Europe pagalimoto
Kwa iwo omwe amapita kunja ndi galimoto, tikukukumbutsani za malamulo ofunika kwambiri apamsewu m'mayiko ena.
Mayiko ambiri aku Europe amavomereza ziphaso zoperekedwa ku Poland, kupatula ku Albania. Kuphatikiza apo, satifiketi yolembetsa yokhala ndi mbiri yovomerezeka yaukadaulo ikufunikanso. Madalaivala amayenera kutenga inshuwaransi ya chipani chachitatu.
Ku Germany ndi ku Austria, apolisi amasamalira kwambiri luso la magalimoto. Tikamapita paulendo, timafunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti galimotoyo ili ndi zida zokwanira. Makona atatu ochenjeza, zida zothandizira choyamba, mababu osungira, zingwe zokokera, jack, wrench yamawilo ndizofunikira.
M'mayiko ena, monga Slovakia, Austria, Italy, chovala chowonetsera chimafunikanso. Zikawonongeka, dalaivala ndi okwera pamsewu ayenera kuvala.
M'mayiko onse a ku Ulaya, ndizoletsedwa kulankhula pa foni yam'manja pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto, kupatulapo pogwiritsa ntchito zida zopanda manja. Malamba amipando ndi nkhani yosiyana. Madalaivala ndi apaulendo pafupifupi pafupifupi mayiko onse ayenera kumanga malamba. Kupatulapo ndi Hungary, komwe okwera kumbuyo kunja kwa madera omangidwa sakuyenera kutero. Mayiko ena akhazikitsa ziletso kwa madalaivala azaka zopitilira 65. Amafuna mayeso owonjezera, mwachitsanzo ku Czech Republic, kapena amaletsa kuyendetsa galimoto atakwanitsa zaka 75, mwachitsanzo ku UK.
Austria
Liwiro - malo omanga 50 km/h, osamangidwa 100 km/h, msewu waukulu 130 km/h.
Anthu osakwana zaka 18 sangathe kuyendetsa galimoto, ngakhale atakhala ndi ziphaso zoyendetsa. Alendo oyenda pagalimoto amayenera kuwunika mosamalitsa momwe magalimoto alili (makamaka: matayala, mabuleki ndi zida zothandizira, makona atatu ochenjeza ndi vest yowunikira).
Kuchuluka kololedwa kwa mowa m'magazi a dalaivala ndi 0,5 ppm. Ngati tikuyenda ndi ana osapitirira 12 ndi osapitirira 150 cm wamtali, chonde kumbukirani kuti tiyenera kukhala ndi mpando wamagalimoto awo.
Chinanso ndikuyimitsa magalimoto. Mu zone buluu, i.e. magalimoto ochepa (kuyambira mphindi 30 mpaka maola 3), m'mizinda ina, mwachitsanzo ku Vienna, muyenera kugula tikiti yoyimitsira magalimoto - Parkschein (yomwe imapezeka m'makiosks ndi malo opangira mafuta) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mita yoyimitsa magalimoto. Ku Austria, monganso m'maiko ena ambiri aku Europe, vignette, i. chomata chotsimikizira kulipidwa kwa misewu yolipira. Ma Vignettes amapezeka kumalo opangira mafuta
Nambala zafoni zadzidzidzi: gulu lamoto - 122, apolisi - 133, ambulansi - 144. Ndikoyeneranso kudziwa kuti chaka chatha udindo woyendetsa galimoto pamagetsi unathetsedwa pano masana, masika ndi chilimwe.
Italy
Liwiro - malo okhala ndi 50 km / h, malo osatukuka 90-100 km / h, msewu wawukulu 130 km / h.
Mulingo wovomerezeka wa mowa wamagazi ndi 0,5 ppm. Tsiku lililonse ndimayenera kuyendetsa galimoto ndikuyatsa pang'ono. Ana amatha kunyamulidwa pampando wakutsogolo, koma pampando wapadera.
