Kuchokera ku Toyota HiLux kupita ku Volkswagen Beetle ndi Citroen DS: magalimoto akale a petulo ndi dizilo omwe ali okhwima kuti asinthe EV

Volkswagen Beetle yoyambirira ndi imodzi mwamagalimoto akale angapo omwe ndi abwino kusinthira kukhala galimoto yamagetsi.

Imodzi mwamitu yomwe ikukula mwachangu kuzungulira CarsGuide ndi kukweza galimoto yamagetsi. Ndipo monga gawo la izo, pali mkangano wathanzi pakusintha magalimoto oyendetsedwa mwachizolowezi kukhala amagetsi.

Anthu mamiliyoni ambiri adawona Harry ndi Meghan akupita ku ukwati wawo mu Jaguar E-Type yomwe idasinthidwa kukhala galimoto yamagetsi, ndipo zoulutsira nkhani ndi intaneti zili ndi nkhani za kutembenuka kwa EV.

Koma ndi magalimoto ati abwino oti mutembenuzire tsopano? Kodi pakhala chizolowezi kapena pali galimoto iliyonse wamba yakupsa kuchoka ku ULP kupita ku Volts?

Ngati mukuganiza zosintha galimoto yanu kukhala galimoto yamagetsi, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingapangitse moyo wanu kukhala wosavuta.

Ngakhale mwaukadaulo galimoto iliyonse imatha kusinthidwa, ena ali ndi mwayi. Kwenikweni, awa ndi magalimoto osavuta komanso okhala ndi makina ochepera omwe amafunikira kumangidwanso posinthira kumagetsi.

Mwachitsanzo, galimoto yopanda chiwongolero chamagetsi komanso mabuleki amphamvu idzakhala yosavuta kubwezera chifukwa simudzadandaula ndi pampu yowongolera mphamvu (yomwe idayendetsedwa ndi lamba pa injini mu mawonekedwe agalimoto) kapena chilimbikitso choboola angagwiritse ntchito vacuum kuchokera ku injini yoyaka moto). Inde, pali njira zina zowonjezerera mabuleki ndi chiwongolero, koma zimafuna ma motors amagetsi ambiri ndikuyimira kukhetsa kwina pamabatire osinthidwa agalimotoyo.

Palinso zifukwa zomveka kusankha galimoto popanda ABS mabuleki ndi airbag kachitidwe, monga izi ndithudi kukhala kovuta kwambiri kuphatikizira mu galimoto yomalizidwa. Apanso, izi zikhoza kuchitika, koma kulemera kowonjezera kwa mabatire a galimoto yotembenuzidwa kungasinthe zomwe zimadziwika kuti siginecha ya ngozi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma airbags a katundu asakhale ogwira mtima kuposa momwe angakhalire. Ndipo galimoto iliyonse yomwe idayambitsidwa ndi machitidwewa zingakhale zosatheka kulembetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwalamulo popanda iwo. Kupulumutsa dziko lapansi pachiwopsezo sichabwino konse. Musaiwale kuti injiniya wovomerezeka adzafunika kusaina pakusintha kulikonse kwa EV musanayambe kuyenda. Kampani yanu ya inshuwaransi imathanso kukupatsani malangizo.

Kusankha galimoto yopepuka yoyambira nakonso ndi lingaliro labwino. Mabatirewa adzawonjezera kulemera kwakukulu kwa chinthu chomaliza, kotero ndizomveka kumamatira ndi ma CD opepuka. Kulemera kowonjezera kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zoonekeratu pa ntchito ya galimoto, koma zidzakhudzanso mtunduwo.

Palinso sukulu yolimba yamalingaliro yomwe ikuwonetsa kuti mawonekedwe osavuta a drivetrain amapambananso. Makamaka, galimoto yokhala ndi magudumu awiri, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kunyamula galimoto yatsopano yamagetsi ndikusamutsa mphamvu zake pansi. Kutumiza kwapamanja kudzagwiranso ntchito, monga ma torque converter automatic transmission imafuna injini yagalimoto kuti ipange mphamvu ya hydraulic yoyenera. Kumeneko ndiko kutaya mphamvu kwina, ndipo popeza galimoto yamagetsi imangofunika giya imodzi, kutumizirana mauthenga ndikowononga ndalama zolipirira ndi magetsi.

Tsopano, ngati mutenga zinthu zonsezi, msewu wopita ku galimoto yomwe imayenera kusinthidwa kukhala magetsi amangotsogolera njira imodzi: magalimoto akale. Magalimoto akale amakhala ndi kuphweka komanso mawonekedwe aukadaulo omwe otembenuza amawafuna, kuphatikiza kulemera kopepuka komanso kuyendetsa mawilo awiri.

