Gasi Wanthawi Zonse ndi Gasi Wofunika Kwambiri: Kodi Pali Kusiyana Kotani Ndipo Ndisamale?

Kuchita kafukufuku wowonjezera wofunikira kuti mupulumutse madola angapo ndizochitika zofala kwa ambiri aife. Kumbali ina, chikwama chathu chikawoneka chonenepa kuposa masiku onse, timakonda kugwiritsa ntchito momasuka. Koma pankhani ya mpope, kodi n'zomveka kuika gasi nthawi zonse m'galimoto yomwe imayenera kulipira ndalama zambiri? Kodi ndizomveka kuthira mafuta amtengo wapatali m'galimoto yomwe imangofunika nthawi zonse? Mayankho angakudabwitseni.

Kodi injini imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta bwanji?

Kuti mumvetse kusiyana kwa mafuta a petulo, ndizothandiza kudziwa momwe injini yanu imagwirira ntchito ikamagwiritsa ntchito gasi. Mafuta a petulo amathandiza kuyaka, komwe kumachitika pamene spark plug imatulutsa magetsi ang'onoang'ono omwe amayatsa mpweya wosakanikirana ndi mafuta m'chipinda choyaka. Mphamvu zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera munjira iyi zimayendetsa ma pistoni mu masilindala omwe amayendetsa crankshaft, zomwe zimapatsa galimoto yanu mphamvu yomwe ikufunika kuti isunthe.

Kuyaka kumakhala pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kuchuluka kwa spark ndikokwanira kuyatsa mpweya / mafuta osakanikirana pafupi ndi spark plug, yomwe imakula pang'onopang'ono kuyatsa china chilichonse. Injiniyo imakonzedwa kuti iyankhe izi kotero imatha kuyamwa mphamvu zambiri momwe ingathere, ndipo injini zambiri zimapangidwa mosiyana ndi zolinga zosiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, galimoto yamasewera imapangidwira mphamvu, pamene galimoto yosakanizidwa imapangidwira kuti ikhale ndi mafuta). ndipo aliyense amagwira ntchito mosiyana chifukwa cha izo.

Kuwongolera injini motere ndikofunikira pazifukwa zingapo. Kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya, komwe kutsogolo kwa moto sikunafikeko, kumasintha kwambiri mu kuthamanga ndi kutentha musanayambe kuchitapo kanthu. Ngati zinthu za mu silinda zili ndi kutentha kwakukulu kapena kupanikizika kwa mpweya/mafuta osakaniza, zimayaka zokha, zomwe zimapangitsa injini kugunda kapena "kuphulika". Izi zimatchedwanso "kugogoda" ndipo zimapanga phokoso lolira chifukwa kuyaka sikumachitika munthawi yake yomwe injini imayenera kuchita bwino. Kugogoda kwa injini kungakhale kopanda phindu kapena kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu ngati kunyalanyazidwa.

Kodi petulo ndi chiyani ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotani?

Mafuta ndi hydrocarbon pawiri wopangidwa ndi mpweya ndi madzi monga zigawo zikuluzikulu. Mafuta amafuta amasakanizidwa motengera maphikidwe apadera, kuphatikiza ma hydrocarbon 200 osiyanasiyana ochokera kumafuta. Kuyesa kukana kugogoda kwa petulo, ma hydrocarbon awiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito: isooctane ndi n-heptane, kuphatikiza komwe kumatsimikizira kusinthasintha kwamafuta potengera kuthekera kwa kuyaka. Mwachitsanzo, isooctane imagonjetsedwa ndi kuphulika kwadzidzidzi, pamene n-heptane imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuphulika kwadzidzidzi. Tikafotokozera mwachidule ndondomeko inayake, timapeza chiwerengero: kotero ngati 85% ya recipe ndi isooctane ndipo 15% ndi n-heptane, timagwiritsa ntchito 85 (peresenti ya isooctane) kuti tidziwe mlingo kapena mlingo wa octane.

Nawu mndandanda womwe ukuwonetsa milingo ya octane wamba pamaphikidwe odziwika bwino a petulo:

• 85-87 - Yachibadwa
• 88-90 - Wapamwamba
• 91 ndi pamwamba - Premium

Kodi manambala amatanthauza chiyani?

Nambala izi zimatsimikizira momwe mafuta amayatsira mwachangu, kutengera momwe injiniyo idzagwiritsire ntchito. Choncho, umafunika mafuta sizipereka mphamvu zambiri injini kuposa mafuta wamba; izi zimathandiza kuti injini zaukali (mwachitsanzo, injini za turbocharged) kuti zipeze mphamvu zambiri kuchokera ku galoni ya mafuta. Apa ndipamene malingaliro amafuta agalimoto amafika.

Popeza injini zamphamvu kwambiri (Porsche 911 Turbo) zimapanga kutentha ndi kupanikizika kwambiri kuposa injini zochepa (Honda Civic), zimafuna mlingo wina wa octane kuti ugwire ntchito bwino. Chizoloŵezi cha injini yogogoda chimadalira kuchuluka kwa kuponderezana, komwe kumakhudzanso mapangidwe a chipinda choyaka moto. Chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha kuponderezana chimapereka mphamvu zambiri panthawi yowonjezereka, yomwe imathandizira mwachindunji kupanikizika kwakukulu ndi kutentha mu silinda. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutadzaza injini ndi mafuta osakwanira a octane, imakhala ndi chizolowezi chogogoda.

Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani pakuwongolera?

Pulogalamu ya Car and Driver idayesa momwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta imakhudzira magwiridwe antchito a injini zamagalimoto ndi magalimoto osiyanasiyana. Mu kuyesa kwa magawo awiri, adayesa magalimoto angapo (ena amathamanga pa gasi wamba ndipo ena pamtengo wapatali) pa gasi wamba, anakhetsa akasinja, amawayendetsa pa gasi wapamwamba kwa masiku angapo, ndiyeno anayezetsanso. Pamapeto pake, kupindula kulikonse kochokera ku premium kunali kutali kwambiri ndipo sikunali koyenera kukweza mtengo. Kumbali ina, magalimoto ambiri (3 mwa 4) anali kuipiraipira ngati sanagwiritse ntchito mafuta.

Injini zamagalimoto zimamangidwa kuti zisunge magwiridwe antchito, ndipo malingaliro amafuta amapangidwa poganizira izi. Kulephera kwa injini nthawi yomweyo sikungachitike, koma kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zowononga nthawi yayitali zomwe zingayambitse kukonzanso kokwera mtengo.

Kodi munadzaza galimoto ndi mafuta olakwika? Itanani makaniko kuti awone bwino posachedwa.