Chifukwa chiyani ma plugs akuda

Maonekedwe mwaye wakuda pa spark plugs akhoza kuuza mwini galimotoyo za mavuto amene ali m’galimoto yake. Zifukwa za izi zitha kukhala mafuta osafunikira bwino, zovuta zoyatsira moto, kusagwirizana kwamafuta amafuta a mpweya, kapena carburetor yosinthidwa molakwika, ndi zina zotero. Mavuto onsewa amatha kupezeka mosavuta pongoyang'ana mapulagi akuda.

Zomwe zimayambitsa mwaye

Musanayankhe funso la chifukwa chake makandulo ali akuda, muyenera kusankha zidakhala bwanji zakuda?. Kupatula apo, zimatengera komwe mungafufuze. ndicho, makandulo akhoza kuda onse pamodzi, kapena mwina mmodzi kapena awiri okha akonzedwa. komanso, kandulo akhoza kutembenukira wakuda kokha mbali imodzi, kapena mwina m'mimba mwake lonse. komanso kusiyanitsa zomwe zimatchedwa "yonyowa" ndi "youma" mwaye.

Dziwani kuti kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa mwaye mwachindunji kumadalira zovuta zomwe zilipo (ngati zilipo):

• Nagar pa makandulo atsopano amayamba kupanga osachepera 200-300 km akuthamanga. Komanso, ndi zofunika kuyendetsa mumsewu waukulu ndi pafupifupi liwiro lomwelo ndi katundu pa injini kuyaka mkati. Chifukwa chake makandulo azigwira ntchito mwanjira yabwino kwambiri, ndipo zitha kuwunika bwino momwe mayunitsi agalimoto alili.
• Kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa mwaye zimatengera mtundu wamafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, yesani kupatsanso mafuta pamagalasi otsimikizika, osayendetsa mafuta kapena zosakaniza zofananira. Apo ayi, zidzakhala zovuta kukhazikitsa chifukwa chenicheni cha maonekedwe a mwaye (ngati alipo).
• Mu injini yoyaka mkati mwa carburetor, liwiro lopanda ntchito liyenera kukhazikitsidwa moyenera.

Tsopano tiyeni tipitirire ku funso la chifukwa chomwe mwaye wakuda umawonekera pa spark plugs. Mwina 11 zifukwa zazikulu:

1. Ngati muwona mdima kumbali imodzi yokha, ndiye kuti izi zimayamba chifukwa cha kutentha kwa valve. Ndiko kuti, mwaye pa kandulo amagwa kuchokera pansi mpaka mbali electrode (osati chapakati).
2. Chifukwa cha makandulo wakuda kungakhale valavu kuwotcha. Mkhalidwewo ndi wofanana ndi wam’mbuyomo. Madipoziti a carbon akhoza kulowa pansi electrode.
3. nambala yowala yosankhidwa molakwika ya kandulo imayambitsa osati kuwonongeka kwake pakuwonjezera ntchito, komanso kudetsa kosagwirizana koyamba. Ngati chiwerengero chotchulidwacho ndi chaching'ono, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe a soot cone adzasintha. Ngati ndi yayikulu, ndiye kuti pamwamba pa chulucho ndi chakuda, ndipo thupi lidzakhala loyera.
   Nambala yowala ndi mtengo womwe umasonyeza nthawi yomwe kandulo imatenga kuti ifike poyaka. Ndi nambala yayikulu yowala, imawotcha pang'ono, motsatana, kandulo imakhala yozizira, ndipo ndi nambala yaying'ono, imatentha. Ikani ma spark plugs okhala ndi mphamvu yowala yomwe wopanga amafotokozera mu injini yoyatsira mkati.
4. Chophimba chakuda chakuda pamakandulo chimasonyeza kuyatsa mochedwa.
5. Makandulo akuda pa jekeseni kapena carburetor angawonekere chifukwa chakuti kusakaniza kwa mpweya wa mpweya wopangidwa ndi iwo kumapindula kwambiri. Koma choyamba, pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa ntchito yolakwika ya misa air flow sensa (DMRV), yomwe imapereka chidziwitso ku kompyuta pakupanga kusakaniza. ndizothekanso kuti ma injectors amafuta atayikira. Chifukwa cha ichi, mafuta amalowa m'masilinda ngakhale pamene nozzle yatsekedwa. Ponena za carburetor, zifukwa zitha kukhala zifukwa zotsatirazi - kusinthidwa molakwika mulingo wamafuta mu carburetor, kupsinjika kwa valavu yotseka singano, pampu yamafuta imapangitsa kupanikizika kwambiri (woyendetsa galimoto amatuluka mwamphamvu), kukhumudwa kwa zoyandama kapena zake. kuseri kwa makoma a chipindacho.

