Main nkhondo thanki M60
M60A3 ndiye mtundu womaliza wopangidwa asanakhazikitsidwe akasinja akuluakulu ankhondo a M1 Abrams omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pano. M60A3 inali ndi laser rangefinder ndi kompyuta yozimitsa moto ya digito.
Pa Januwale 14, 1957, Komiti Yogwirizanitsa ya Gulu Lankhondo la US la US Army idalimbikitsa kuwunikiranso za chitukuko cha tanki chamtsogolo. Patatha mwezi umodzi, Chief of Staff of the US Army, General Maxwell D. Taylor, adakhazikitsa Gulu Lapadera la Zida Zankhondo Zam'tsogolo kapena Magalimoto Ofanana - ARCOVE, i.e. gulu lapadera lothandizira tanki yamtsogolo kapena galimoto yomenyera yofananira.
Mu Meyi 1957, gulu la ARCOVE lidalimbikitsa kuti akasinja azikhala ndi zida zowombera pambuyo pa 1965, ndipo kugwira ntchito pamfuti wamba kunali kochepa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mitundu yatsopano ya zida zankhondo zoponyera zida zoponyedwa zimayenera kupangidwa, ntchito pa akasinja pawokha iyeneranso kuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga njira yowongolera moto yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito usana ndi usiku, kuteteza magalimoto okhala ndi zida ndi zida zankhondo. chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito.
Kuyesera kumodzi kuwonjezera mphamvu yamoto ya M48 Patton kunali kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mfuti zomwe zimayikidwa mu turrets zosinthidwa. The chithunzi limasonyeza T54E2, anamanga pa galimotoyo wa thanki M48, koma zida ndi American 140 mamilimita T3E105 mizinga, amene Komabe, sanapite kupanga.
Mu Ogasiti 1957, General Maxwell D. Taylor adavomereza pulogalamu yatsopano yopangira thanki yomwe ingakhazikitsidwe kwambiri ndi malingaliro a ARCOVE. Mpaka 1965, magulu atatu a akasinja anayenera kusungidwa (ndi 76 mm, 90 mm ndi 120 mamilimita zida, i.e. kuwala, sing'anga ndi olemera), koma pambuyo 1965 magalimoto opepuka kwa asilikali airborne ayenera kukhala ndi MBT okha. Sitima yayikulu yomenyera nkhondo idayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira oyenda pamagalimoto oyenda ndikuyenda bwino pakuzama kwa gulu lankhondo la adani, komanso gawo lamagulu ozindikira. Chifukwa chake, zidayenera kuphatikiza mawonekedwe a tanki yapakatikati (zochita zosinthika) ndi thanki yolemera (thandizo la ana), ndi thanki yowunikira (ntchito zowunikira ndi kuyang'anira) idayenera kulowa m'mbiri, ndikusinthidwa ndi gawoli. thanki yaikulu yankhondo, yomwe inali mtundu wapakatikati pakati pa zapakati ndi makina olemera. Iwo ankaganiza kuti akasinja latsopano adzakhala okonzeka ndi injini dizilo kuyambira pachiyambi.
Pakufufuza kwake, gulu la ARCOVE lidachita chidwi ndi chitukuko cha magalimoto okhala ndi zida za Soviet. Zinawonetsedwa kuti Kum'mawa Bloc sikungakhale ndi mwayi wochulukirapo kuposa asitikali akumayiko a NATO, komanso mwayi wabwino pantchito ya zida zankhondo. Pofuna kuthetsa chiwopsezochi, lingaliro linapangidwa kuti 80 peresenti. mwayi wogunda chandamale ndi kugunda koyamba, pamtunda wanthawi yayitali pakati pa akasinja. Zosankha zosiyanasiyana za akasinja omenyera zida zidalingaliridwa, nthawi ina zidalimbikitsidwa kuti akasinja azitha kunyamula mivi yolimbana ndi tanki m'malo mwa cannon yachikale. M'malo mwake, Asitikali aku US adatsata njira iyi ndikupanga Ford MGM-51 Shillelagh anti-tank system, yomwe pambuyo pake. Kuonjezera apo, chidwi chinakopeka ndi kuthekera kopanga smoothbore yomwe imawotcha projectiles ndi liwiro lalikulu loyamba, lokhazikika pambali.
