Chifukwa chiyani ma spark plugs akuda. Chikhalidwe cha mwaye, choti muchite
Zamkatimu
Mbali yotchinga ndi maelekitirodi achitsulo adzatentha kwambiri ngati mutenga makandulo otentha kwambiri pagawo lamagetsi. Mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya (FA) amayatsa nthawi isanakwane: zotsatira za kuyaka kwa detonation zimapezedwa, zomwe posakhalitsa zidzalepheretsa magawo a pistoni, komanso pansi pa chipinda choyaka moto. Zotsatira zake zidzakhala zochititsa mantha zamtundu wamtundu pazigawo zoyaka moto.
Kuwala kochokera ku kachipangizo kakang'ono kumayatsa kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya mu injini yoyatsira mkati. Zimachitika kuti injini ikasakhazikika, injiniyo imakhala yovuta kuyiyambitsa, komanso ngati njira yowoneka bwino ya utsi ikuwonekera kumbuyo kwa galimotoyo, mumamasula zinthuzo ndipo mwadzidzidzi mumapeza mapulagi akuda. Ndikofunika panthawi imodzimodziyo kuti muthe kudziwa zomwe mtundu, maonekedwe, chikhalidwe cha chinthucho chimanena.
Black zolengeza - ndichiyani
Kupopera kwakuda sikuli kanthu koma mwaye - zopangidwa ndi ma hydrocarbons osakwanira (mafuta, mafuta a injini) ndi zinthu zina zamoyo. Mapulagi atsopano (SZ) amakutidwa ndi khofi wopepuka kapena filimu ya kirimu pambuyo pa 200-300 km - izi ndizabwinobwino ndi galimoto yogwira ntchito. Komabe, mdima wamdima pazitsulo kapena mbali zotetezera ndizowopsa.
Chifukwa chiyani ma plugs akuda
Kukula kwamitundu yamagawo pamagwero oyatsira kumaphatikizapo zoyera, zofiira, zakuda. Kuwombera kotsiriza koopsa sikuli koopsa kokha, koma monga chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa zigawo ndi mbali za dongosolo loyatsira, zoikamo zolakwika za carburetor, ndi zina zambiri.
Carburetor
M'magalimoto okhala ndi injini zoyatsira mkati zoyendetsedwa ndi carburetor, makandulo amasanduka akuda pamene kulephera kumachitika mumafuta ndi mafuta. Yang'ananinso chifukwa chake mu makina a crank ndi nthawi.
Momwe mungamvetsetse kusokonekera kwa kandulo
Mwina liwiro lachabechabe limayikidwa molakwika. Koma nthawi zambiri, poyatsira coils ndi osakwanira kutchinjiriza wa zida zida mawaya tchimo.
Jekeseni
Kudetsa kwa makandulo m'galimoto yokhala ndi malo opangira mafuta kumalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwamafuta. Mavuto a injini yotulutsa jekeseni kapena lamba wanthawi yake akhudzanso zinthu zomwe zili ndi zida zoyatsira ndi zolembera.
Samalirani momwe mumayendetsera: kuchulukitsitsa kwa injini kwanthawi yayitali kumathandizira kupanga mwaye pamakandulo.
Chikhalidwe cha mwaye chidzatiuza zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta
Zida zamagalimoto sizimakutidwa mofanana nthawi zonse: gawo limodzi kapena zingapo zimatha kukhala zakuda. Kugawidwa kwa mwaye kumasiyananso. Chinthucho chimadetsa mbali imodzi kapena mwaye amawonekera pansonga kapena waya.
Chophimba chakuda pa siketi ya spark plug
Pansi pa thupi la kandulo - siketi - nthawi zonse imakhala mu silinda. Ndipo mwaye pa gawo ili akuwonetsa kufunafuna zifukwa zamtundu wa petulo ndi umphumphu wa valve.
Black spark plug mu masilinda 4
Kuwala kumakhala kokhazikika, ndipo kandulo mu silinda yachinayi imakutidwa ndi ma depositi a malasha - matenda amtundu wa "classic" apakhomo.
Zimayambitsa:
- ma hydraulic pushers (ngati alipo) sagwira ntchito;
- kuchotsedwa kwa valve ndikolakwika;
- kugawa gasi mu chipinda chogwirira ntchitochi kwasweka;
- kupasuka pa mbale ya valve;
- makamera ovala camshaft;
- mpando unamira.
