Chitofu m'galimoto sichigwira ntchito bwino: zifukwa zoyenera kuchita

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe mpweya wozizira ukuwomba kuchokera ku chitofu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kwambiri momwe tingathere pazinthu zingapo zodziwika bwino zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutha kwa mpweya wotentha kuchipinda chokwera pamene injini ikugwira ntchito.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe mpweya wozizira ukuwomba kuchokera ku chitofu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kwambiri momwe tingathere pazinthu zingapo zodziwika bwino zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutha kwa mpweya wotentha kuchipinda chokwera pamene injini ikugwira ntchito.

Kodi chitofu ndi cha chiyani?

Chitofu m'galimoto chimagwira ntchito yofanana ndi zida zotenthetsera m'malo okhalamo - kupereka kutentha kwa dalaivala ndi okwera. Komanso, kutentha kwa kanyumbako, kopangidwa ndi chitofu, kumalimbana ndi chifunga cha mazenera, kuzizira kwa maloko, ndi masiwichi amtundu uliwonse wamkati.

Chitofu cha saloon chimalumikizidwa ndi makina oziziritsira injini. Injini imatenthedwa ndi madzi apadera - antifreeze, omwe amatenga kutentha kwa injini yoyaka mkati, imakhala yotentha, kenako imazizira mu rediyeta.

Kuzungulira kozizira kumagawidwa m'magulu awiri - ang'onoang'ono ndi akulu. Kuzungulira mu bwalo laling'ono, refrigerant imalowa m'kati mwake yomwe ikuphimba chipika cha silinda, chomwe chimatchedwa malaya, ndikuzizira ma silinda ndi pistoni. Choziziriracho chikatentha mpaka madigiri 82, valavu yapadera (thermostat) imatsegulidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo antifreeze imayenda kuchokera pa block ya silinda, motsatira mzere wopita ku radiator yozizira. Chifukwa chake, kuyenda kwa antifreeze kumayambira kuzungulira kwakukulu. Komanso, injini ikamathamanga, madzi otentha mkati mwa bwalo laling'ono, kudzera m'mapaipi olowera ndi potuluka, amazungulira nthawi zonse kudzera pa radiator ya chitofu.

Kutentha m'galimoto

Ngati dalaivala akuyatsa chitofu, iye potero kuyambitsa zimakupiza, amene adzayamba kuwomba pa mbaula rediyeta kutentha ndi ozizira ozizira. Motero, mpweya wowombedwa ndi faniyo udzadutsa m'maselo a radiator ndikuwotcha, ndiyeno, utatenthedwa kale, udzalowa mkati mwa galimoto kudzera mu njira ya mpweya. Chifukwa chake, simudzalandira kutentha mpaka makinawo agwira ntchito kwa mphindi zingapo. Kupatula apo, injini ikatenthetsa, choziziritsa kuzizira chimatenthetsanso.

N'chifukwa chiyani kukuwomba mpweya wozizira

M'nyengo yozizira, kulephera kwa chowotcha kanyumba kudzakhala, kunena mofatsa, zodabwitsa zosasangalatsa kwa dalaivala. Pali mfundo zingapo zazikulu zomwe chitofu chimayimitsa kutentha.

Kuchepa kwa antifreeze mu dongosolo lozizirira

Chotenthetsera cha kanyumba chimagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kochokera ku choziziritsira chomwe chimazungulira mozungulira komanso mkati mwa injini. Kuzizira kocheperako nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa dera lotsekedwa ndi kutayikira kozizirira. Vuto lotere limaphatikizapo kutulutsa mpweya wozizirira, womwe umasokoneza kayendedwe ka firiji. Pamenepa, chitofucho chidzasiya kutulutsa kutentha, injini idzayamba kutenthedwa.

Choncho, chinthu choyamba kuchita ngati muwona kutuluka kwa mpweya wozizira wa chotenthetsera ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi mu dongosolo. Mukapeza kutayikira, muyenera kusintha payipi yomwe yawonongeka kapena chitoliro chomwe chimatulutsa antifreeze, ndiyeno lembani zoziziritsa kukhosi zatsopano.

Izi ziyenera kuchitika kokha ndi injini yozizira. M'pofunika kudzaza choziziritsa kukhosi mu thanki yowonjezera. Tanki yowonekera iyi, yomwe ili pafupi ndi radiator, ili ndi mipope ya rabara yomwe imatulukamo.

