Kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo kwa galimoto - mitundu yake, ubwino wawo ndi kuipa.

Madalaivala nthawi zambiri amadziwa mtundu wa injini yomwe ali nayo pansi pa hood. Koma sangadziwe kuti galimoto yawo ili ndi suspension yamtundu wanji, monga pa ekisi yakutsogolo.

Pali mitundu iwiri yoyimitsidwa: yodalira, yodziyimira payokha. Poyamba, mawilo agalimoto amalumikizana. Izi zili choncho chifukwa amamangiriridwa ku chinthu chomwecho. Poyimitsidwa paokha, gudumu lirilonse limamangiriridwa ku zigawo zosiyana.

M'magalimoto amakono, palibe kuyimitsidwa kodalira pa chitsulo chakutsogolo. Komabe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma axles kumbuyo kwa ma SUV ena. Komabe, kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndikutukuka kwambiri.

Palinso mtundu wachitatu wa kuyimitsidwa - theka-wodalira, momwe mawilo pa chitsulo chogwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono kucheza ndi mzake. Komabe, pamapangidwe a magalimoto opangidwa lero, yankho lotere pakuyimitsidwa kutsogolo silikupezeka.

Zithunzi za McPherson

Chodziwika kwambiri choyimitsidwa kutsogolo ndi MacPherson strut. Woyambitsa wawo anali injiniya waku America Earl Steel MacPherson, yemwe amagwira ntchito ku General Motors. Atangotha ​​nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, iye patenting chitsanzo kuyimitsidwa Chevrolet Kadet kutsogolo. Pambuyo pake nyumbayi inatchedwa dzina lake.

Olankhula MacPherson amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika, ngakhale ophatikizika. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, iwo ndi opambana kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndi njira yodziwika bwino yothetsera kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo.

Mu yankho ili, kasupe amayikidwa pa chotsitsa chododometsa, ndipo pamsonkhano wotere amapanga chinthu chokhazikika. Damper imagwira ntchito pano osati ngati damper ya vibration. Imatsogoleranso gudumu polumikiza pamwamba pa chiwongolero (gawo la kuyimitsidwa) ndi thupi. Zonsezi zimachitika m'njira yoti chotsitsa chodzidzimutsa chizitha kuzungulira mozungulira.

Werenganinso Shock absorbers - momwe ndi chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuwasamalira. Wotsogolera 

Mbali yapansi ya chiwongolero chowongolera, m'malo mwake, imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mkono wodutsa, womwe umakhala ngati chinthu chowongolera, i.e. ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa khalidwe la galimoto pamene ngodya.

Pali zabwino zambiri zogwiritsa ntchito MacPherson struts. Kuphatikiza pa kukhala wocheperako komanso wopepuka, kapangidwe kameneka kalinso kothandiza kwambiri. Zimatsimikiziranso kukhazikika kwa braking ndi chiwongolero chofananira ngakhale kuyenda kwakukulu koyimitsidwa. Ndiwotchipa kupanga.

Palinso kuipa. Choyipa chachikulu ndikufalikira kwa kugwedezeka kwakukulu kuchokera pansi ndikugogoda kuchokera ku chiwongolero. MacPherson struts amachepetsanso kugwiritsa ntchito matayala ambiri. Kuonjezera apo, samalekerera mawilo osayenerera bwino, omwe amatuluka m'mphepete mwake omwe amamveka bwino m'nyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mawonekedwe osakhwima, omwe amatha kuwonongeka akagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo otsika kwambiri.

Kuyimitsidwa kwamitundu yambiri

Mtundu wachiwiri komanso wodziwika bwino wa kuyimitsidwa pa chitsulo chapatsogolo ndi kuyimitsidwa kwamitundu yambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'magalimoto apamwamba, komwe kumatsindika kwambiri kuyendetsa galimoto.

Monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuzira, kuyimitsidwa kwamalumikizidwe angapo kumakhala ndi zida zonse zoyimitsidwa: zotalika, zopingasa, zopindika ndi ndodo.

Maziko a mapangidwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mkono wotsatira pansi ndi ndodo ziwiri zopingasa. Chotsitsa chododometsa chokhala ndi kasupe chimamangiriridwa kumunsi kwa mkono wa rocker. Kuphatikiza apo, unit iyi imakhalanso ndi chikhumbo chapamwamba. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndikuonetsetsa kuti zala zala zala zala ndi camber zikusintha pang'ono momwe zingathere chifukwa cha kusintha kwa katundu wa galimoto ndi kayendetsedwe kake.

Onaninso kuyimitsidwa kwa coilover. Zimapereka chiyani ndipo zimawononga ndalama zingati? Wotsogolera 

Kuyimitsidwa kwamitundu yambiri kumakhala ndi magawo abwino kwambiri. Iwo amapereka zonse zolondola galimoto ndi mkulu galimoto chitonthozo. Zimathetsanso bwino zomwe zimatchedwa kuti dive.

Komabe, zovuta zazikulu za kuyimitsidwa kwamtunduwu zimaphatikizapo mapangidwe ake ovuta komanso kukonza kotsatira. Pachifukwa ichi, zothetsera zoterezi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'magalimoto okwera mtengo.

Lingaliro la makanika

Shimon Ratsevich wochokera ku Tricity:

- Ngati tifanizira ma struts a MacPherson ndi kuyimitsidwa kwamalumikizidwe angapo, ndiye kuti njira yomalizayo ndiyabwinoko. Koma popeza ili ndi zigawo zambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito pamodzi, ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri kuzikonza. Choncho, ngakhale kulephera pang'ono kwa dongosololi kuyenera kuzindikiridwa mwamsanga ndikuchotsedwa. Kulephera kutsatira izi kumabweretsanso kusinthika kwa unyolo, chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, chala cha rocker chomwe chawonongeka pamapeto pake chimayambitsa kulephera kwa mkono wonse wa rocker, zomwe zimakulitsa chitonthozo ndi chitetezo, ndikuwonjezera mtengo wokonzanso. Inde, poyendetsa galimoto, zimakhala zovuta kuzungulira maenje onse pamsewu kapena zolakwika zina. Koma ngati n’kotheka, yesetsani kusamala kuti musachulukitse kuyimitsidwa mopanda chifukwa. Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tiyendetse bwino anthu otchedwa apolisi onama. Nthawi zambiri ndimaona madalaivala ambiri akugonjetsa zopinga zimenezi mosasamala. 

Wojciech Frölichowski