Kodi ma depositi a carbon amachokera kuti mu injini?

Injini zamakono, makamaka injini za petulo, zimakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chosayenera chodziunjikira ma deposits ambiri a carbon - makamaka m'dongosolo la kudya. Chifukwa chake, patatha makilomita masauzande ambiri, mavuto amayamba. Kodi opanga injini ali ndi mlandu kapena, monga momwe amakanika ena amanenera, ogwiritsa ntchito? Zikuoneka kuti vuto ndendende pakati.

Kumveka kwa injini kumakhala kofala kwambiri zikafika pama injini amakono a jakisoni wa turbocharged petulo. Vutoli limakhudza magulu ang'onoang'ono komanso akuluakulu. Zofooka ndi zamphamvu. Zikuoneka kuti si mapangidwe okha omwe ali ndi mlandu, koma mwayi umene umapereka.

Kuyang'ana mafuta otsika

Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mafuta m'zinthu zazikulu ndikuchepetsa mutuwo momwe mungathere, ndiye kuti kuchokera ku luso lamakono, zinthu ziwiri zimawakhudza: kukula kwa injini ndi liwiro. Kukwera kwa magawo onsewa, kumapangitsa kuti mafuta azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Palibe njira ina. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwamafuta ndiko, titero kunena kwake, chifukwa cha zinthu zimenezi. Choncho, nthawi zina zimakhala zododometsa kuti galimoto yaikulu yokhala ndi injini yamphamvu kwambiri idzawotcha mafuta ochepa pamsewu waukulu kusiyana ndi galimoto yaing'ono yokhala ndi injini yaying'ono. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa choyambiriracho chikhoza kuthamanga pa liwiro lapamwamba pa liwiro lotsika la injini. Kutsika kwambiri kotero kuti coefficient iyi imathandizira kuti pakhale zotsatira zabwino zoyaka kuposa momwe injini yaing'ono imathamanga kwambiri. Kuthetsa ululu:

• mphamvu 2 l, liwiro lozungulira 2500 rpm. - kuyaka: 2 x 2500 = 5000 
• mphamvu 3 l, liwiro lozungulira 1500 rpm. - kuyaka: 3 x 1500 = 4500

Zosavuta, chabwino? 

Kubweza kungachepe m'njira ziwiri - chiŵerengero cha magiya pamafayilo ndi injini yofananira. Ngati injiniyo ili ndi torque yapamwamba pa rpm yochepa, ndiye kuti chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha gear chingagwiritsidwe ntchito chifukwa chidzakhala ndi mphamvu yoyendetsa galimotoyo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma gearbox 6-liwiro adakhala ofala pambuyo poyambitsa turbocharging mu magalimoto amafuta, komanso, mwa zina, ma compressor a geometry osiyanasiyana mu injini za dizilo.

Pali njira imodzi yokha yochepetsera mphamvu ya injiningati tikufuna kupeza torque yayikulu pama rev otsika, timagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Pochita, timalowetsa chidebecho ndi mpweya wokakamizidwa, m'malo moperekedwa mwachibadwa ndi gawo lofanana (injini yaikulu). 

Zotsatira za "pansi" mwamphamvu

Komabe, tiyeni tifike pa mfundo ya nkhaniyi. Eya, mainjiniya, pomvetsetsa bwino zomwe zili pamwambapa, adafika pakutsimikiza kuti kwaniritsani kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa pokweza ma torque pansi pa ma revs kotero konzani injini kuti pazipita zifike ngakhale asanadutse 2000 rpm. Izi ndi zomwe apeza mu injini za dizilo ndi mafuta. Zimatanthauzanso kuti lero - mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa mafuta - magalimoto ambiri amatha kuyendetsedwa bwino popanda kupitirira 2500 rpm. ndipo nthawi yomweyo kupeza mphamvu zokhutiritsa. Amakhala ndi "pansi" amphamvu, ndiye kuti, torque yayikulu pamayendedwe otsika, kotero kuti zida zachisanu ndi chimodzi zitha kuchitidwa kale pa 60-70 km / h, zomwe poyamba zinali zosatheka. 

Madalaivala ambiri amasuntha molingana ndi izi, motero amasuntha magiya kale, akuwona bwino kutsogolo kwa dispenser. Zotumiza zokha zimakonzedwa kuti zisunthike mwachangu momwe zingathere. Zotsatira zake? Kuyaka kolakwika kwa osakaniza mu silinda chifukwa cha kuyaka kwa nsonga, kutentha kwakuya kotsika komanso chifukwa cha jekeseni wachindunji, ma valve samatsukidwa ndi mafuta ndipo mwaye amaunjikana. Pamodzi ndi izi, kuyaka kosazolowereka kumapitirira, popeza mpweya ulibe "woyera" ukuyenda kudzera mumtsinje wakumwa, kuyaka kwamoto kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimabweretsanso kudzikundikira kwa mwaye.

Zinthu zina

Tiyeni tiwonjezere pa izi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse kwa magalimoto ndi kupezeka kwawonthawi zambiri, m'malo moyenda 1-2 km wapansi, panjinga kapena pa basi, timakwera galimoto. Injini imatentha kwambiri komanso imakhazikika. Popanda kutentha koyenera, ma depositi a kaboni ayenera kumangika. Kuthamanga kochepa ndi kusowa kwa kutentha komwe kumafunidwa sikulola injini kuchotsa ma deposits a carbon mwachibadwa. Chifukwa chake, pambuyo pa 50 Km, nthawi zina mpaka 100 Km, injini imasiya kutulutsa mphamvu zonse ndipo imakhala ndi vuto ndi ntchito yosalala. Dongosolo lonse lodyera liyenera kutsukidwa, nthawi zina ngakhale ndi ma valve.

Koma si zokhazo. Inter-mafuta ntchito ndi moyo wautali utumiki iwo alinso ndi udindo wa kudzikundikira kwa carbon deposits. Mafuta akamakalamba, samayendetsa bwino injini, m'malo mwake, tinthu tating'ono tamafuta timakhazikika mkati mwa injini. Utumiki uliwonse wa 25-30 km umakhala wochuluka kwambiri kwa injini yokhala ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono, dongosolo lopaka mafuta lomwe lingathe kusunga malita 3-4 okha a mafuta. Nthawi zambiri, mafuta akale amayambitsa kugwira ntchito kolakwika kwa lamba wanthawizomwe zimangoyenda pamafuta a injini. Izi zimabweretsa kutambasula kwa unyolo ndipo, chifukwa chake, kusuntha pang'ono kwa magawo ogawa gasi, motero kuyaka kosayenera kwa osakaniza. Ndipo tikufika poyambira. Gudumu lopenga ili ndizovuta kuyimitsa - awa ndi ma injini, ndipo timawagwiritsa ntchito. Phindu la izi ndi mwaye.

Motero, Kuyika kwa carbon mu injini kumachokera ku:

• "Ozizira" mode - mtunda waufupi, liwiro lotsika
• jekeseni wamafuta mwachindunji - palibe kutulutsa mafuta kwa mavavu olowera
• kuyaka kosayenera - katundu wambiri pa liwiro lotsika, kuipitsidwa kwamafuta a mavavu, kutambasula kwa unyolo wanthawi
• nthawi yayitali kwambiri yosinthira mafuta - kukalamba kwamafuta ndi kudzikundikira dothi mu injini
• mafuta apamwamba