SDA RF 2020. Chiyambi.
1.1. Malamulo Enieni Achilengedwe 2020** kukhazikitsa dongosolo logwirizana lamagalimoto
kudera lonse la Russian Federation (RF). Malamulo ena amsewu akuyenera
khalani kutengera zofunikira za Malamulowo osati kuwatsutsa.** Pambuyo pake, Malamulo.
1.2. Malingaliro ndi mawu otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'Malamulo:
"Msewu" - msewu wokhala ndi chikwangwani 5.1 ** ndi kukhala ndi for
mbali iliyonse yoyenda, mayendedwe agalimoto olekanitsidwa wina ndi mnzake ndi mzere wogawa (ndipo ngati
kusakhalapo - chotchinga msewu), popanda mphambano pamlingo womwewo ndi misewu ina, njanji
kapena njanji, njira zoyenda pansi kapena njinga.
** Kuyambira pano, kuwerengetsa kwa zikwangwani zapanjira kumaperekedwa malinga ndi Zakumapeto 1 (Zizindikiro Zamumsewu).
"Sitima yapamsewu" -galimoto yolumikizidwa ndi ngolo
(ma trailer).
"Njinga" - galimoto, osati chikuku, amene
Ali ndi mawilo osachepera awiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu zamphamvu za anthu,
yomwe ili pagalimoto iyi, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito ma pedal kapena ma handles, komanso itha kutero
khalani ndi mota wamagetsi wokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri mosalekeza yopitilira katundu
0,25 kW, imangozimitsa zokha pa 25 km / h.
"woyendetsa njinga" - munthu woyendetsa njingayo.
"Msewu Wanjinga" - olekanitsidwa mwadongosolo ndi msewu ndi
msewu womwe uli pamsewu (kapena msewu wina) wopangira oyendetsa njinga ndi
cholemba chizindikiro 4.4.1.
"Njinga zone"
- gawo lofuna kuyenda panjinga, chiyambi ndi mapeto omwe amalembedwa ndi zizindikiro 5.33.1 ndi 5.34.1.
"Driver" - munthu woyendetsa galimoto,
dalaivala wotsogoza paketi, wokwera kapena ng'ombe panjira. Dalaivala amafananitsidwa ndi maphunziro
kuyendetsa.
"Kuyimitsa mokakamiza" - kuyimitsa kuyenda kwagalimoto
chifukwa cha kusowa kwake kwaukadaulo kapena zoopsa zomwe zatulutsidwa, momwe dalaivala alili
(wokwera) kapena chopinga panjira.
"Galimoto ya Hybrid" -galimoto yomwe ili nayo
ochepera 2 osintha magetsi (ma motors) ndi 2 osiyana
(adakwera) makina osungira magetsi kuti abweretse
kuyenda kwa galimoto.
"Msewu waukulu" - msewu wokhala ndi zikwangwani 2.1, 2.3.1 - 2.3.7 kapena 5.1, malinga ndi
mokhudzana ndi njira yolumikizana (yoyandikana), kapena msewu wopaka (phula ndi simenti ya konkire,
zipangizo zamwala ndi zina zotero) poyerekeza ndi dothi, kapena msewu uliwonse wokhudzana ndi kutuluka
madera oyandikana nawo. Kukhalapo pamsewu wachiwiri nthawi isanachitike mphambano ya gawo limodzi
Kuphunzira sikumapangitsa kuti chikhale chofanana ndi mphambanoyo.
"Masana Akuthamanga Magetsi" - zida zowunikira zakunja zomwe zimapangidwira
kukonza kuwonekera kwa galimoto yosunthira kuchokera kutsogolo masana.
"Msewu" - yokhala ndi zida kapena zosinthidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda
magalimoto gawo kapena pamwamba papangidwe. Mseu umaphatikizapo
njira imodzi kapena zingapo, komanso njanji, misewu, mapewa ndi misewu yogawanitsa
ngati alipo.
"Magalimoto apamsewu" - gulu lachiyanjano chomwe chimayamba mu
njira yosunthira anthu ndi katundu kapena opanda magalimoto mumisewu.
