika pama axles akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Ubwino waukulu wa yankho ili ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chitonthozo choyendetsa galimoto, ngakhale pamene mukukambirana zokhotakhota zolimba pamsewu. Ndipo zonsezi chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwa kusowa kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa McPherson struts zomwe zatchulidwa mu kufotokozera, i.е. kusowa perpendicularity mawilo pansi mu lonse ntchito osiyanasiyana.

Kapena mafotokozedwe owonjezera?

Mu zitsanzo zina zamagalimoto, mungapeze zosintha zosiyanasiyana za kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo. Ndipo apa, mwachitsanzo, mu Nissan Primera kapena Peugeot 407 tidzapeza mafotokozedwe owonjezera. Ntchito yake ndikutenga ziwongolero kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba wa absorber. Okonza Alfa Romeo adagwiritsa ntchito njira ina. Chinthu chowonjezera apa ndi chokhumba chapamwamba, chomwe chapangidwa kuti chiwongolere kayendetsedwe ka magudumu ndi kuchepetsa zotsatira za mphamvu zotsatizana ndi zowonongeka.

Miyendo ngati mizati

Monga McPherson kutsogolo, kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kumayendetsedwa ndi mtengo wa torsion, womwe umatchedwanso kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha. Dzina lake limachokera ku chiyambi cha zochitikazo: zimalola mawilo akumbuyo kuti azisuntha wina ndi mzake, ndithudi, pokhapokha pamlingo wina. Udindo wa chinthu chododometsa komanso chonyowa mu njira iyi imaseweredwa ndi chotsitsa chododometsa ndi kasupe wa koyilo woyikidwapo, i.e. zofanana ndi MacPherson strut. Komabe, mosiyana ndi zotsirizirazi, ntchito zina ziwiri sizimachitidwa apa, i.e. kusintha ndi chonyamulira.

Wodalira kapena Wodziimira

Mumitundu ina yamagalimoto, kuphatikiza. ma SUV akale, kuyimitsidwa kodalira kumbuyo kumayikidwabe. Itha kukhazikitsidwa ngati chitsulo cholimba chomwe chimayimitsidwa pa akasupe amasamba kapena kuwasintha ndi akasupe a koyilo okhala ndi mipiringidzo yayitali (nthawi zina komanso otchedwa ma panhards). Komabe, mitundu yonse yomwe tatchulayi ya kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo ikulowa m'malo mwa machitidwe odziyimira pawokha. Kutengera wopanga, izi zikuphatikiza, pakati pa ena, mtengo wophatikizika wokhala ndi mipiringidzo (makamaka pamagalimoto aku France), komanso ma swingarm pamitundu ina ya BMW ndi Mercedes.