Anapulumutsa miyoyo ya mamiliyoni - Wilson Greatbatch

Iye ankatchedwa “wodzichepetsa wodzichitira wekha”. Khola losakhalitsali linali loyamba la 1958 pacemaker, chipangizo chomwe chinalola mamiliyoni a anthu kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.

Iye anabadwa pa September 6, 1919 ku Buffalo, mwana wa munthu wochokera ku England. Anatchedwa Purezidenti wa US, yemwenso anali wotchuka ku Poland, Woodrow Wilson.

SUMMARI: Wilson Greatbatch                                Tsiku ndi malo obadwira: September 6, 1919, Buffalo, New York, USA (anamwalira pa September 27, 2011)                             Nzika: Ukwati waku America: wokwatiwa, ana asanu                                Mwayi: Yakhazikitsidwa ndi woyambitsa, Greatbatch Ltd. sichinatchulidwe pa stock exchange - mtengo wake ukuyembekezeka kufika madola mabiliyoni angapo.                           Maphunziro: Cornell University State University ku New York ku Buffalo                                              Chidziwitso: ophatikiza mafoni, woyang'anira kampani yamagetsi, mphunzitsi waku yunivesite, wazamalonda Zokonda: DIY bwato

Ali wachinyamata, anayamba kuchita chidwi ndi uinjiniya wa wailesi. Pa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yokonda Dziko Lathu adagwira ntchito ya usilikali ngati katswiri wolumikizana ndi wailesi. Nkhondo itatha, anagwira ntchito yokonza matelefoni kwa chaka chimodzi, kenako anaphunzira uinjiniya wa zamagetsi ndi uinjiniya, poyamba pa yunivesite ya Cornell kenako ku yunivesite ku Buffalo, kumene analandira digiri ya master. Iye sanali wophunzira kwambiri, koma ndi chifukwa chakuti, kuwonjezera pa kuphunzira, anafunika kugwira ntchito kuti azisamalira banja lake - mu 1945 anakwatira Eleanor Wright. Ntchitoyi inamulola kuti akhale pafupi ndi zochitika zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha zamagetsi panthawiyo. Atamaliza digiri yake ya masters, adakhala manejala wa Taber Instrument Corporation ku Buffalo.

Tsoka ilo, kampaniyo sinafune kuyika pachiwopsezo ndikuyika ndalama pazinthu zatsopano zomwe idafuna kugwirirapo ntchito. Choncho anaganiza zomusiya. Anayamba ntchito zodziimira payekha pazolinga zake. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, kuyambira 1952 mpaka 1957, anakaphunzitsa kunyumba kwawo ku Buffalo.

Wilson Greatbatch anali wasayansi wokonda kwambiri yemwe adachita chidwi ndi kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi kuti tikhale ndi moyo wabwino. Anayesa zipangizo zoyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi, shuga wa m’magazi, kugunda kwa mtima, mafunde a muubongo, ndi china chilichonse chimene chingapime.

Mudzapulumutsa zikwi za anthu

Mu 1956 anali akugwira ntchito pa chipangizo chimene chimayenera kutero kujambula kugunda kwa mtima. Posonkhanitsa madera, palibe chotsutsa chomwe chinagulitsidwa, monga momwe anakonzera poyamba. Cholakwikacho chinakhala chodzaza ndi zotsatira zake, chifukwa chake chinali chipangizo chomwe chimagwira ntchito motsatira ndondomeko ya mtima wa munthu. Wilson ankakhulupirira kuti kulephera kwa mtima ndi kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ya minofu ya mtima chifukwa cha chilema chobadwa nacho kapena chopezedwa chikhoza kulipidwa ndi kugunda kochita kupanga.

Chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe timachitcha lero pacemaker, woikidwa m’thupi la wodwalayo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhezera kugunda kwa mtima mwamagetsi. Imalowa m'malo mwa pacemaker yachilengedwe, mwachitsanzo, node ya sinus, ikasiya kugwira ntchito yake kapena kusokonezeka kwa conduction kumachitika mu node ya atrioventricular.

Lingaliro la pacemaker loyikapo linabwera ku Greatbatch mu 1956, koma poyamba linakanidwa. M'malingaliro ake, mulingo wa miniaturization wamagetsi panthawiyo udaletsa kulengedwa kwa cholimbikitsa chothandiza, osatchulanso kuyiyika m'thupi. Komabe, adayamba kugwira ntchito pa miniaturization ya pacemaker ndikupanga chishango chomwe chimateteza magetsi kumadzi am'thupi.

Wilson Greatbatch ali ndi pacemaker m'manja mwake

Pa May 7, 1958, Greatbatch, pamodzi ndi madokotala pa chipatala cha Veterans Administration ku Buffalo, adawonetsa chipangizo chomwe chinachepetsedwa kufika masentimita angapo a cubic centimita omwe amatsitsimutsa mtima wa galuyo. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, anazindikira kuti si munthu yekhayo padziko lapansi amene anali kuganiza ndi kugwirira ntchito pacemaker. Panthawiyo, kafukufuku wozama pa yankholi anali kuchitika m'malo angapo aku America komanso ku Sweden.