Chotsani chivundikiro cha valve, yesani kupanikizika muvuto lavuto kumapeto kwa kupweteka kwapakhosi.
Kandulo yakuda mu silinda imodzi
Waya akayaka, chinthucho chimakutidwa ndi ma depositi a mwaye. Osaletsa kulephera (kuwotcha) kwa silinda yokha.
Mitundu yakuda mwaye
Mtundu wa mwaye ukhoza kusiyana. Kuchotsa chinthu chodziwira kuwonongeka kwa galimoto, ndikumvetsera zotsatirazi:
- Kufanana kwa mwaye. Mwaye ukhoza kukhazikika pa elekitirodi kapena kukhala mbali imodzi ya insulator.
- Kuuma kwa zolengeza. Kunja, akhoza kupereka chithunzi cha chonyowa misa, amene limodzi ndi yeniyeni fungo mafuta.
- Kupaka mafuta. Mpweya wochuluka wamafuta m'masilindawo umapangitsa kuti dothi likhale lopangidwa ndi porous. Ichi ndi chochitika chosavomerezeka.
- Velvety. Chizindikiro chowopsya ndi umboni wa mapangidwe ofulumira a mwaye, pamene mapangidwewo alibe nthawi yokwanira.
- Kanema wonyezimira. Amadziunjikira kwa nthawi yaitali, kupanga wandiweyani kapangidwe.
Nthawi zina ma depositi akuda amaphatikizidwa ndi kutumphuka kofiira kapena kofiirira.
Zoyambitsa madipoziti pa makandulo
Kuzindikira kwachindunji ndi mtundu wa zomangamanga sikungapangidwe ndi makanika aliyense wodziwa bwino zamagalimoto. Koma matembenuzidwe ogwira ntchito amawonekera nthawi yomweyo.
Kutopa kwa valve
Katundu wotentha kwambiri m'zipinda zoyaka zimawononga ngakhale zinthu zosagwira kutentha za ma valve.
Zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa zochitikazo:
- "Kugogoda zala" - kuyatsa kumayikidwa molakwika, mafuta otsika;
- kuchuluka kwamafuta - zovuta ndi nthawi;
- magwiridwe antchito asokonekera - chifukwa cha kutenthedwa kwa magawo, kupsinjika komwe kumafunikira sikukwaniritsidwa;
- kugwedezeka kunawonekera ndipo kuphulika kwa magetsi osagwira ntchito kunasintha - kuphulika kwamoto m'chipinda chogwirira ntchito.
Mudzamvanso "kuwombera" kuchokera ku muffler ndi pops mu thirakiti lodyera. Makandulo amakutidwa ndi mwaye.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa nambala ya incandescence
Pakupanga injini iliyonse, wopanga payekha amasankha mapulagi a spark molingana ndi nambala yowala. Kukwera kwa chizindikirochi, kumachepetsanso gawo la poyatsira moto.
Chifukwa chake kugawanika kwa makandulo:
- ozizira - chiwerengero chachikulu cha incandescent;
- kutentha - chizindikirocho ndi chochepa.
The insulating gawo ndi maelekitirodi zitsulo adzakhala overheat ngati mutenga makandulo otentha kwambiri kwa mphamvu unit.
Ma Spark plugs agalimoto
Kusakaniza kwamafuta-mpweya (FA) kumayatsa pasadakhale: zotsatira za kuyaka kwa detonation zimapezedwa, zomwe posachedwa zidzalepheretsa magawo a pistoni, komanso pansi pachipinda choyaka. Chotsatiracho chidzakhala chochititsa mantha chamtundu pazigawo zoyaka moto.
Kuyatsa mochedwa
Ngati injini ndi yovuta kuyambitsa, mphamvu yamagetsi yatsika, fufuzani ngati galimotoyo ili ndi moto mochedwa. Zinthu za poyatsira sizikhala ndi nthawi yowotha - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mafuta samatha kwathunthu.
Wolemera mpweya-mafuta osakaniza
Mapangidwe a injini yoyatsira mkati amaphatikizapo magulu amafuta a gawo linalake. Ngati chotsiriziracho chikuphwanyidwa, mafuta amawotcha pang'onopang'ono: zotsatira zake ndi SZ yakuda.