   "Dry" mwaye pa kandulo

6. Kuvala kwakukulu kapena kupsinjika kwa valavu ya mpira wamagetsi amagetsi pa carburetor ICEs. Ndiko kuti, mafuta ochulukirapo amalowa mu injini yoyaka mkati osati mphamvu zokha, komanso mumayendedwe abwinobwino.
7. Sefa yotsekeka ya mpweya ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha pulagi yakuda ya spark. Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana momwe zilili ndikusintha ngati kuli kofunikira. yang'ananinso chowongolera mpweya.
8. Mavuto ndi dongosolo poyatsira - ndi molakwika anaika poyatsira ngodya, kuphwanya kutchinjiriza mawaya mkulu-voteji, kuphwanya umphumphu wa chivundikiro kapena distributor slider, kuwonongeka pa ntchito ya coil poyatsira, mavuto ndi makandulo okha. Zifukwa zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatha kuyambitsa kusokoneza kwa kuwomba, kapena kufooka kofooka. Pachifukwa ichi, si mafuta onse omwe amawotcha, ndipo kuwala kwakuda kumapanga makandulo.
9. Mavuto ndi makina a valve a injini yoyaka mkati. ndicho, kungakhale kupsa mtima kwa mavavu, kapena mipata awo sanali kusinthidwa matenthedwe. Chotsatira cha izi ndikuyaka kosakwanira kwa kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya ndi kupanga mwaye pamakandulo.
10. M'magalimoto a jakisoni, ndizotheka kuti chowongolera mafuta sichikuyenda bwino, ndipo panjanji yamafuta pamakhala kuthamanga kwambiri.
11. Kuponderezana kochepa mu silinda yogwirizana ndi pulagi yakuda ya spark. Momwe mungayang'anire kupsinjika komwe mungawerenge munkhani ina.

Nthawi zambiri, kuyatsa kochedwa kukakhala ndikuyenda pamafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya, zotsatirazi zimawonekera:

• zolakwika (zolakwika P0300 zimawonekera pa jakisoni ICEs);
• mavuto ndi kuyambitsa injini kuyaka mkati;
• kusakhazikika kwa injini yoyaka mkati, makamaka pakuchita, ndipo chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kugwedezeka.

Kupitilira apo, tikuwuzani momwe mungachotsere zosweka zomwe zalembedwa komanso momwe mungayeretsere ma spark plugs.

Zoyenera kuchita pakakhala mwaye

Choyamba, muyenera kukumbukira kuti kuwonongeka kwa mafuta ndi kutentha kwambiri, komwe kumabweretsa mwaye pamapulagi a spark, zowononga kwambiri poyatsira. Kutentha kwambiri kumakhala koopsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake pali kuthekera kwa kulephera kwa maelekitirodi pa makandulo popanda kuthekera kwa kuchira kwawo.

Ngati kandulo imodzi yokha yakuda idawonekera pagalimoto yanu, mutha kuzindikira kuwonongeka mwa kungosinthana makandulo. Ngati pambuyo pake kandulo yatsopano imakhalanso yakuda, ndipo yakaleyo imamveka bwino, zikutanthauza kuti nkhaniyi siili mu makandulo, koma mu silinda. Ndipo ngati palibe chomwe chasintha, ndiye kuti pali mafunso okhudza ntchito ya kandulo yokha.

Zopangira mafuta

Nthawi zina, makandulo amatha kukhala onyowa komanso akuda. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha izi ndi kulowetsa mafuta mu chipinda choyaka moto. Zizindikiro zowonjezera za kusweka uku ndi izi:

Mafuta pa kandulo

• kuyamba kovuta kwa injini yoyaka mkati;
• zosiyidwa mu ntchito yolingana yamphamvu;
• ICE kugwedezeka pa ntchito;
• utsi wa buluu kuchokera ku utsi.

Mafuta amatha kulowa m'chipinda choyaka m'njira ziwiri - kuchokera pansi kapena pamwamba. Poyamba, imalowa mu mphete za pistoni. Ndipo ichi ndi chizindikiro choipa kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi zambiri chimawopseza kusintha injini. Nthawi zina, mungathe kuchita ndi decoking wa galimoto. Ngati mafuta alowa m'chipinda choyatsira pamwamba, ndiye kuti amachoka pamutu wa silinda motsatira malangizo a valve. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi kuvala kwa zisindikizo za tsinde la valve. Kuti muchotse kusweka uku, mumangofunika kusankha zipewa zatsopano, zapamwamba ndikuzisintha.

Nagar pa insulator

Mwaye wofiira pa kandulo

Nthawi zina, ma depositi a kaboni omwe amapangidwa mwachilengedwe mchipinda choyatsira amatha kuchoka pa pistoni pa liwiro lalikulu la injini ndikumamatira ku insulator ya spark plug. Zotsatira za izi zidzakhala mipata pa ntchito ya silinda yofananira. Pankhaniyi, injini kuyaka mkati "kuthamanga". Izi ndizovuta kwambiri, chifukwa chake ma spark plugs amasanduka akuda. Mutha kuzichotsa pongoyeretsa pamwamba pake kapena kuziyika zatsopano.

