Kufotokozera ndi momwe magwiridwe antchito a dongosolo lolamulira bata ESC

Dongosolo lolamulira bata la ESC ndi njira yamagetsi yamagetsi yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi, cholinga chake chachikulu ndikuteteza galimoto kuti isazemberedwe, ndiye kuti, kupewa kupatuka panjira yoyenda pakamayendetsa mwamphamvu. ESC ili ndi dzina lina - "dongosolo lolimba lolimba". Chidule cha ESC chimaimira Electronic Stability Control - electronic utulivu control (ESC). Kukhazikika Kothandiza ndi dongosolo lokwanira lomwe limaphatikizapo kuthekera kwa ABS ndi TCS. Tiyeni tiganizire momwe ntchitoyo imagwirira ntchito, zigawo zake zazikulu, komanso zabwino ndi zoyipa zogwirira ntchito.

Momwe dongosololi limagwirira ntchito

Tiyeni tiwone momwe ntchito ya ESC imagwirira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha ESP (Electronic Stability Program) yochokera ku Bosch, yomwe yakhazikitsidwa pamagalimoto kuyambira 1995.

Chofunikira kwambiri kwa ESP ndikuzindikira bwino nthawi yomwe kuyambika kwa zinthu zosalamulirika (zadzidzidzi). Pomwe mukuyendetsa, kayendetsedwe kabwino kameneka kamayerekezera magawo oyendetsa galimotoyo ndi zoyendetsa. Dongosololi limayamba kugwira ntchito ngati zochita za munthu amene akuyendetsa gudumu zimakhala zosiyana ndi momwe mayendedwe amgalimoto amayendera. Mwachitsanzo, kutembenukira kwakuthwa kwa chiwongolero pamtunda waukulu.

Njira yogwira chitetezo ingakhazikitse kuyenda kwa galimoto m'njira zingapo:

• mwa kuswa mawilo ena;
• kusintha kwa makokedwe a injini;
• kusintha kasinthasintha wa magudumu kutsogolo (ngati ali ndi chiwongolero yogwira);
• Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa zida zoyeserera (ngati kuyimitsidwa kokhazikika kumayikidwa).

Njira zowongolera bata sizimalola kuti galimoto ipitirire njira yokhotakhota yomwe idakonzedweratu. Ngati masensa azindikira wopondereza, ESP imabwereketsa gudumu lamkati lakumbuyo ndikusinthanso makokedwe a injini. Ngati oversteer ikupezeka, dongosololi limathyola gudumu lakunja ndikusinthasintha makokedwe.

Kuti aphwanye mawilo, ESP imagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la ABS lomwe lamangidwa. Ntchito yozungulira imaphatikizapo magawo atatu: kukulitsa kupanikizika, kupitilizabe kupanikizika, kuthana ndi zovuta mu braking system

Makina a injini amasinthidwa ndi njira yolimba yolimba motere:

• Kuletsa kusintha kwamagiya mu bokosi lamagetsi lokha;
• anaphonya jekeseni wamafuta;
• Kusintha nthawi yoyatsira;
• kusintha mbali ya fulumizitsa vavu;
• kusokoneza;
• kugawa makokedwe m'mbali mwa ma axles (pamagalimoto okhala ndi magudumu onse).

Chipangizo ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu

Kukhazikika kwa kayendetsedwe kabwino ndi kapangidwe kake kosavuta: ABS (imalepheretsa mabuleki kuti asatseke), EBD (imagawira mabuleki), EDS (imatseka kusiyanasiyana kwamagetsi), TCS (imaletsa magudumu oyenda).

Njira yokhazikika yolimba imaphatikizira masensa, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi (ECU) ndi chowongolera - gawo lama hydraulic.

Zomverera zimawunika magawo ena a kayendedwe kagalimoto ndikuzitumiza ku gawo loyang'anira. Mothandizidwa ndi masensa, ESC imawunika zochita za munthu amene akuyendetsa gudumu, komanso magawo a kayendedwe ka galimotoyo.

Makina owongolera okhazikika amagwiritsa ntchito mabuleki okakamiza ndi magudumu oyendetsa magudumu ndi magetsi oyatsa kuti awunikire momwe munthu amayendetsa. Magawo oyendetsa magalimoto amayang'aniridwa ndi masensa kuti akwaniritse mabuleki, kuthamanga kwamagudumu, kuthamanga kwamagalimoto, kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kutengera ndi chidziwitso chololedwa kuchokera ku masensa, gawo loyang'anira limapanga ma sign kwa owongolera machitidwe omwe ali gawo la ESC. Malamulo a ECU amalandira:

• odana ndi loko polowera ndi kubwereketsa mavavu;
• ma valve othamanga kwambiri
• nyali zochenjeza za ABS, ESP ndi mabuleki.

Pogwira ntchito, ECU imagwirana ndi gawo loyendetsa basi, komanso ndi injini yolamulira. Chipangizochi chimangolandira siginecha kuchokera kuzinthu izi, komanso chimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino.

Thandizani ESC

Ngati njira yokhazikika yolimba "isokoneza" dalaivala poyendetsa, ndiye kuti imatha kulumala. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala batani lodzipereka pazosankha izi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulepheretse ESC pama milandu otsatirawa:

• mukamagwiritsa ntchito gudumu laling'ono (stowaway);
• mukamagwiritsa ntchito magudumu osiyanasiyana;
• pamene akuyendetsa pa udzu, oundana m'goli, msewu, mchenga;
• pamene mukukwera ndi maunyolo achisanu;
• mukugwedezeka kwagalimoto, komwe kumamatidwa ndi chipale chofewa / matope;
• poyesa makinawo poyimirira.

Zabwino ndi zovuta za System

Tiyeni tiganizire zabwino ndi zoyipa zogwiritsa ntchito njira yolimba yokhazikika. Ubwino wa ESC:

• Zimathandiza kuyendetsa galimoto mosadukiza;
• amalepheretsa kugwedezeka kwa galimoto;
• kukhazikika kwa sitima zapamsewu;
• imaletsa kugundana.

kuipa:

• esc imafunikira kukhala olumala munthawi zina;
• Zosagwira pamathamanga othamanga ndi ma radii ang'ono otembenuka.

Ntchito

Ku Canada, USA ndi mayiko a European Union, kuyambira 2011, njira zowongolera kukhazikika ndizovomerezeka kwa magalimoto onse. Dziwani kuti mayina amachitidwe amasiyana kutengera wopanga. Chidule cha ESC chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Kia, Hyundai, Honda magalimoto; ESP (Electronic Stability Program) - pagalimoto zambiri ku Europe ndi United States; VSC (Vehicle Stability Control) pagalimoto za Toyota; DSC (Dynamic Stability Control) pa Land Rover, BMW, magalimoto a Jaguar.

Dynamic Stability Control ndiwothandiza kwambiri m'mbali mwa msewu, makamaka kwa madalaivala osadziwa zambiri. Musaiwale kuti mwayi wamagetsi nawonso ulibe malire. Njirayi nthawi zambiri imachepetsa mwayi wangozi, koma woyendetsa sayenera kukhala tcheru.