Kodi magalimoto osakanizidwa amatenga kuti magetsi awo?
Ma Hybrid ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wamagalimoto obiriwira padziko lapansi. Kutchuka kwawo ndi chifukwa chotsika mtengo kwambiri - pakali pano, ma hybrids ambiri amawononga mtengo wofanana ndi dizilo wofananira ndi kasinthidwe komweko. Chifukwa chachiwiri ndichosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito - ma hybrids amawonjezera mafuta ngati galimoto ina iliyonse yoyaka mkati, ndipo samayipitsidwa potengera magetsi. Koma ngati alibe ma charger, magetsi amagetsi amawatenga kuti?
Pali matekinoloje osiyanasiyana apamsika pamsika omwe amachepetsa kapena kuthetsa kutulutsa mpweya. Magalimoto ophatikizika ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri, koma anthu omwe akufuna kuyika ndalama pagalimoto ina amathanso kusankha ma plug-in hybrids (PHEVs), magalimoto amagetsi (EVs), komanso m'maiko enanso magalimoto amafuta a hydrogen mafuta (FCVs). Ubwino wa mayankho atatuwa ndi kuthekera koyendetsa popanda mpweya. Komabe, pali zovuta zina zomwe zimayenderana nawo - magalimoto omwe amayendetsedwa ndi magetsi omwe amaperekedwa pa mains amafunikira nthawi yayitali kuti awonjezere mabatire. Sikuti aliyense ali ndi mwayi wolowera kunja kwa nyumba kapena potengera mwachangu. Magalimoto a haidrojeni amangotenga mphindi zochepa kuti adzaze ndipo amakhala ndi utali wautali kuposa magalimoto amagetsi, koma netiweki yodzaza malo ikukulabe. Zotsatira zake, magalimoto osakanizidwa adzakhalabe njira yotchuka kwambiri yoyendetsa eco kwakanthawi.
Ma Hybrid amadzikwanira okha pankhani yolipiritsa batire yomwe imapatsa mphamvu injini yamagetsi. Dongosolo la hybrid limapanga magetsi chifukwa cha njira ziwiri - kachitidwe kobwezeretsa mphamvu zama braking ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a injini yoyaka mkati.
Yoyamba imachokera ku kuyanjana kwa dongosolo la brake ndi jenereta. Dalaivala akamaponda mabuleki, mabuleki sagwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo. M'malo mwake, jenereta imayambika poyamba, yomwe imatembenuza mphamvu ya mawilo ozungulira kukhala magetsi. Njira yachiwiri yowonjezeretsanso batire ndikugwiritsa ntchito injini yamafuta. Wina angafunse - ndi ndalama zotani ngati injini yoyaka mkati imakhala ngati jenereta? Eya, dongosololi linapangidwa m’njira yoti limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zimene zimaonongeka m’magalimoto wamba. Dongosolo losakanizidwa la Toyota lapangidwa kuti lizipangitsa injini kukhala yabwino kwambiri nthawi zonse, ngakhale kuthamanga kwagalimoto kumafuna ma rev otsika kapena apamwamba. Panthawi yothamanga kwambiri, galimoto yamagetsi imatsegulidwa, yomwe imawonjezera mphamvu ndikulola dalaivala kuti afulumire pamayendedwe omwe dalaivala akufuna popanda kudzaza injini yoyaka mkati. Ngati, kumbali ina, ma RPM otsika ndi okwanira kuyendetsa galimoto, kachitidwe kake kamakhalabe injini mumtundu wake wabwino kwambiri, ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka yopita ku alternator. Chifukwa cha chithandizo ichi, injini ya petulo siidzaza, imatha pang'ono ndipo imadya mafuta ochepa.
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Ntchito yaikulu ya galimoto yamagetsi ndi kuthandizira gawo la mafuta pa nthawi ya katundu wambiri - panthawi yoyambira ndi mathamangitsidwe. M'magalimoto okhala ndi hybrid drive yonse, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito padera. Mitundu yamagetsi ya Toyota Prius ndi pafupifupi 2 km panthawi imodzi. Poyang'ana koyamba, izi sizokwanira ngati tikuganiza molakwika kuti paulendo wonse galimoto yamagetsi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamtunda waufupi, ndipo nthawi yotsalayo idzakhala yopanda ntchito. Pankhani ya Toyota hybrids, zosiyana ndizowona. Galimoto yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi nthawi zonse - kuthandizira gawo la mafuta, kapena ntchito yodziyimira pawokha. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa chakuti makina oyendetsa galimoto pafupifupi nthawi zonse amabwezeretsanso batire pogwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zomwe tafotokozazi.
Kuchita bwino kwa yankholi kwatsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso omwe anachitika posachedwa ndi University of Rome. Madalaivala 20 omwe ankayendetsa galimoto ya Priuss yatsopano ankayendetsa mtunda wa makilomita 74 kulowa ndi kuzungulira Rome kangapo pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku. Pazonse, mtunda woyenda mu phunziroli unali 2200 km. Pa avareji, magalimoto anayenda 62,5% ya njira yamagetsi yamagetsi yokha, osatulutsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Miyezo iyi inali yokwera kwambiri pamagalimoto apamzinda. Njira yosinthira mphamvu ya brake idapanga 1/3 yamagetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Prius yoyesedwa.