Palibe antifreeze yokwanira m'galimoto

Matanki akukulitsa magalimoto ambiri amakono ali ndi zoopsa - "Max" ndi "Min". Ngati kuchuluka kwa refrigerant kuli pansi pa chizindikiro chochepa, ndiye kuti pali kuchepa kwa refrigerant mu dongosolo. Choncho, m'pofunika kudzaza choziziritsa kukhosi pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri.

Ngati mlingo wamadzimadzi uli mkati mwa malire abwino, palibe kutayikira ndi mpweya, ndipo ng'anjo ikalibe kutentha, muyenera kupitiriza kuyang'ana zifukwa zina zomwe zingakhudze kutentha.

Thermostat yokhazikika

Thermostat ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zimene muyenera kulabadira ngati chitofu m'galimoto si kutentha bwino. Vavu iyi imayendetsa kayendedwe ka zoziziritsa kukhosi kudzera munjira yozizirira yotseka. Chizindikiro cha kutentha pa dashboard chidzakuthandizani kudziwa ngati thermostat ikugwira ntchito bwino. Ngati injini ya galimoto yanu yakhala ikugwira ntchito kwa mphindi khumi, muyeso wa kutentha uyenera kusonyeza kuti kutentha kwakwera kuchoka pa "kuzizira" kufika "kutentha". Moyenera, muvi uyenera kukhala penapake pakati. Ngati zowerengerazi sizinakhazikike pa geji yoyezera kutentha, chotenthetseracho chingakhale chalephera.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya kulephera kwa thermostat: kutsekereza ma valve pamalo otsekedwa kapena otseguka. Ngati chotenthetsera chikakamira pamalo otseguka, nthawi yoti chozizirirapo chizitentha mpaka kutentha kwanthawi zonse, injini imayamba kumveka, ndipo chitofu chimagwira ntchito mochedwa pafupifupi mphindi 10.

Ndi thermostat yotsekedwa nthawi zonse, zotsatira zosiyana zidzachitika kwa injini - kutenthedwa kwamphamvu kwa injini yoyaka mkati, popeza madzi otentha sangathe kupitirira bwalo laling'ono kuti alowe mu radiator ndikuzizira. Kwa chitofu, valavu yotsekedwa imatanthawuzanso kuti palibe kutentha, chifukwa valavu sichilola kuziziritsa kotentha mu dera la heater.

Thermostat yokhazikika

Kuti muwone ngati chotenthetsera chikugwira ntchito, yambani injini, dikirani mphindi 2-3, tsegulani hood, mverani payipi kuchokera ku valve kupita ku radiator. Paipi yotentha idzakuuzani ngati valavu yatsekedwa pamalo otsekedwa. Ngati chitoliro ndi chozizira, ndiye kuti thermostat imatseguka ndipo choziziritsa sichingatenthe, chifukwa chimazungulira mozungulira mozungulira. Choncho, vuto la kuzizira kozizira kuchokera ku chitofu, lomwe limagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuwonongeka kwa msonkhano wa valve, liyenera kuthetsedwa mwa kukhazikitsa thermostat yatsopano.

Kuwonongeka kwa pampu

Pampu ndi pampu yapakati yomwe imayendetsa antifreeze kudzera munjira yozizirira. Chigawochi chikasiya kugwira ntchito, kutuluka kwa madzi kudzera m'mapaipi, mapaipi ndi ngalande kumayima. Kuyimitsa kuyendayenda kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi kudzera muzoziziritsa kumapangitsa injini kutenthedwa. Komanso, choziziritsa kukhosi sichidzatha kusamutsa kutentha ku radiator ya chitofu, ndipo chowotcha chotenthetsera chimatulutsa mpweya wozizira kwambiri.

Kusokonekera pang'ono kwa mpope kumatha kudziwika ndi phokoso laphokoso kapena phokoso panthawi yogwira ntchito. Zizindikiro zotere nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuvala koopsa chifukwa cha ntchito yayitali ya msonkhano. Kuphatikiza apo, pakapita nthawi, masamba a impeller amatha kutha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kusunga kufalikira kwanthawi zonse, ndi zotsatirapo zonse za injini ndi chitofu.