Kuyambira pamenepo, Wilson wadzipereka yekha kuti agwire ntchito yopanga. Anawasunga m’khola la nyumba yake ku Clarence, New York. Mkazi wake Eleanor adamuthandiza pakuyesa kwake, ndipo dokotala wake wofunikira kwambiri anali Dr. William S. Chardak, Dokotala wamkulu pachipatala cha Buffalo. Atakumana koyamba, Wilson akuti adafunsa ngati, monga dokotala, angakonde makina opangira pacemaker. Chardak anati, "Ngati mungathe kuchita chonchi, mupulumutsa 10K." anthu amakhala moyo chaka chilichonse."

Mabatire ndi kusintha kwenikweni

Pacemaker yoyamba yotengera lingaliro lake idakhazikitsidwa mu 1960. Opaleshoniyi idachitika pachipatala cha Buffalo motsogozedwa ndi Chardak. Wodwala wazaka 77 adakhala ndi chipangizochi kwa miyezi khumi ndi isanu ndi itatu. Mu 1961, zomwe zidapangidwazo zidaloledwa kwa Medtronic waku Minneapolis, yemwe posakhalitsa adakhala mtsogoleri wamsika. Pakalipano, maganizo omwe alipo ndikuti chipangizo cha Chardak-Greatbatch sichinadziwike ndi mapangidwe ena a nthawiyo ndi magawo abwino kwambiri a luso kapena mapangidwe. Komabe, idapambana mpikisano chifukwa omwe adayipanga adapanga zisankho zabwinoko zamabizinesi kuposa ena. Chimodzi mwa zochitika zoterezi chinali kugulitsa laisensi.

Greatbatch engineer adapeza ndalama zambiri pazomwe adapanga. Chifukwa chake adaganiza zokumana ndi vuto laukadaulo watsopano - mabatire a mercury-zinczomwe zinatha zaka ziwiri zokha, zomwe sizinakhutiritse aliyense.

Anapeza ufulu waukadaulo wa batri wa lithiamu iodide. Anasintha kukhala njira yotetezeka, popeza poyamba anali zida zophulika. Mu 1970 adayambitsa kampaniyo Malingaliro a kampani Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. (Pakali pano Greatbatch LLC), yomwe inkagwira ntchito yopangira mabatire a pacemaker. Mu 1971, adapanga lithiamu iodide yochokera. RG-1 batire. Tekinoloje iyi idakanidwa poyamba, koma m'kupita kwanthawi yakhala njira yayikulu yopangira mphamvu zoyambira. Kutchuka kwake kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwake kwa mphamvu zambiri, kutsika pang'ono komanso kudalirika kwathunthu.

Greatbatch pa kayak yopangira solar

Malinga ndi ambiri, kunali kugwiritsa ntchito mabatirewa komwe kunapangitsa kupambana kwenikweni kwa oyambira pamlingo wokwanira. Panalibe chifukwa chobwereza maopaleshoni pafupipafupi poyerekeza ndi odwala omwe analibe chidwi ndi thanzi. Pakali pano, pafupifupi miliyoni imodzi mwa zipangizo zimenezi zimabzalidwa padziko lonse chaka chilichonse.

Yogwira mpaka mapeto

Chithunzi cha X-ray cha wodwala yemwe ali ndi pacemaker

Zopangidwa zinapangitsa Greatbatch kutchuka komanso kulemera, koma anapitirizabe kugwira ntchito mpaka ukalamba. Anapanga patent kuposa 325 zopangidwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, zida zofufuzira za AIDS kapena kayak yoyendetsedwa ndi dzuwa, momwe woyambitsa mwiniwakeyo adayenda makilomita oposa 250 paulendo wodutsa m'nyanja ya New York State kukondwerera kubadwa kwake kwa zaka 72.

Pambuyo pake m'moyo wake, Wilson adayamba ntchito zatsopano komanso zolakalaka. Mwachitsanzo, adayika nthawi ndi ndalama zake pakupanga ukadaulo wamafuta opangira mbewu kapena kutenga nawo gawo pantchito ya University of Wisconsin-Madison pomanga makina ophatikizira. "Ndikufuna kukankhira OPEC pamsika," adatero.

Mu 1988, Greatbatch adalowetsedwa m'gulu lodziwika bwino. National Inventors Hall of Famemonga momwe fano lake Thomas Edison analili. Iye ankakonda kupereka nkhani kwa achinyamata, pamene iye anabwereza: “Musaope kulephera. Zopanga zisanu ndi zinayi mwa khumi zidzakhala zopanda ntchito. Koma wakhumi adzakhala iyeyo. Zoyesayesa zonse zidzapindula. " Pamene maso ake sanam’lolenso kuŵerenga yekha ntchito za ophunzira a uinjiniya, anamkakamiza kuziŵerengera kwa mlembi wake.

Greatbatch adalandira mendulo mu 1990. National Mendulo ya Technology. Mu 2000, adasindikiza mbiri yake, Making the Pacemaker: A Celebration of Life-Saving Invention.