Sabata yatsopano ndi batire yatsopano: Na-ion (sodium-ion), yofanana ndi magawo a Li-ion, koma nthawi zambiri yotsika mtengo
Ofufuza ku Washington State University (WSU) apanga "batire yowonjezera mchere" yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito sodium m'malo mwa lithiamu. Sodium (Na) ndi gulu la zitsulo zamchere, zimakhala ndi mankhwala ofanana, choncho maselo opangidwa ndi izo amakhala ndi mwayi wopikisana ndi Li-ion. Osachepera m'mapulogalamu ena.
Mabatire a Na-ion: otsika mtengo kwambiri, otsika pang'ono kwa lithiamu-ion, panthawi yofufuza
Sodium ndi imodzi mwazinthu ziwiri zomwe zili mu sodium chloride (NaCl) sodium chloride. Mosiyana ndi lithiamu, imapezeka mochuluka m'madipoziti (mchere wa miyala) komanso m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja. Chifukwa chake, maselo a Na-ion amatha kukhala otsika mtengo nthawi zambiri kuposa maselo a lithiamu-ion, ndipo mwa njira, ayenera kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwezo monga maselo a lithiamu-ion.
Ntchito pama cell a Na-ion idachitika pafupifupi zaka 50-40 zapitazo, koma kenako idathetsedwa. The sodium ion ndi yaikulu kuposa lithiamu ion, kotero zinthu zimakhala ndi vuto kusunga ndalama zoyenera. Kapangidwe ka graphite - yayikulu yokwanira ma lithiamu ayoni - idakhala yowuma kwambiri kuti ikhale ndi sodium.
Kafukufuku watsitsimukanso zaka zingapo zapitazi pomwe kufunikira kwa zida zamagetsi zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kwakwera kwambiri. Asayansi a WSU apanga batire ya sodium-ion yomwe imayenera kusunga mphamvu zambiri zofanana ndi zomwe zimatha kusungidwa mu batri yofanana ya lithiamu-ion. Kuphatikiza apo, batireyo idatenga nthawi yolipiritsa 1 ndikusunga 000 peresenti ya mphamvu yake yoyambirira (yoyambirira).
Magawo awiriwa amawonedwa ngati "zabwino" mdziko la mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Komabe, kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi ayoni ya sodium, kutsata mikhalidwe kunali kovuta chifukwa cha kukula kwa makristasi a sodium pa cathode. Choncho, anaganiza ntchito zoteteza wosanjikiza zitsulo okusayidi ndi electrolyte ndi kusungunuka ayoni sodium, amene anakhazikika dongosolo. Anapambana.
Kutsika kwa selo la Na-ion ndiko kuchepa kwa mphamvu zake, zomwe zimamveka mukaganizira kukula kwa lithiamu ndi maatomu a sodium. Komabe, ngakhale vutoli likhoza kukhala lovuta m'galimoto yamagetsi, silimakhudza kwathunthu kusungirako mphamvu. Ngakhale Na-ion itenga malo owirikiza kawiri monga lithiamu-ion, mtengo wake kawiri kapena katatu kutsika udzapangitsa kusankha kukhala koonekeratu.
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