Muyenera kulipira kugwiritsa ntchito ma motorways. Timalipira ndalama tikadutsa gawo linalake. Nkhani ina ndi yoyimitsa magalimoto. Pakati pa mizinda ikuluikulu masana sizingatheke. Choncho, ndi bwino kusiya galimoto kunja ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera anthu. Mipando yaulere imalembedwa ndi utoto woyera, mipando yolipira imalembedwa ndi utoto wabuluu. Nthawi zambiri mutha kulipira chindapusa pamamita oyimitsa magalimoto, nthawi zina muyenera kugula khadi yoyimitsa magalimoto. Amapezeka m'masitolo a nyuzipepala. Tidzawalipira pafupipafupi kuchokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1,55 mayuro.
Denmark
Liwiro - malo okhala ndi 50 km/h, malo osatukuka 80-90 km/h, misewu yayikulu 110-130 km/h.
Nyali zowala zotsika ziyenera kukhala zowunikira chaka chonse. Ku Denmark, magalimoto amagalimoto samalipidwa, koma m'malo mwake muyenera kulipira milatho yayitali kwambiri (Storebaelt, Oresund).
Munthu amene ali ndi mowa mpaka 0,2 ppm m'magazi amaloledwa kuyendetsa. Pali macheke pafupipafupi, choncho ndibwino kuti musaike pachiwopsezo, chifukwa chindapusacho chimakhala chovuta kwambiri.
Ana osakwana zaka zitatu ayenera kunyamulidwa mu mipando yapadera. Azaka zapakati pa zitatu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, amayenda ndi malamba pampando wokwezeka kapena m’chingwe cha galimoto.
Nkhani ina ndi yoyimitsa magalimoto. Ngati tikufuna kukhala mumzinda, pamalo omwe mulibe mamita oimikapo magalimoto, tiyenera kuyika khadi loyimitsa magalimoto pamalo owonekera (omwe akupezeka ku ofesi yodziwitsa alendo, mabanki ndi apolisi). Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti m'malo omwe ma curbs amapaka utoto wachikasu, simuyenera kusiya galimoto. Komanso, simumayimitsa malo pomwe pali zikwangwani zonena kuti "Palibe Kuyimitsa" kapena "Palibe Kuyimitsa".
Mukakhota kumanja, samalani kwambiri ndi okwera njinga omwe akubwera chifukwa ali ndi ufulu woyenda. Pakachitika ngozi yaying'ono yapamsewu (ngozi, palibe ovulala), apolisi aku Danish samalowererapo. Chonde lembani zambiri za dalaivala: dzina loyamba ndi lomaliza, adilesi yakunyumba, nambala yolembetsa yagalimoto, nambala ya inshuwalansi ndi dzina la kampani ya inshuwaransi.
Galimoto yowonongeka iyenera kukokedwa kumalo ovomerezeka ovomerezeka (ogwirizana ndi mapangidwe a galimotoyo). ASO imadziwitsa kampani ya inshuwaransi, yomwe wowerengera amawunika zowonongeka ndikulamula kuti zikonzedwe.
France
Liwiro - malo omanga 50 km / h, osamangidwa 90 km / h, misewu yothamanga 110 km / h, motorways 130 km / h (110 km / h mvula).
M'dziko lino, amaloledwa kuyendetsa mowa wamagazi mpaka 0,5 pa miliyoni. Mutha kugula zoyezetsa mowa m'masitolo akuluakulu. Ana osakwana zaka 15 ndi 150 cm wamtali saloledwa kuyenda pampando wakutsogolo. Kupatula pampando wapadera. M'chilimwe ndi chilimwe, sikoyenera kuyendetsa masana ndi magetsi.
France ndi amodzi mwa mayiko ochepa a EU omwe adakhazikitsa malire oletsa kuthamanga pamvula. Ndiye pa motorways simungathe kuyendetsa mofulumira kuposa 110 Km / h. Malipiro apamsewu amasonkhanitsidwa potuluka pagawo lolipiritsa. Kutalika kwake kumayikidwa ndi woyendetsa msewu ndipo kumadalira: mtundu wa galimoto, mtunda woyenda ndi nthawi ya tsiku.