Fyuluta yotsekeka ya mpweya
Muzinthu zonyansa zosefera, kukana kwa mpweya kumachepetsedwa: mafuta osakaniza amalemeretsedwa mwadala. Zotsatira zake zidzakhala zipsepse zosuta.
Mavuto ndi poyatsira
Kukachitika kusagwira bwino ntchito poyatsira, kanduloyo imadetsedwa mwachangu, yokutidwa ndi kaboni ngati mwaye wa velvety. M'badwo wa insulator mu nkhani iyi ndi yochepa.
Kuthamanga kwambiri mu njanji yamafuta
Nthawi zambiri, sensa yamafuta imawongolera, ndipo dongosolo lamafuta palokha limawongolera kupanikizika kwa njanji. Koma zolephera ndizotheka mu node iliyonse: ndiye makandulo akuda amatsimikizika.
Kudziyeretsa koyipa
Ngati galimotoyo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mumayendedwe a maulendo afupiafupi komanso kugwedezeka pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti makandulo alibe nthawi yotenthetsera njira yodziyeretsa. Zigawozo sizidzakhala zakuda kwambiri: zimangokhala zodetsedwa, monga mafuta ochokera ku crankcase amawonjezeredwa ku mwaye. Dothi limatha kutseka kusiyana pakati pa ma electrode: ndiye kuti kuwalako kudzazimiririka kapena kumawonekera nthawi ina iliyonse.
Kutaya kukanika
Mndandanda wa zifukwa zomwe kupanikizika kwa chipinda chamoto kumatsikira kumapeto kwa sitiroko ya psinjika ndi yaitali. Apa, kuvala kwa masilindala, kuphika magawo a injini, kupsinjika kwa mavavu. Mavuto omwe atchulidwa ndi mawonekedwe a kukula kwamdima pa chipangizo choyatsira.
Mafuta osayenera
Mafuta a octane otsika kapena zowonjezera za sulfure za octane nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa ma depositi osafunikira. Osasinthira kumafuta apamwamba, injini imayima.
Zolakwika
Makandulo osayenera, olakwika kapena owonongeka panthawi ya ntchito amapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyatsa mafuta. Ikani zida zatsopano kuti muiwale za vutoli.
Zoyenera kuchita pakakhala mwaye
Madipoziti pa makandulo ndizizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zofananira, machitidwe, misonkhano. Kusintha kosavuta kwa zinthu zamilandu sikungakhazikitsidwe, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa mwaye.
Zopangira mafuta
Mafuta opangidwa ndi mafuta amasonyeza kulowetsa kwa mafuta m'zipinda zogwirira ntchito. Chochitika chosasangalatsa chimatsagana ndi kuyambika kovuta kwa magetsi (makamaka nyengo yozizira), kulumpha kuzungulira m'masilinda. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, injiniyo imagwedezeka, ndipo utsi wotuwa umatuluka m'chovalacho.
Mafuta amalowa m'masilinda m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- Pansi. Mafuta amalowa mu mphete za pistoni. Ndikofunika kukonza vutoli nthawi yomweyo, popanda kuyembekezera likulu la injini yoyaka moto. Nthawi zina kukongoletsa kwa injini kumapulumutsa.
- Pamwamba. Zisindikizo zamafuta zimatha, zomwe zimasokoneza kusindikiza kwa mutu wa silinda. Nkhaniyi imathetsedwa posintha makapu olakwika.
Kuchuluka kwa utomoni wonyezimira wamafuta wokhala ndi mafuta osayaka ndi zonyansa zamakina mu SZ zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa zipinda zoyatsira zomwe zikugwira ntchito. Zotsatira zodziwikiratu: kutsika kwa injini, kutsika kofulumira kwa mphamvu yamagawo.
Nagar pa insulator
Oyendetsa galimoto osadziwa amasintha gawolo, akuwona zotsalira za mwaye pa insulator. Pakali pano, madipoziti mu zipinda kuyaka ndi njira zachilengedwe. Liwiro la injini likakwera, tinthu tating'ono ta mwaye timathyoka ma pistoni ndi kumamatira ku zoumba za spark plug.
Chophimba chakuda chofiira pa insulator chimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri zamafuta zomwe zimakhala ndi zitsulo. Gawoli limakutidwa ndi zitsulo zopangira zitsulo zomwe zimasokoneza kuyatsa. Kandulo iyi yokha sikhala nthawi yayitali.