Ngati injini yanu yoyaka moto ili nayo makandulo akuda ndi ofiira, ndiye izi zikutanthauza kuti mukutsanulira mafuta ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera ndi zitsulo. Sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa m'kupita kwa nthawi, ma depositi achitsulo amapanga zokutira pamwamba pa insulator ya makandulo. Kuwombera kudzawonongeka ndipo kandulo idzalephera posachedwapa.

Kuyeretsa ma spark plugs

Kuyeretsa ma spark plugs

Makandulo ayenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse, komanso kuyang'ana momwe alili. Ndikoyenera kuchita izi pambuyo pa 8 ... 10 makilomita zikwi. Ndikosavuta kuchita izi panthawi yosintha mafuta mu injini yoyaka moto. Komabe, ndi kuyamba kwa zizindikiro zomwe tafotokozazi, zikhoza kuchitika kale.

Ndikoyenera kutchula nthawi yomweyo kuti njira yakale yogwiritsira ntchito sandpaper kuyeretsa ma electrode iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito osavomerezeka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwanjira iyi pali chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa wosanjikiza woteteza pa iwo. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa makandulo a iridium. Ali ndi electrode yapakati yopyapyala yokutidwa ndi iridium, chitsulo chamtengo wapatali komanso chosowa.

Kuti muyeretse ma spark plugs mudzafunika:

• chotsukira pochotsa zolengeza ndi dzimbiri;
• makapu apulasitiki otayidwa (akatha kuyeretsa, ayenera kutayidwa, sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya mtsogolo);
• burashi yopyapyala yokhala ndi mulu wolimba kapena burashi;
• nsanza.

Njira yoyeretsera imachitika molingana ndi algorithm iyi:

Kuyeretsa ndondomeko

1. Wothandizira kuyeretsa amatsanuliridwa mu galasi lokonzekera pasadakhale kuti athe kumiza ma electrode a makandulo (popanda insulator) mmenemo.
2. Imirirani makandulo mu galasi ndikusiya kwa 30 ... Mphindi 40 (pamenepo, kuyeretsa mankhwala kumawonekera, komwe kungawonedwe ndi maso).
3. Pambuyo pa nthawi yodziwika, makandulo amachotsedwa pagalasi, ndipo ndi burashi kapena mswachi, zolembera zimachotsedwa pamwamba pa kandulo, makamaka kumvetsera ma electrode.
4. Muzimutsuka makandulo mu madzi ofunda ofunda, kuchotsa mankhwala zikuchokera ndi dothi pamwamba pawo.
5. Mukatsuka, pukutani makandulo owuma ndi chiguduli chokonzekera pasadakhale.
6. Gawo lomaliza ndikuwumitsa makandulo pa radiator, mu uvuni (pa kutentha kochepa kwa +60 ... + 70 ° C) kapena ndi chowumitsira tsitsi kapena chowotchera (chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti madzi otsalira mwa iwo amauma kwathunthu).

Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa mosamala, kuyeretsa ndi kuchotsa zinyalala zonse ndi zolembera zomwe zili pamwamba. kumbukirani, izo Makandulo otsuka ndi kutsukidwa amagwira ntchito bwino 10-15% kuposa odetsedwa.

Zotsatira

Kuwoneka kwa pulagi yakuda pa carburetor kapena jekeseni kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. kawirikawiri angapo a iwo. Mwachitsanzo, makandulo osankhidwa molakwika, kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwa injini yoyaka mkati mothamanga kwambiri, kuyatsa molakwika, zisindikizo zatsinde za valve, ndi zina zotero. Choncho, tikukulimbikitsani kuti, pamene zizindikiro zomwe tafotokozazi zikuwonekera, muzingoyang'ana nthawi ndi nthawi momwe ma spark plugs akuyendera pagalimoto yanu.

Yang'anani ndikuyeretsa makandulo pakusintha kulikonse kwamafuta (8 - 10 km). Ndikofunika kuti kusiyana koyenera kukhazikitsidwe, ndipo insulator ya spark plug ikhale yoyera. Ndibwino kuti m'malo makandulo aliyense 40 ... 50 makilomita zikwi (platinamu ndi iridium - pambuyo 80 ... 90 zikwi).

Chifukwa chake simudzangowonjezera moyo wa injini yoyaka mkati, komanso kukhalabe ndi mphamvu komanso chitonthozo choyendetsa. Mutha kuwona zambiri zamomwe mungadziwire injini yoyaka mkati mwagalimoto potengera mtundu wa mwaye pa spark plugs.