Komabe, malingaliro ofunikira kwambiri anali kusiya kugawa akasinja m'makalasi. Ntchito zonse za thanki mu zida zankhondo ndi zida zankhondo zidayenera kuchitidwa ndi mtundu umodzi wa thanki, yotchedwa thanki yayikulu yankhondo, yomwe ingaphatikizepo chitetezo chamoto ndi zida za tanki yolemera ndikuyenda, kuyendetsa bwino komanso kuyendetsa bwino kwa tanki yapakatikati. . Izi ankakhulupirira kuti zotheka, monga Russian anasonyeza polenga T-54, T-55 ndi T-62 banja akasinja. Mtundu wachiwiri wa thanki, wosagwiritsidwa ntchito mocheperapo, uyenera kukhala thanki yopepuka ya asitikali oyendetsa ndege ndi magulu ozindikira, omwe amayenera kusinthidwa kuti aziyendera ndege ndi kutsika kwa parachute, motengera lingaliro la thanki. Soviet thanki PT-76, koma osati cholinga ichi, kukhala thanki amphibious, koma amatha kutera kuchokera mlengalenga. Umu ndi momwe M551 Sheridan adapangidwira, zitsanzo za 1662 zinamangidwa.
Injini yamafuta
Kusintha kwa Asitikali aku US kupita ku injini za dizilo kunali pang'onopang'ono ndipo kumayendetsedwa ndi gawo lazogulitsa, kapena makamaka, akatswiri opereka mafuta. Mu June 1956, kufufuza kwakukulu kunachitika pa injini zoyatsira moto monga njira yochepetsera mafuta m'galimoto zankhondo, koma sizinafike mpaka June 1958 pamene Dipatimenti ya Asilikali, pamsonkhano wa US Army Fuel Policy, inavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito dizilo. mafuta ku U.S. Army reverse logistics. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, ku US kunalibe kukambirana za kuyaka kwa mafuta opepuka (mafuta) komanso kuthekera kwa akasinja kuwotcha ngati kugunda. Kufufuza kwa America pakuwonongeka kwa thanki mu Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse kunasonyeza kuti poyang'ana thanki yomwe ikuyaka moto kapena kuphulika pambuyo pa kugunda, zida zake zinali zoopsa kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa zinayambitsa kuphulika ndi moto mwachindunji m'chipinda chomenyera nkhondo. kuposa kumbuyo kwa firewall.
Kupanga injini ya dizilo ya tanki ya Asitikali aku US idakhazikitsidwa ndi US Ordnance Committee kumbuyo pa February 10, 1954, potengera kuti chomera chatsopanocho chingakhale chogwirizana ndi kapangidwe ka mafuta a Continental AV-1790. injini.
Monga chikumbutso, injini yotsimikiziridwa ya AV-1790 inali injini yamafuta ya V-twin yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya yopangidwa ndi Continental Motors of Mobile, Alabama, m'ma 40. Masilinda 90 opangidwa ndi V-woboola pakati pa ngodya ya 29,361 ° anali ndi voliyumu yonse ya malita 146 okhala ndi m'mimba mwake ndi silinda ya 6,5 mm. Zinali zinayi sitiroko, carburetor chiŵerengero ndi psinjika chiŵerengero cha 1150, ndi kulimbikitsa osakwanira, masekeli (malingana ndi Baibulo) 1200-810 makilogalamu. Inapanga 2800 hp. pa XNUMX rpm. Mbali ina ya mphamvuyo inkagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi fani yoyendetsedwa ndi injini, kupereka kuziziritsa kokakamiza.