M'mizinda ikuluikulu, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi oyenda pansi. Nthawi zambiri amaphonya kuwala kofiira. Kuphatikiza apo, madalaivala nthawi zambiri samatsatira malamulo oyambira: sagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro chokhotakhota, nthawi zambiri amatembenukira kumanja kuchokera kumanzere kapena mosemphanitsa. Ku Paris, magalimoto akumanja amakhala patsogolo pozungulira. Kunja kwa likulu, magalimoto omwe ali kale pozungulira amakhala ofunikira (onani zikwangwani zoyenera).
Ku France, simungaime kumene m'mphepete mwake muli utoto wachikasu kapena pomwe pali mzere wachikasu panjira. Muyenera kulipira poyimitsa. Pali mamita oimika magalimoto m'mizinda yambiri. Ngati tisiya galimoto pamalo oletsedwa, tiyenera kuganizira kuti idzakokedwa kupita kumalo oimika magalimoto apolisi.
Lithuania
Liwiro lovomerezeka - kukhazikika 50 km/h, malo osatukuka 70-90 km/h, msewu waukulu 110-130 km/h.
Tikalowa m'gawo la Lithuania, sitifunika kukhala ndi chilolezo choyendetsa galimoto padziko lonse lapansi kapena kugula inshuwaransi yazachitetezo chamba. Misewu yayikulu ndi yaulere.
Ana osakwana zaka 3 ayenera kunyamulidwa mu mipando yapadera yokhazikika kumpando wakumbuyo wa galimoto. Ena onse, osakwana zaka 12, amatha kuyenda pampando wakutsogolo komanso pampando wamagalimoto. Kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo woviikidwa ndikofunikira chaka chonse.
Matayala achisanu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira 10 November mpaka 1 April. Malire a liwiro amagwira ntchito. Kuloledwa kwa mowa wamagazi ndi 0,4 ppm (m'magazi a madalaivala omwe ali ndi zaka zosachepera 2 ndi oyendetsa magalimoto ndi mabasi, amachepetsedwa kufika 0,2 ppm). Pankhani ya kuyendetsa galimoto moledzeretsa kapena opanda chiphaso choyendetsera galimoto, apolisi atha kulanda galimotoyo.
Ngati tachita ngozi yapamsewu, apolisi aitanidwe msanga. Pokhapokha popereka lipoti la apolisi m'pamene tidzalandira chipukuta misozi kuchokera ku kampani ya inshuwalansi. Kupeza malo oimikapo magalimoto ku Lithuania ndikosavuta. Tilipira malo oimikapo magalimoto.
Germany
Liwiro - malo omanga 50 km / h, malo osamangidwira 100 km / h, msewu wovomerezeka wa 130 km / h.
Ma motorways ndi aulere. M'mizinda, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa oyenda pansi ndi okwera njinga, omwe amaika patsogolo podutsa. Nkhani ina ndi yoimika magalimoto, yomwe, mwatsoka, imalipidwa m'mizinda yambiri. Umboni wa kulipira ndi tikiti yoyimitsa magalimoto yomwe imayikidwa kumbuyo kwa windshield. Nyumba zogonamo komanso malo achinsinsi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zikwangwani zonena kuti "Privatgelande" pafupi ndi iwo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kuyimitsa m'deralo. Kuonjezera apo, ngati tisiya galimoto pamalo pomwe idzasokoneza magalimoto, tiyenera kuganizira kuti idzakokedwa kumalo oimika magalimoto apolisi. Tilipira mpaka ma euro 300 pazosonkhanitsa zake.
