Kuzizira koyipa koyambira

"Siziyamba bwino kwa ine kuzizira" - madandaulo otere amatha kumveka kuchokera kwa amuna mu nyengo yozizira, pokambirana za magalimoto. Ngati galimotoyo siinayambe bwino pamene kuzizira, zizindikiro ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana amatha kufotokozedwa, koma mavuto omwe amachititsa kuti zichitike nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana. Zifukwa zovuta kuyamba zimasiyana kutengera mtundu wa injini kuyaka mkati: mafuta (injector, carburetor) kapena dizilo. M'nkhaniyi, tiona zochitika zofala kwambiri zamavuto monga:

Zifukwa zomwe zimakhala zoipa kuyamba pa chimfine

Ndikofunika kusiyanitsa mikhalidwe yomwe mavuto amawonekera. Yaikulu ndi:

• galimoto ndi yotentha komanso yovuta kuiyambitsa;
• sichimayamba bwino pambuyo pa nthawi yopuma, ikazizira (makamaka m'mawa);
• ngati ikana kuyamba kuzizira.

Onse a iwo ali ma nuances awo ndi zifukwa zake zoyenera kuziganizira payokha. Tidzamvetsetsa bwino zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injini yoyaka moto isayambike bwino. Nthawi zambiri kuzungulira kumodzi kapena kuwiri kwa shaft ya armature shaft ndikokwanira kuyambitsa galimoto yomwe ili bwino. Ngati izi zikulephera, muyenera kuyang'ana chifukwa chake.

Zifukwa zazikulu:

zifukwa	Carburetor	Jekeseni	Injini ya dizeli
Mafuta osakhala bwino
Kusakwanira kwa pampu yamafuta
Zosefera mafuta otsekeka
Kuthamanga kwamafuta ofooka
Mafuta otsika mu carburetor
Makina owongolera kuthamanga kwamafuta olakwika
Kutulutsa kwa mpweya
Kusauka kwa makandulo
kuthyoka kwa mawaya amphamvu kwambiri kapena zoyatsira moto
Mpweya woipa
Kuwonongeka kwa valve yopanda ntchito
kulephera kwa masensa a mpweya
Kuwonongeka kwa sensor kutentha kwa injini
Ma valve osweka kapena oyikidwa molakwika
kukhuthala kwamafuta osankhidwa molakwika (kwambiri kwambiri)
Batire yofooka

Palinso mavuto ocheperako, koma ocheperako. Tizitchulanso pansipa.

Malangizo Othetsera Mavuto

Pa injini zamafuta chizindikiro chakuti imayamba moyipa ndikuyimitsa kuzizira, imatha kukhala kandulo. Timamasula, yang'anani: kusefukira - kusefukira, tikuyang'ana mfundo zina; kusakaniza kouma - kowonda, timasankhanso zosankha. Njira yowunikirayi ikuthandizani kuti muyambe kumveketsa bwino ndi zosavuta ndikuyandikira pang'onopang'ono zifukwa zovuta zoyambira kuzizira kwa injini yoyaka mkati, osayang'ana pampu yamafuta, kugawa jekeseni, kukwera kumakina anthawi, tsegulani. cylinder block, etc.

Koma kwa injini ya dizilo woyamba mu mndandanda wa zolakwika adzakhala psinjika ofooka... Chifukwa chake eni magalimoto a dizilo ayenera kusamala kwambiri. Pamalo achiwiri ndi mafuta abwino kapena kusagwirizana kwake ndi nyengoyo, ndipo chachitatu - mapulagi oyaka.

Malangizo oyambira injini yoyatsira mkati nyengo yozizira

1. Sungani thanki yodzaza kuti condensation isapangidwe komanso madzi asalowe mumafuta.
2. Yatsani mtengo wapamwamba kwa masekondi angapo musanayambe - idzabwezeretsa mphamvu ya batri pamasiku achisanu.
3. Mukatembenuza kiyi mu loko yoyatsira (pagalimoto ya jakisoni), dikirani masekondi angapo mpaka kukhazikika kwamafuta kumapangidwa mumafuta, kenako ndikuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati.
4. Imbani mafuta pamanja (pagalimoto ya carburetor), koma musapitirire, apo ayi makandulo adzasefukira.
5. Magalimoto pa gasi, musayambe kuzizira, choyamba sinthani ku mafuta!