Ili ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka magalimoto ophatikizika kapena akale. A tingachipeze powerenga ndi chiyambi kwambiri chifukwa ndi theka mwayi kusunga mtengo wake pa zaka. Kutembenuka kwa EV sikutsika mtengo, koma ngati mutha kuchepetsa mtengo wocheperako wamtengo wagalimoto, mumapambana. Kutembenuza galimoto yapamwamba sikuwononga ndalama zambiri kuposa kukonzanso galimoto yotsika mtengo, ndipo pamapeto pake mumapeza ndalama komanso gwero lalikulu lachisangalalo ndi kukhutira.

Ndi chinthu ichi cha ndalama chomwe sichimaphatikizapo kukonzanso zida zamakono zamagalimoto. Kungoganiza kuti ngakhale kutembenuka kosavuta kumawononga $ 40,000 ndikukwera, mutangotenga mapaketi a batri (ndikuchita nokha), kutembenuza kunena kuti Mazda CX-5 kukhala yamagetsi ndikumaliza ndi SUV yomwe tsopano ili ndi ngongole ya $ 50,000 sikukupanga nzeru. ganizirani kuti tsopano mutha kugula galimoto yamagetsi ya Nissan Leaf yomwe yakonzeka kupita ndipo yovomerezeka kwathunthu kuyendetsa ndalama zosakwana $20,000.

Chotsatira kwa ife ndikukupatsani mndandanda wamagalimoto omwe amamveka bwino - mwandalama komanso mwazochitika - ngati ofuna kutembenuka. The mfundo ndi wokongola losavuta; galimoto yomwe ili yosavuta kuisintha, ndi galimoto yomwe sinakhalepo kapena kufa chifukwa cha machitidwe kapena chikhalidwe cha injini yake. Popanda chigamulo chilichonse, zingakhale zolakwika kuti tisinthe Ferrari V12 yoyendetsedwa ndi rotary kapena Mazda RX-7 kukhala magetsi, chifukwa injini za magalimoto onsewa zinali zofunika kwambiri kwa khalidwe ndi kukopa kwa magalimotowa. Nanga bwanji akale akale? Eya, osati kwambiri ...

Volkswagen yozizidwa ndi mpweya (1950s-1970s)

Magalimoto awa adzikhazikitsa kale ngati njira yosinthira yosankha ambiri, otembenuza ambiri a EV. Mechanically, iwo ali ndi buku kufala, kumbuyo gudumu pagalimoto, lonse masanjidwe ndi kuphweka kuti moyo wa Converter mosavuta.

Kaya mumasankha Chikumbu, Kombi yakale, kapena Type 3, onse ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndipo onse ndi opepuka poyambira. Ndipo ngakhale injini yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweyayi ili ndi mafani ake, galimoto yamagetsi yosinthidwa ya VW idzakhala ndi mphamvu pafupifupi katatu kuposa momwe imachitira petulo yakale. M'malo mwake, injiniya angafunikire kukweza mabuleki kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera bwino. Ndipo kupatsidwa momwe msika wa ma VW akale ukusunthira, simudzataya ndalama pamalonda ngati muyenera kugulitsa.

Citroen ID/DS (kuyambira 1955 mpaka 1975)

Citroen yowoneka bwino idasintha momwe dziko lapansi limawonera magalimoto pomwe idatulutsidwa chapakati pa 50s. Wojambula wake anali Flaminio Bertone, wopanga mafakitale komanso wosema. Galimotoyo idagundidwa nthawi yomweyo ndipo ikuwonetsedwabe m'gulu la akatswiri opanga magalimoto akuluakulu.

Koma ngati panali chinthu chimodzi chomwe chinagwetsa Citroen, chinali chakuti sinapeze injini yoyenerera. M'malo mwa V6 yowoneka bwino, yoyengedwa, idakhala ndi injini ya silinda anayi yogwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera kumitundu yam'mbuyomu. Inali injini yabwino, koma palibe amene adasokoneza makina opangira magetsi ndi makhalidwe abwino a DS.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa hydropneumatic yamagalimoto ndi mabuleki kumabweretsa chopinga chaching'ono kuti chisinthe kukhala galimoto yamagetsi, popeza injini yachiwiri yamagetsi imafunika kukakamiza dongosolo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtundu wa ID wocheperako pang'ono, wokhala ndi ma braking system ndi chiwongolero chamanja, ndi chisankho chanzeru. Mulimonsemo, mupeza zotsatira zomaliza.