"ngozi yapamsewu" - chochitika chomwe chimachitika munjira
kuyenda pamsewu wamagalimoto komanso kutenga nawo mbali, momwe anthu adaphedwa kapena kuvulala,
kuwononga magalimoto, nyumba, katundu, kapena kuwononga zinthu zina.
"Kuwoloka Kwanjanji" - kuwoloka msewu ndi njanji
pamlingo womwewo.
"Njira yamoto" - galimoto wamba
gwiritsani (basi, trolleybus, tram), yoyendetsera anthu mumisewu ndikuyenda
Panjira yoyikidwa ndi poyimilira.
"Makanika galimoto" - galimoto yoyendetsedwa
poyenda ndi injini. Mawuwa amagwiranso ntchito kwa mathirakitala aliwonse komanso makina oyendetsa okha.
"Mope" - Galimoto yamawilo awiri kapena atatu,
liwiro lakapangidwe kake lomwe siliposa 50 km / h, lomwe lili ndi injini yamkati
kuyaka ndi voliyumu yogwira yopitirira 50 cubic metres. cm, kapena mota wamagetsi adavotera kwambiri
mphamvu mosalekeza katundu woposa 0,25 kW ndi ochepera 4 kW. Inafanana ndi mopeds
Quads okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana.
"Njinga yamoto" - galimoto yamawilo awiri yokhala ndi mbali
ngolo kapena popanda izo, kusunthira komwe (ngati kuli kuyaka kwamkati)
kuposa 50 kiyubiki mita masentimita kapena liwiro lalikulu la kapangidwe (ndi injini iliyonse) limaposa 50 km / h. KU
njinga zamoto ndizofanana ndi njinga zamoto, komanso ma quadricycle okhala ndi mpando wa njinga yamoto kapena chogwirira
mtundu wa njinga yamoto, wokhala ndi cholemetsa chosapitirira 400 kg (550 kg yonyamula
Njira zomwe zimapangidwira kunyamula katundu) osaganizira kuchuluka kwa mabatire (pankhani yamagetsi
magalimoto), ndi mphamvu yayikulu yogwira ntchito yoposa 15 kW.
"Local" - malo omangidwa, zolowera zomwe ndi zotulukamo
zomwe zalembedwa ndi zizindikiro 5.23.1 - 5.26.
"Kusawoneka bwino" - mawonekedwe a msewu ndi ochepera 300 m mumikhalidwe
nkhungu, mvula, chipale chofewa, ndi zina zotero, ndipo nthawi yamadzulo.
"Kupitilira" - patsogolo pagalimoto imodzi kapena zingapo,
yolumikizidwa ndikulowera munjira (mbali ya njira yamagalimoto) yomwe cholinga chake ndi kubwera kwamagalimoto, ndipo
kubwerera motsatira njira yomwe kale munali (mbali yamagalimoto).
"Njira" - gawo lamsewu woyandikana ndi msewu wamagalimoto
pamlingo womwewo nayo, mosiyana ndi mtundu wophimba kapena wowunikiridwa pogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha 1.2
amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa, kuyimitsa ndi kuyimika molingana ndi Malamulo Amtundu wa 2020 waku Russia (RF).
"Maphunziro Oyendetsa" - wogwira ntchito yophunzitsa m'bungwe lomwe limagwira ntchito zamaphunziro ndikukhazikitsa mapulogalamu ophunzitsira oyendetsa magalimoto amagulu oyenerera ndi magawo, omwe kuyenerera kwake kumakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa m'mabuku ofotokozera oyenerera ndi (kapena) miyezo yaukadaulo (ngati ilipo ), kuphunzitsa kuyendetsa galimoto.
"kuphunzira kuyendetsa galimoto" - munthu yemwe, malinga ndi ndondomeko yokhazikitsidwa, amaphunzitsidwa ntchito zoyenera m'bungwe lomwe limagwira ntchito zamaphunziro ndikukhazikitsa mapulogalamu oyambira oyendetsa magalimoto am'magulu ofunikira ndi magawo, omwe ali ndi luso loyendetsa galimoto ndipo amadziwa bwino zofunikira za Malamulo.