Werenganinso: Chotenthetsera chowonjezera m'galimoto: ndi chiyani, chifukwa chiyani chikufunika, chipangizocho, momwe chimagwirira ntchito

pampu yotenthetsera makina

Pali njira ziwiri zokha zothetsera vutoli: kukonza mpope, malinga ndi kuwonongeka pang'ono, kapena kukhazikitsa gawo latsopano. Monga momwe machitidwe amasonyezera, njira yachiwiri ndiyothandiza kwambiri. Ngakhale mpope si kuphedwa kwathunthu, kukonza sizingathandize nthawi zonse kutalikitsa moyo utumiki wake kwa nthawi yaitali. Choncho, ndizosavuta komanso zodalirika kugula ndikuyika pampu yatsopano.

Zifukwa zina zomwe chitofu sichimatenthetsa bwino

Kuphatikiza pazifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zovuta mu dongosolo lozizirira, kuphwanya kumachitika mu imodzi mwa mfundo za chitofu. Chifukwa chake, kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa chitofu kumachitika pazifukwa zingapo:

• Radiyeta ya sitovu yotsekeka kapena yowonongeka. M'kupita kwa nthawi, zinyalala zimatseka ma cell a chotenthetsera kutentha ndipo sizimatenthetsa bwino mpweya womwe umadutsamo. Komanso, chifukwa cha dzimbiri kapena masikelo, kutsekeka mkati mwa radiator ndikotheka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuphwanya kutulutsa koziziritsa. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali kapena kuwonongeka kwamakina kumatha kusokoneza kukhulupirika kwa nyumba ya radiator. Ingoyamba kuyenda ndikusiya kugwira ntchito zake. Chifukwa chake, ngati chatsekeka, onetsetsani kuti mwayeretsa chinthuchi kapena kusintha gawo lomwe lawonongeka.
• Kulephera kwa mafani. Chotenthetsera chitofu chimawomba pa radiator pomwe antifreeze yotentha ikadutsa. Komanso, mpweya wotenthedwa kuchokera ku antifreeze umalowa m'chipinda cha anthu kudzera mu njira ya mpweya. Chifukwa chake, fan yolakwika imayambitsa kusowa kwa mpweya wotentha komanso kutentha kwamkati. Komabe, panthawi yosuntha, ndi kuwonongeka koteroko, chitofucho chikhoza kutulutsa mpweya wotentha, popeza ntchito ya fan imatha kuchitidwa mwanjira ina ndi mpweya wochokera kunja. Zoonadi, galimoto ikayimitsidwa, chitofucho chimasiya kutulutsa kutentha.
• Zosefera mpweya wotsekeka. Pamene mtsinje wa mpweya wotentha ukuwulukira m'nyumba, fyuluta ya kanyumba imayima m'njira yake, yomwe imagwira ntchito yoyeretsa mpweya kuzinthu zowononga zakunja. Fyuluta yotsekeka imayamba kuyenda bwino, ndipo chitofu sichimatenthetsa bwino.
• Kuwonongeka kwa shutter. Dongosolo la mpweya wotenthetsera lili ndi chowongolera, chomwe mutha kusintha kuchuluka kwa mpweya wotentha womwe umalowa m'chipinda chokwera. Ndiko kuti, pamene hatch imatsegulidwa kwambiri, kutentha kumapita ku kanyumbako, ndipo mosiyana. Chotchinga ichi chimalumikizidwa ndi chingwe ku chogwirira kapena kiyi yowongolera chitofu. Komanso, nsalu yotchinga imatha kugwira ntchito kudzera pa servo. Kugwedezeka kwa chingwe kapena kusweka kwa servo pagalimoto kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kuwongolera chinsalu nthawi zonse ndikuyika kutentha komwe kuli mu kanyumbako.

Apa tidasanthula zifukwa zazikulu zomwe chitofu chagalimoto sichimawotcha. Palinso zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya chotenthetsera. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuwunika nthawi zonse ma node a kutentha ndi kuzizira. Ndiye kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa chitofu kudzalumikizidwa ndi vuto lililonse lomwe lingathetsedwe mosavuta. Popanda chisamaliro choyenera pamakina agalimoto awa, pakapita nthawi, mudzapeza zovuta zambiri zomwe zidzafunika ndalama zambiri zachuma.

Chitofu sichimawotcha, choti muchite pazifukwa zazikulu. Zangovuta