Injector imayamba bwino pa chimfine

Chinthu choyamba muyenera kulabadira pamene jekeseni galimoto sikugwira ntchito bwino ndi masensa. Kulephera kwa ena mwa iwo kumabweretsa kuyamba kovuta kwa injini yoyaka mkati, popeza zizindikiro zolakwika zimatumizidwa ku kompyuta. Kawirikawiri zimakhala zovuta kuyamba pa chimfine chifukwa:

• Sensa yoziziritsa kutentha, DTOZH imadziwitsa gawo lowongolera za dziko loziziritsa, chidziwitso cha chizindikirocho chimakhudza chiyambi cha injini yoyaka mkati (mosiyana ndi galimoto ya carburetor), kusintha kapangidwe kakusakaniza kogwira ntchito;
• throttle sensor;
• sensa yogwiritsira ntchito mafuta;
• DMRV (kapena MAP, kulowetsa mphamvu zambiri).

Ngati zonse zili mu dongosolo ndi masensa, choyamba muyenera kulabadira mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. Kuzizira koyambitsa vuto ndilofala. chifukwa chowongolera mafuta... Chabwino, ndithudi, kaya ndi jekeseni kapena carburetor, pamene galimoto yozizira siimayamba bwino, ngati pali troit, zosintha zimalumphira, ndipo mutatha kutentha zonse zili bwino, zikutanthauza kuti makandulo ali ndi mawonekedwe. kufufuzidwa mosalephera, ndipo timayang'ana makoyilo ndi mawaya a BB ndi multimeter.
2. Kupereka zovuta zambiri nozzles permeableKunja kukatentha, galimoto siyamba bwino pa injini yoyaka moto mkati, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira, jekeseni wodontha amatha. chifukwa chakuyamba movutikira m'mawa. Kuti muyese chiphunzitso ichi, ndikwanira kungomasula kupanikizika kwa TS madzulo, kuti pasakhale chotsitsa, ndikuyang'ana zotsatira zake m'mawa.
3. Sitingathe kuchotseratu vuto la banal monga kutuluka kwa mpweya mumagetsi - zimasokoneza chiyambi cha injini yozizira. Komanso kulabadira mafuta anatsanulira mu thanki, chifukwa khalidwe lake zimakhudza kwambiri chiyambi cha injini kuyaka mkati.

Pa magalimoto monga "Audi 80" (ndi jekeseni makina), choyamba ife fufuzani nozzle poyambira.

Malangizo onse: ngati choyambira chitembenuka bwino, makandulo ndi mawaya zili bwino, ndiye kuti kufufuza chifukwa chomwe chimayambira bwino pa jekeseni wozizira kuyenera kuyambika poyang'ana kachipangizo kozizira ndikuyang'ana kuthamanga kwa mafuta (chiyani? akugwira ndi kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji), popeza awa ndi awiri omwe ndizovuta kwambiri.

Carburetor sichimayamba bwino pakazizira

Zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambira bwino pa carburetor yozizira, kapena sizimayambira konse, zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu monga: makandulo, mawaya a BB, koyilo kapena batire. Ndichifukwa chake chinthu choyamba kuchita - masulani makandulo - ngati anyowa, ndiye kuti wogwiritsa ntchito magetsi ali ndi mlandu.

Nthawi zambiri, mumainjini a carburetor, pamakhalanso zovuta poyambira pomwe ma jets a carb atsekedwa.

Chachikulu zifukwa zomwe siziyambira carburetor ozizira:

1. Koyatsira moto.
2. Sinthani.
3. Trambler (chivundikiro kapena slider).
4. carburetor yosinthidwa molakwika.
5. The diaphragm ya chipangizo choyambira kapena diaphragm ya pampu yamafuta yawonongeka.

Zachidziwikire, ngati mutulutsa mafuta musanayambe ndikutulutsanso kuyamwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti zimayamba bwino. Koma, malangizo onsewa ndi ofunika pamene carburetor molondola kukhazikitsidwa ndipo palibe mavuto ndi lophimba kapena makandulo.

Ngati galimoto yokhala ndi carburetor, kaya ndi Solex kapena DAAZ (VAZ 2109, VAZ 2107), ikuyamba kuzizira, ndiyeno nthawi yomweyo imagwera, ikusefukira makandulo nthawi yomweyo - izi zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa chiyambi cha diaphragm.

Malangizo ochokera kwa eni ake odziwa bwino galimoto VAZ 2110: "Pamene injini sichiyamba pa injini yozizira, muyenera kukanikiza bwino gasi pedal, tembenuzirani choyambira ndikumasula chopondapo chikangogwira, sungani mpweya. m’malo omwewo mpaka kutentha.”