"Kuwoneka kochepa" - mawonekedwe a dalaivala akuyenda pamsewu
kuchuluka kwamagalimoto pamalopo, magawo amisewu, zomera,
nyumba, nyumba kapena zinthu zina, kuphatikizapo magalimoto.
"Ngozi pa traffic" - zomwe zidachitika pamsewu
mayendedwe omwe kupitiriza kwa mayendedwe mbali yomweyo komanso liwiro lomwelo kumabweretsa chiwopsezo
zochitika za ngozi yapamsewu.
"Katundu Woopsa" - zinthu, mankhwala kuchokera kwa iwo, mafakitale ndi zinyalala zina
zochitika zachuma zomwe, chifukwa cha zinthu zawo, zitha kuwopseza
moyo ndi thanzi la anthu, kuwononga chilengedwe, kuwononga kapena kuwononga chuma.
"Patsogolo" - kuyenda kwagalimoto pa liwiro lalikulu kuposa
liwiro la galimoto yodutsa.
“Mayendedwe olinganizidwa a gulu la ana” - mayendedwe m'basi yosagwirizana nayo
galimoto yoyenda, gulu la ana a anthu 8 kapena kupitilira apo, yochitika popanda iwo
makolo kapena oimira ena alamulo.
"Organized transport convoy" - gulu la atatu kapena kuposa
magalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu motsatizana mseu womwewo
kuyenda ndi nyali zonse limodzi ndi galimoto yamutu ndi
pamalo akunja okhala ndi mapangidwe amtundu wapadera ndi ma beacon owala
mitundu yabuluu ndi yofiira.
"Mndandanda wamapazi okonzedwa" - gulu la anthu osankhidwa malinga ndi ndime 4.2 ya Malamulo, kusuntha pamodzi mumsewu umodzi
malangizo.
"Imani" - kuyimitsa mwadala kuyenda kwagalimoto
kwa mphindi 5, komanso kupitilira apo, ngati kuli kofunikira kukwera kapena kutsika okwera kapena
kutsegula kapena kutsitsa galimoto.
"Safety Island" - chiwongolero cha njira,
kugawa misewu (kuphatikizapo misewu ya oyendetsa njinga),
komanso misewu ndi njanji, zolekanitsidwa bwino
kukhotetsa pamsewu wapagalimoto kapena chizindikiro
njira zamakono zoyendetsera magalimoto ndi
lakonzedwa kuti liyimitse oyenda pansi podutsa munjira yamagalimoto
misewu. Chilumba chachitetezo chitha kuphatikizira kugawa
njira yomwe oyenda pansi amayikidwa.
"Pangani magalimoto (malo oimika magalimoto)" - zolembedwa mwapadera ndi
malo okhala ndi zida zofunikira, omwe alinso mbali ya mseu ndi
(kapena) moyandikira mayendedwe a (kapena) msewu, phewa, modutsa kapena mlatho kapena kukhala gawo la
malo ochepera kapena otsika-mlatho, mabwalo ndi zinthu zina zam'misewu, nyumba,
nyumba kapena nyumba zomwe zimapangidwira kuyimitsa magalimoto pamalipiro
pamaziko kapena osalipiritsa chindapusa malinga ndi lingaliro la mwiniwake kapena mwiniwake wa mseu wamagalimoto,
Mwini malo kapena mwini gawo lolingana la nyumbayo, kapangidwe kake.
"Okwera" - munthu, osati dalaivala, amene ali m'galimoto
(pa iyo), komanso munthu amene amalowa mgalimoto (amakhala) kapena kutuluka
galimoto (imatsika).
"Panjira" - malo a mphambano, mphambano kapena nthambi za misewu
mulingo umodzi, wochepetsedwa ndi mizere yongoyerekeza yolumikizana motsatana, ambiri
Kutali pakati pa mphambano, kuyambika kwa kayendedwe ka mayendedwe. Atuluka ku
madera oyandikana nawo.
"Kumanganso" - kusiya njira yomwe anthu amakhalamo kapena mizere yotanganidwa
kusunga kayendedwe koyambirira koyenda.
