ORP Kormoran - maloto a Navy akwaniritsidwa?
ORP Kormoran mphindi itachoka padoko loyandama momwe idakhazikitsidwa. Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Yaroslav Cislak
Pa September 4, ku Remontowa Shipbuilding shipyard ku Gdansk, Mayi Maria Karveta, mkazi wamasiye wa Commander of the Navy, Admiral of the Fleet Andrzej Karveta, yemwe anafa momvetsa chisoni pangozi ya ndege pafupi ndi Smolensk, christened prototype of the project 258 minhunter - ORP Kormoran. . Sitimayo, yomwe ndi ubongo wa admiral, idakali kutali ndi nyanja, koma lero ndi bwino kudziwa bwino nyumbayi. Izi zikuyenera kukhala maloto a gulu la gululi, lomwe mwina likuleredwa ndi aliyense yemwe wakhala akuwongolera gulu lankhondo lankhondo kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 80s ...
Sitidzayang'ana pa zoyesayesa zomwe sizinapambane zopezera omenyera migodi a zombo zathu. Nkhani yosangalatsayi tifotokoza mofala
mu imodzi mwazotulutsa za MiO. Kuti timveke bwino, tidzangowonjezera kuti dzina lachidziwitso "Kormoran" linagwiritsidwa ntchito kale pa ntchito yoyambira 256 minesweeper, polojekiti ya 257 minesweeper, ndipo tsopano - monga "Kormoran II" - imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa polojekiti 258 yomwe ikukambidwa pano.
Pulasitiki, ntchito zachitukuko, ntchito
Chiyambi cha mbiri Kormoran II unayamba kumapeto kwa 2007. Panthawiyo, Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo cha Unduna wa Zachitetezo cha National Defense (DPZ), kutengera kapangidwe kake ndi kapangidwe koyambirira kwa 257 Kormoran, yopangidwa ndi Naval Shipyard Directorate, idatengera mfundo zazikuluzikulu za pulogalamuyi, i.e. Malingaliro oyambilira aukadaulo ndiukadaulo a wowononga migodi (STMR No. 1/2008 ya June 20, 2008). Pambuyo pa izi, DPZ inayambitsa ndondomeko ya DPZ/U/19/BM/R/1.4.38/2008 yotchedwa “Modern project 258 minhunter - code name Kormoran II, Kutsimikiza kwa zongopeka (DZP) pogwiritsa ntchito zikalata zopangidwa ngati gawo la ntchitoyi. ya Kormoran” [chithunzi 257 - cholemba cha wolemba], cholengezedwa pa Meyi 6, 2009 ndi tsiku lomwe mwakonda kumaliza pa Okutobala 20, tr. Cholinga cha LAR kwa Kormoran II chinali kusonyeza kusintha komwe kumayenera kuganiziridwa pokhudzana ndi polojekiti ya 257, pamodzi ndi kuwunika kwa mphamvu za malo a dziko potsata ntchito. Kuonjezera apo, OZP inaphatikizapo kafukufuku wotheka, chomwe chinali kupanga chisankho choyenera cha zomangira za sitimayo, komanso chisonyezero cha njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera mlenje wa migodi. Zinayenera kuganizira luso laukadaulo ndi luso laopanga makontrakitala. Kuwunikaku kunali koyenera kupanga maziko opangira luso laukadaulo ndipo amayenera kumalizidwa mu kotala ya 2009 ya 2012. Kenako zimaganiziridwa kuti wowonongayo amangidwa mu XNUMX…
Pa Seputembala 21, 2009, mkulu wa DPZ adavomereza mfundo za ndondomekoyi. Malingaliro analandiridwa: consortium Centrum Techniki Okrętowej SA kuchokera ku Gdansk (CTO), Stocznia Marynarki Wojennej SA wochokera ku Gdynia (SMW) ndi OBR Centrum Techniki Morskiej SA wochokera ku Gdynia (CTM), Naval Engineering & Design NED Sp. z oo kuchokera ku Gdansk ndi PBP Enamor Sp. z oo kuchokera ku Gdynia. Wopambana anali mgwirizano womwe unapanga RFP ya PLN 251,5 zikwi. PLN mpaka 31 November 2009. Kupangidwa kwa gululi kungakhale kosonyeza kuti zinthu zomwe zimakonda zopangira chotengera zikanakhala zitsulo za paramagnetic austenitic, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa maginito komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri. Izi zinali zotsatira za zochitika zam'mbuyomu za CTM ndi zokambirana za mgwirizano ndi woyendetsa sitima ya ku Germany Lürssen pokwaniritsa ntchito ya 257. Mwinamwake panthawiyo adakonzedwa kuti apange chitsanzo chake ku Germany ndi kusamutsidwa kwa luso ku SMW ndi kupitiriza kwa mndandanda m'dziko.