Land Rover (kuyambira 1948 mpaka 1978)

Tikukamba za Land Rover yapasukulu yakale, kuphatikiza mapanelo a aluminiyamu amthupi, ganyu yamagudumu anayi, ndi chithumwa cha rustic. Yopangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pa chilichonse chomwe mlimi wa ku Britain angafunikire pambuyo pa nkhondo, kukongola kwa Land Rover yoyambirira kwagona mu kuphweka kwake.

Sikuti ndi galimoto yamasewera, ndipo ngakhale masana, kuthamanga kwa injini yamasilinda anayi opangidwa modabwitsa kunali kwabwinoko kuposa kuyenda. Nanga bwanji osasiya izi ndikupanga Landy yamagetsi yomwe idzakhala ndi zochitika zenizeni padziko lapansi m'zaka za zana la 21?

Kapangidwe kagawo ka magudumu anayi ndiye pomatira pano, koma ndi mtundu woyambira kwambiri wama wheel drive ndipo pali malo ambiri opangira mainjiniya. Pakadali pano, ili ndi malo okwanira kukhazikitsa mabatire ndi owongolera popanda kusokoneza magwiridwe ake kwambiri. Mwina vuto lalikulu lidzakhala kupeza ma axles omwe amatha kunyamula ma torque a galimoto yamagetsi, popeza anali chidendene choyambirira cha Land Rover Achilles. Ndipo tikubetcha kuti, ndi matayala oyenera, zitha kusokoneza ma SUV amakono ambiri.

Toyota Hilux (kuyambira 1968 mpaka 1978)

Mutha kusintha HiLux ndi SUV iliyonse yaku Japan, koma umwini wa Toyota wazinthu izi zikutanthauza kuti zina zikadali zabwino. Chida chaching'ono cha ku Japan chimatilimbikitsa pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana: ndizopepuka, zotsika mtengo, ndipo zimapereka malo ambiri a mabatire. Inde, mudzapereka malo onyamula katundu, koma pokulolani kuti mugwirizane ndi mabatire olemera pakati pa ma axles (zomwe sizingatheke nthawi zonse), galimoto yaying'ono imakhala loto.

Matanthwewa analinso osavuta modabwitsa. Zochepa chabe ndipo Toyota sakanatha kuwatcha magalimoto. Koma tsopano imeneyo ndi nkhani yabwino, ndipo kusowa kwachitonthozo ndi zinthu zosavuta kumatanthauza kuti HiLux EV yokhala ndi kachigawo kakang'ono pakati pa ma recharge sikhala tsoka lotere; mudzatopa zisanathe.

Koma kodi galimoto yaing'ono ya ku Japan yoyambirira ndi yachikale kapena ya otolera? M'mabwalo oyenera, mutha kubetcha.

Deer Wopambana (kuyambira 1970 mpaka 1978)

The Stag nthawi zambiri imatengedwa ngati galimoto yokongola. Zinali ndi mizere yapamwamba ya mapangidwe ena a Michelotti, koma mwanjira ina adatha kuwoneka bwino kuposa ma sedan anzake. Koma ambiri (makamaka makaniko) adamudzudzula chifukwa chosapanga bwino injiniyo, chifukwa chomwe amatha kutenthetsa pakupsa mtima pang'ono. Izi zitachitika, mitu ya aluminiyamu yamphamvu idapindika ndipo ndalama zambiri zidayamba kusintha manja.

Ndiye bwanji osachotsa chinthu chimodzi chomwe chidapangitsa Stag kukhala choseketsa ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ake, kudalirika komanso chidwi chonse pakuchitapo? Kumene. M'malo mwake, eni ake a Stag akhala akusintha magalimoto awo kuti akhale ndi injini zabwino, zodalirika zamafuta kwazaka zambiri, kotero kusinthira ku magalimoto amagetsi sikuyenera kukhumudwitsa anthu ambiri.

Ngakhale kuti ili ndi mapazi abwino, Stag si makina akuluakulu, kotero kunyamula mabatire ndi owongolera kungakhale vuto lalikulu. Mphuno ina ya Stag ikhoza kukhala kupeza chitsanzo chokhala ndi njira yotumizira mwachisawawa, chifukwa chimenecho chingakhale kutembenuka kosavuta. Koma mukamvetsetsa izi, mudzakhala ndi roadster yachigololo yomwe imachita momwe imakhalira nthawi zonse, koma yosagwira ntchito. Mudzakhalanso ndi Stag yokhayo padziko lapansi yomwe simatulutsa mafuta.