Taganizirani zina wamba milandupamene sichiyamba pa chimfine:

• pamene choyambira chikutembenuka, koma sichikunyamula, zikutanthauza kuti palibe choyatsira pa spark plugs, kapena mafuta sakuperekedwanso;
• ngati agwira, koma osayamba - nthawi zambiri, kuyatsa kumagwetsedwa kapena, kachiwiri, mafuta;
• Ngati choyambitsa sichimazungulira konse, ndiye kuti pali vuto ndi batri.

Chifukwa chiyani zimakhala zovuta kuyambitsa carburetor yozizira

Ngati zonse zili bwino ndi mafuta, makandulo ndi mawaya, ndiye kuti mwina pali kuyatsa mochedwa kapena valavu yoyambira mu carburetor sinasinthidwe. Komabe, pakhoza kukhala khwawa long'ambika mu dongosolo ozizira kuyamba, ndipo kusintha kwa valve kumanenanso zambiri.

Kuti mufufuze mwachangu zomwe zimayambitsa kusauka kwa ICE ozizira ndi carburetor power system akatswiri amalangiza kufufuza kaye: ma spark plugs, mawaya othamanga kwambiri, choyambira cha carburetor, jeti yopanda ntchito, ndiye pokhaponso muyang'anenso zolumikizira zosweka, nthawi yoyatsira, ntchito yapampu yamafuta ndi momwe machubu owonjezera vacuum.

Zovuta kuyamba pa dizilo yozizira

Monga mukudziwira, kuyambitsa injini ya dizilo kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kupsinjika, chifukwa chake, ngati palibe mavuto pakugwira ntchito kwa batri ndi choyambira, pangakhale njira zitatu zopezera chifukwa chomwe injini ya dizilo siyambira bwino. m'mawa pa ozizira:

1. Kuponderezana kosakwanira.
2. Palibe spark plug.
3. Kusowa kapena mafuta akusweka.

Chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe dizilo sizimayambira kuzizira, ndiko kuti, kusayambira bwino kwa injini ya dizilo - kupsinjika koyipa. Ngati sichiyamba m'mawa, koma imagwira kuchokera ku pusher, ndiyeno pali utsi wa buluu kwa nthawi inayake, ndiye kuti izi ndi 90% yotsika.

ICE compression check

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Utsi wa buluu wa kutha kwa dizilo pa nthawi ya kuzungulira kwa sitata kumatanthauza kuti pali mafuta opangira ma cylinders, koma kusakaniza sikuyatsa.

Nkhani yofanana ndi yomwe mwiniwake wa galimoto yokhala ndi injini ya dizilo sangathe kuyambitsa injini yozizira, koma yotentha imayamba popanda mavuto - ngati palibe spark plugs. Amatenthetsa mafuta a dizilo mpaka injini ya dizilo ifika kutentha kwake.

zosankha, Chifukwa chiyani makandulo sagwira ntchito?mwina atatu:

• makandulo okha ndi olakwika;
• Ndi spark plug relay. Ntchito yake imayang'aniridwa ndi sensa ya kutentha kozizira. Panthawi yogwira ntchito bwino, kubwereza kumapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lopanda phokoso pamene fungulo limatsegulidwa musanayambe kuyatsa, ndipo ngati silinamveke, ndiye kuti ndiloyenera kulipeza mu chipika ndikuchiyang'ana;
• oxidation ya cholumikizira chowala. Sikoyenera kufotokoza apa momwe ma oxide amakhudzira kukhudzana.

Njira 3 zowonera mapulagi owala

Kuti muwone mapulagi a dizilo, mutha kusankha njira zingapo:

• kuyeza kukana kwawo (pa kandulo yosasunthika) kapena chigawo chotseguka chozungulira chotenthetsera ndi multimeter (choyang'aniridwa mumtundu wa tweeter, zonse zomangika mu injini yoyaka mkati ndikuyimasula);
• yang'anani liwiro ndi digiri ya incandescence pa batri mwa kulumikiza pansi ndi electrode yapakati ndi mawaya;
• popanda kumasula kuchokera ku injini yoyatsira mkati, gwirizanitsani waya wapakati ku terminal yabwino ya batire kudzera pa babu 12 volt.

Ndi kupanikizika kwabwino ndi mapulagi osagwira ntchito, injini yoyaka mkati imayamba, ndithudi, ngati si -25 ° C kunja, koma zidzatenga nthawi yaitali kuti mutembenuzire choyambitsa, ndipo injini "idzawotcha" mphindi zoyamba. ntchito.