Ku Germany, chidwi chapadera chimaperekedwa ku luso lagalimoto. Ngati tilibe mayeso aukadaulo kupatula chindapusa chachikulu, galimoto imakokedwa ndipo tidzalipira ndalama zokhazikika pakuyesako. Momwemonso, tikakhala opanda zikalata zonse, kapena apolisi akapeza vuto lalikulu mgalimoto yathu. Msampha wina ndi radar, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayikidwa m'mizinda kuti igwire madalaivala pamagetsi ofiira. Tikamayenda m'misewu ya ku Germany, timatha kukhala ndi mowa wokwana 0,5 ppm m'magazi athu. Ana ayenera kunyamulidwa mumipando yotetezeka ya ana.
Slovakia
Liwiro - malo omanga 50 km/h, osamangidwa 90 km/h, msewu waukulu 130 km/h.
Malipiro akugwira ntchito, koma m'misewu ya kalasi yoyamba. Amasindikizidwa ndi galimoto yoyera pamtunda wabuluu. Vignette kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri idzatiwononga: pafupifupi ma euro 5, kwa mwezi 10, ndi ma euro 36,5 pachaka. Kulephera kutsatira lamuloli kulangidwa ndi chindapusa. Mutha kugula ma vignettes kumalo okwerera mafuta. Kuyendetsa munthu ataledzera sikuloledwa ku Slovakia. Pakakhala mavuto ndi galimoto, tikhoza kuyitanitsa thandizo la pamsewu pa nambala 0123. Kuyimitsa magalimoto m'mizinda ikuluikulu kumalipidwa. Kumene kulibe mita yoyimitsa magalimoto, muyenera kugula khadi yoyimitsa magalimoto. Amapezeka m'sitolo yamanyuzipepala.
Samalani makamaka apa
Anthu a ku Hungary salola kuti mowa ulowe m'magazi a madalaivala. Kuyendetsa ndi double throttle kudzachititsa kuti chiphaso chanu choyendetsa galimoto chikulepheretseni. Kunja kwa mzindawo, timafunikira kuyatsa nyali zoviikidwa. Dalaivala ndi wokwera kutsogolo ayenera kuvala malamba, kaya ali pamalo omangidwa kapena ayi. Okwera kumbuyo okha m'malo omangidwa. Ana osakwana zaka 12 saloledwa kukhala pampando wakutsogolo. Timaimika m'malo osankhidwa mwapadera pomwe mita yoyimitsa magalimoto nthawi zambiri imayikidwa.
A Czechs ali ndi imodzi mwamalamulo ovuta kwambiri apamsewu ku Europe. Kupita kumeneko paulendo, muyenera kukumbukira kuti muyenera kuyendetsa chaka chonse ndi nyali zoviikidwa zoviikidwa. Tiyeneranso kuyenda titamanga malamba. Komanso, ana mpaka 136 cm wamtali ndi kulemera kwa 36 makilogalamu ayenera kunyamulidwa mu mipando yapadera ana. Kuyimitsa magalimoto ku Czech Republic kumalipidwa. Ndi bwino kulipira ndalama pa mita yoyimitsa magalimoto. Osasiya galimoto yanu panjira. Ngati tikupita ku Prague, ndi bwino kukhala kunja ndikugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera zapagulu.
Chindapusa chowonjezera pang'ono liwiro lololedwa chidzatitengera kuchokera ku 500 mpaka 2000 kroons, i.е. pafupifupi 20 mpaka 70 euro. Ku Czech Republic, kuyendetsa galimoto mutamwa mowa ndi zinthu zina zoledzeretsa ndikoletsedwa. Tikagwidwa ndi mlandu wotere, timakhala m'ndende mpaka zaka 3, chindapusa cha 900 mpaka 1800 euros. Chilango chomwecho chimagwiranso ntchito ngati mukukana kutenga mpweya wopumira kapena kuyesa magazi.
Muyenera kulipira kuti muyendetse misewu yayikulu ndi misewu. Mutha kugula ma vignettes kumalo okwerera mafuta. Kupanda vignette kungatiwonongereni mpaka PLN 14.