"Woyenda pansi" - munthu amene ali kunja kwa galimoto pamsewu, kapena
pa oyenda pansi kapena panjinga ndipo sagwira ntchito pa iwo. Anthu oyenda pansi amafanananso
anthu oyenda pama wheelchair, kuyendetsa njinga, moped, njinga yamoto, kunyamula
sleds, ngolo, mwana kapena olumala, komanso masiketi oyenda,
scooter ndi njira zina zofananira.
"Njira" - yokhala ndi zida kapena zosinthidwa kuti ziziyenda
malo oyenda pansi kapena mawonekedwe oyimilira, olembedwa ndi chikwangwani 4.5.1.
"Zone oyenda pansi" - malo osungira anthu oyenda pansi,
chiyambi ndi mathero omwe amadziwika ndi zikwangwani 5.33 ndi 5.34.
“Njira ya oyenda pansi ndi njinga (njira yanjinga)” -
msewu wopangidwa mosiyana ndi njira yamagalimoto (kapena msewu wina), wopangidwira
mayendedwe opatukana kapena olowa a okwera njinga okhala ndi oyenda pansi ndipo amakhala ndi zikwangwani 4.5.2 - 4.5.7.
"Njira" - mayendedwe amtundu uliwonse wamsewu wamagalimoto,
osindikizidwa kapena osasindikizidwa ndi zolemba ndikukhala ndi m'lifupi kokwanira kuyenda kwamagalimoto m'modzi
mzere.
"Njira yanjinga" - njira yopita kumalo osungira
для движения на велосипедах и мопедах, отделенная от остальной проезжей
mbali zokhala ndi zilembo zopingasa komanso zolembedwa chizindikiro 5.14.2
"Advantage (choyambirira)" - ufulu woyendetsa galimoto poyamba
malangizo omwe akufuna kulumikizidwa ndi ena ogwiritsa ntchito misewu.
"Tiyeni" - chinthu choyima mumsewu (cholakwika kapena
galimoto yowonongeka, chilema choyendetsa, zinthu zakunja, ndi zina zambiri), zomwe sizimalola
pitilizani kuyendetsa pamsewu uwu.
Palibe chopinga ndi kuchuluka kwamagalimoto kapena galimoto yomwe imayimitsidwa pamsewu uwu
malinga ndi zofunikira za Malamulo.
"Dera lozungulira" - malo omwe ali pafupi ndi
msewu komanso osapangidwira magalimoto ambiri (mabwalo, malo okhala,
malo oimikapo magalimoto, malo opangira mafuta, mabizinesi ndi zina zotero). Kuyenda kudera loyandikana kumachitika mu
malinga ndi Malamulowa a malamulo apamtunda 2020.
"Kalavani" - galimoto yopanda injini ndi
cholinga choyenda m'sitima yamagalimoto yoyenda mwamphamvu. Mawuwa amafalikira
komanso kwa ma trailer-semi ndi ma trailling awonongeke.
"Njira" - chinthu chamsewu chofuna kuyenda
magalimoto opanda njanji.
"Kugawa mzere" - chinthu chamsewu, choperekedwa moyenera komanso
(kapena) pogwiritsa ntchito zilembo 1.2, kulekanitsa mayendedwe oyandikira, komanso njira yamagalimoto ndi tramway osati
lakonzedwa kuyenda ndi kuimitsa magalimoto.
“Kulemera kololedwa” - kuchuluka kwa galimoto yokhala ndi zida
amatanthauza ndi katundu, dalaivala ndi okwera, okhazikitsidwa ndi wopanga monga
pazipita kololeka. Kukula kovomerezeka kovomerezeka kwa magalimoto, ndiye kuti
kuphatikiza ndi kusuntha kwathunthu, kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe onyamulidwa
ndalama zophatikizidwa.
"Adjuster" - munthu wololedwa kutero
kuwongolera kuchuluka kwamagalimoto ogwiritsa ntchito zikwangwani zokhazikitsidwa ndi Malamulo a Msewu 2020, komanso mwachindunji
kukwaniritsa lamuloli. Woyang'anira magalimoto ayenera kukhala yunifolomu komanso / kapena akhale
chizindikiro chosiyana ndi zida. Olamulira akuphatikizapo apolisi ndi magalimoto ankhondo.
kuyendera, komanso ogwira ntchito yokonza misewu, ntchito yolowera pamsewu komanso
kuwoloka bwato pochita ntchito zawo.