Ngati makandulo akugwira ntchito, ndipo amalimbikitsidwa bwino pamene kuyatsa kumayatsidwa, ndiye kuti nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuyang'ana zovomerezeka pa ma valve. Pakapita nthawi, amasokera, ndipo pa injini yoyaka moto yamkati samatseka kwathunthu, ndipo ngati muyambitsa ndikuwotha, ndiye kuti amaphimba ndipo injini imayamba kuzizira.

Majekeseni a dizilo olakwika, chifukwa cha kung'ambika kwabwinobwino kapena kuipitsidwa (sulfure ndi zonyansa zina), ndizofunikanso chimodzimodzi. Nthawi zina, majekeseni amataya mafuta ambiri pamzere wobwerera (muyenera kuyesa) kapena fyuluta yamafuta onyansa.

Kusokonezeka kwamafuta zovuta kwambiri kuyambitsa injini kuyaka mkati. Choncho, ngati injini ya dizilo imasiya kuyambira m'mawa, mosasamala kanthu za kutentha kunja, mafuta a dizilo amachoka (valavu sichigwira pamzere wobwerera), kapena imayamwa mpweya, zosankha zina ndizochepa! Mpweya wolowa mumafuta umapangitsa kuti injini ya dizilo iyambe bwino ndikuyima.

mafuta kunja kwa nyengo kapena ndi zonyansa za chipani chachitatu. Kunja kukakhala kozizira ndipo injini ya dizilo siyiyamba kapena kutsika nthawi yomweyo itangoyamba, ndiye kuti vuto lingakhale mumafuta. DT imafuna kusintha kwa nyengo kupita ku "chilimwe", "dzinja" komanso "arctic" (makamaka madera ozizira) mafuta a dizilo. Dizilo sayamba m'nyengo yozizira chifukwa mafuta a dizilo osakonzekera m'chilimwe m'nyengo yozizira amasanduka gel osakaniza a parafini mu thanki yamafuta ndi mizere yamafuta, amakhuthala ndikutseka fyuluta yamafuta.

Pankhaniyi, kuyambitsa injini ya dizilo kumathandizidwa ndikuwotcha mafuta ndikusintha fyuluta yamafuta. Madzi owuma pazitsulo zosefera zimakhala zovuta. Pofuna kupewa kudzikundikira kwa madzi mumafuta, mutha kuthira mowa pang'ono mu thanki kapena chowonjezera chapadera mumafuta a dizilo otchedwa dehydrator.

Malangizo kwa eni magalimoto a dizilo:

1. Ngati, mutathira madzi otentha pamwamba pa fyuluta yamafuta, galimotoyo imayamba ndikuyenda bwino, ndi mafuta a dizilo achilimwe.
2. Ngati pali kupanikizika kochepa mu njanji yamafuta, ma nozzles mwina akutsanulira, samatseka (ntchitoyo imayang'aniridwa pamalo apadera).
3. Ngati mayeso akuwonetsa kuti ma nozzles amatsanuliridwa pamzere wobwerera, ndiye kuti singano mu sprayer simatseguka (ndikofunikira kusintha).

Zifukwa 10 Zomwe Injini Za Dizilo Siziyamba Kuzizira

Ngati injini ya dizilo siyamba bwino pa ozizira, zifukwa zikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa mu mndandanda wa mfundo khumi:

1. kuyambitsa kapena kulephera kwa batri.
2. Kuponderezana kosakwanira.
3. kulephera kwa jekeseni/nozzle.
4. mphindi ya jakisoni idakhazikitsidwa molakwika, osalumikizana ndikugwiritsa ntchito pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri (lamba wanthawi adalumphira ndi dzino limodzi).
5. Mpweya mu mafuta.
6. chilolezo cha valve sichinakhazikitsidwe molakwika.
7. kuwonongeka kwa preheating system.
8. Zowonjezera kukana mu dongosolo loperekera mafuta.
9. Kukana kowonjezera mu dongosolo lotopetsa.
10. Kulephera kwamkati kwa mpope wa jakisoni.

Ndikuyembekeza kuti zonsezi zidzakuthandizani, ndipo ngati sizithetsa vutoli poyambitsa injini yoyaka moto yamkati, ndiye kuti idzakutsogolerani ku njira yolondola kuti muthetse nokha kapena mothandizidwa ndi katswiri.

Timanena za milandu yathu yovuta kuyambitsa injini yoyaka moto mkati ndi njira zowathetsera mu ndemanga.