Chifukwa cha kusanthula, njira zitatu za mapangidwe ndi zida za chitsanzozo zinaganiziridwa, poganizira mtengo ndi luso la zomangamanga zapanyanja ndi zakunja - kumalo osungiramo zombo zapamadzi, kunja ndi kunja kwa dziko lakunja ndikumaliza ku Poland. Opanga omwe atha kupemphedwa kuti apereke kuthekera kwawo, kuphatikiza omwe akuchokera ku Italy, Spain ndi Germany. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimasankhira kapangidwe ka sitimayo chinali kuyesa mphamvu zomwe zidachitika ndi malo ofufuza aku Poland kuti ayese kukhudzidwa kwamakina ndi kukana kuphulika kwa zida zosiyanasiyana zamapangidwe, kuphatikiza chitsulo ndi mapulasitiki (polyester-glass laminates, LPS).
Malingana ndi zotsatira za kusanthula kwaumisiri, mgwirizanowu unapereka malingaliro abwino pazitsulo za austenitic popanga chombo ndi superstructure ya sitimayo. Ndemangayi idayang'ana pazida ziwiri zazikulu zowunika matekinoloje: chitsulo cha austenitic, LPS yokhala ndi zolimba, LPS yopanda zolimba, ndi LPS laminated. Chifukwa cha kuwunika kofananira, njira zofananira zidawonetsedwa - zitsulo zopanda maginito ndi LPS zopanda zolimba, pomwe oyamba adalandira mwayi. Choncho, zipangizo zina zomwe zingatheke "zinatayika": carbon laminates, polyethylene ndi aluminium alloys, ndipo pamodzi ndi iwo ambiri opanga zombo zapadziko lonse lapansi. Zotsatira za ntchito yomwe ili pamwambayi zidawunikiridwa ndikuwunikidwa ndi Bungwe la Armaments Council of the Ministry of National Defense ndipo zidavomerezedwa, nthawi yomweyo kukhala chiwongolero cha njira zina zopezera owononga migodi kwa Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo la Poland.
Tsoka ilo, 2010 inali chaka chotayika pulogalamuyo, chifukwa panthawiyo Unduna wa Zachitetezo sunapereke ndalama zake. Mlanduwo unazengedwanso patatha chaka. Pa May 27, 2011, Tactical and Technical Regulations No. 2/2010 inavomerezedwa, ndipo pa July 29, tr. Bungwe la Armaments Inspectorate (IU) lafalitsa pempho loti asayine pangano la chitukuko cha "Modern mine hunter Kormoran II". Olemba ntchito: Remontowa Shipbuilding, SSR Gryfia SA kuchokera ku Szczecin, CTM (pamodzi ndi: SR Nauta SA kuchokera ku Gdynia, SMW ndi CTO SA kuchokera ku Gdansk), PBP Enamor Sp. z oo kuchokera ku Gdynia ndi pafupi. Malingaliro a kampani Lürssen Werft GmbH & Co. KG kuchokera ku Bremen. Kontrakitala anali kukhazikitsa: lingaliro la kukhazikitsidwa kwa mapangidwe ndi kumanga Kormoran II ndi ndondomeko ya nthawi-yachuma, kusintha kwa Draft Design potsatira kukhazikitsidwa kwa ZTT No. 2/2010 kuti akwaniritse Terms of Reference. Ntchito yokonza ndi chitukuko, komanso kugula zipangizo, zida, zida ndi zipangizo malinga ndi ZTT No. Pambuyo pake, zinali zokhudzana ndi chitukuko cha ndondomeko ya R & D, kukonzekera ndi mayendedwe a mayesero oyenerera, kupanga zombo ndi kuvomereza mayesero a prototype kuti agwirizane ndi ZTT No. Kupanga ndiyeno kuyitanitsa mbewuyo mwadongosolo lonse, komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa zolemba zaukadaulo zoperekera.