Owongolera amaphatikizanso anthu ovomerezeka pakati pa ogwira ntchito m'magawo achitetezo omwe amagwira ntchito zoyendera, kuwunika kowonjezera, kuwunikanso, kuyang'anira ndi (kapena) kuyankhulana kuti atsimikizire chitetezo chamayendedwe, mogwirizana ndi malamulo amsewu pamagawo amsewu akulu omwe atsimikiziridwa. ndi lamulo la Boma la Russian Federation la Julayi 18, 2016 No 686 "Pakutsimikiza kwa magawo a misewu, njanji ndi misewu yapamtunda, ma heliport, malo otsetsereka, komanso nyumba zina, zomanga, zida ndi zida zomwe zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwa ma transport complex, omwe ndi zinthu zoyendetsera ntchito".
"Poyimitsa magalimoto" - kuyimitsa mwadala kuyenda kwagalimoto
nthawi yopitilira mphindi 5 pazifukwa zosagwirizana ndi kukwera kapena kutsika okwera kapena kutsitsa kapena
kutsitsa galimoto.
"Usiku" - nthawi yapakati kuyambira kumapeto kwa madzulo mpaka madzulo
m'mawa kwambiri.
"Galimoto" - chipangizo chopangidwa kuti chinyamulidwe
misewu ya anthu, katundu kapena zida zoyikidwapo.
"Panjira" - chinthu chamsewu chomwe chimapangidwira kuyenda kwa oyenda pansi ndi
moyandikira njira yamagalimoto kapena njinga, kapena olekanitsidwa ndi udzu.
"Pezani njira (osasokoneza)" - chofunika kuti
wogwiritsa ntchito misewu sayenera kuyamba, kuyambiranso kapena kupitiliza kuyenda, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
kuyendetsa kulikonse ngati kungakakamize anthu ena ogwiritsa ntchito misewu omwe akukhudzana naye
mwayi, kusintha mayendedwe kapena kuthamanga.
"Wogwiritsa ntchito msewu" - munthu amene akulandira mwachindunji
kutenga nawo mbali pakuyenda ngati dalaivala, woyenda pansi, wokwera galimoto.
"Basi yakusukulu" - galimoto yapadera (basi) yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zofunikira zamagalimoto zonyamulira ana zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo oyendetsera luso, ndipo zimakhala kapena zovomerezeka mwalamulo ndi bungwe la maphunziro a sukulu kapena bungwe la maphunziro.
"Galimoto yamagetsi" - galimoto yoyendetsedwa
magetsi oyendetsa magetsi okha komanso amalipiritsa
gwero lakunja lamagetsi.
1.3. Ogwiritsa ntchito misewu akuyenera kudziwa ndikutsatira zofunikira za Malamulo okhudzana ndi iwo,
zizindikiro zamagalimoto, zikwangwani ndi zolemba, komanso kutsatira malamulo a oyang'anira magalimoto omwe akugwira ntchito
malire a ufulu wopatsidwa kwa iwo ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwamagalimoto ndi zikwangwani zokhazikitsidwa.
1.4. Magalimoto akudzanja lamanja amakhazikitsidwa pamisewu.
1.5. Ogwiritsa ntchito misewu ayenera kuchita zinthu kuti asaike pachiwopsezo
kusuntha ndipo osavulaza.
Ndizoletsedwa kuwononga kapena kuipitsa msewu, kuchotsa,
kulepheretsa, kuwononga, kukhazikitsa mosaloledwa kwa zikwangwani za pamseu, magetsi apamtunda ndi zina zaluso
bungwe la magalimoto, kusiya zinthu panjira zomwe zimasokoneza kuyenda. Munthu amene anasokoneza
akuyenera kutenga zonse zotheka kuti athetse, ndipo ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kudzera mwa njira zomwe zilipo
awonetsetse kuti ogwiritsa ntchito misewu awuzidwa za ngoziyo ndikudziwitsa apolisi.
1.6. Anthu omwe amaphwanya Malamulo a 2020 ali ndi mlandu malinga ndi malamulo oyenera.
