Osaphatikizapo kuphatikiza: tinayendetsa Bugatti Chiron

Ndipo akuwoneka kuti apangidwira Bugatti Chiron, yomwe ndi galimoto yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yofulumira kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, mwachidule, galimoto yomwe sinachitikepo, monga ziwerengero zikuwonetsera: liwiro lapamwamba limakhazikika pamakilomita 420 pa ola limodzi, limathamanga kuchokera ku 0 mpaka makilomita 100. paola m'masekondi ochepera 2,5, ndipo titchule mtengo, womwe uli pafupifupi mayuro mamiliyoni atatu. Molunjika mpaka madzulo.

Komabe, ndiyenera kuvomereza kuti kulowa mu imodzi mwa malo a 20 omwe akupezeka kuti ayendetse Bugatti Chiron yatsopano kunali kosavuta kuposa Heracles kugawanitsa mapiri a Calpe ndi Abila, ndiye malire a Bungwe, kuti agwirizane ndi nyanja ya Atlantic. ... ndi Mediterranean, koma zosachepera. Zingakhale zosavuta ngati m'modzi mwa ogula 250 omwe adawulukira ku Portugal atha kuyesa wolowa m'malo wa Veyron wodziwika bwino (mkhalidwe womwe sakanakumana nawo ngati mtolankhani wamagalimoto, koma ngati wopambana lottery), zomwe anali nazo kale. anayamba msonkhano ku Molsheim, situdiyo ya fakitale ya mtunduwo. Iyenera kutulutsa chiron imodzi masiku asanu aliwonse. Kotero nthawiyi imakhala yokhudzana ndi kupanga zojambulajambula kusiyana ndi galimoto. Kupatula apo, luso ndizomwe timachita pano.

Ndiloleni ndikukumbutseni mwachangu kuti mtundu waku France Bugatti udapangidwa mu 1909 ndi mainjiniya aku Italiya Ettore Bugatti, atayesetsa kangapo osayambitsanso gulu la Volkswagen mu 1998, ndipo patangopita nthawi pang'ono adayambitsa lingaliro loyamba lotchedwa EB118 (lokhala ndi 18 -cylinder injini). Lingaliroli lidapangidwa komaliza mu Veyron, mtundu woyamba wopanga wa (wocheperako) mndandanda watsopano. Mabaibulo angapo a galimotoyi adapangidwa (ngakhale opanda denga), koma kuyambira pa 450 mpaka 2005, magalimoto osapitilira 2014 adapangidwa.

Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2016, dziko lamagalimoto lidachita mantha ndi nkhani yakomwe ikubwera m'malo mwa Veyron, yomwe itchulidwanso kuti ndi m'modzi mwamipikisano yotchuka ya Bugatti. Nthawiyi anali Louis Chiron, wothamanga wa Monaco wa timu yamafakitale ya Bugatti pakati pa 1926 ndi 1932, yemwe adapambana Monaco Grand Prix mu Bugatti T51 ndipo ndiamene okhawo mpikisano wampikisano wopambana mpikisano wa Fomula 1 (mwina wotsatirayo adzakhala Charles Leclerc yemwe amalamulira Fomula 2 chaka chino ndikupambana mpikisano wakunyumba kokha chifukwa cholakwika ndi timu). Maluso oyendetsa galimoto a Chiron ndi ena mwamayendedwe apadera monga Ayrton Senna ndi Gilles Villeneuve.

Chosavuta cha polojekitiyi chinali kusankha dzina. Kupititsa patsogolo injini ya 16 ndiyamphamvu ya 1.200-cylinder Veyron, chassis yokongola komanso mkati mwakunja kwakunja kumafuna mphamvu ndi talente yochulukirapo kuchokera kwa akatswiri ndi opanga, ndipo zotsatira zake ndikunena mokwanira: V16 ikadali injini ziwiri za V8. ndi ma turbocharger anayi omwe Bugatti akuti ndi 70 peresenti yayikulu kuposa Veyron ndipo amagwira ntchito motsatizana (awiri amathamanga mpaka 3.800 rpm, ndiye ena awiriwo amabwera kudzapulumutsa). "Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu kumakhala kofanana ndi momwe zimakhalira komanso nthawi yocheperako pakuyankha kwa turbo ndiyochepa," adatero Andy Wallace, wopambana wakale wa Le Mans yemwe tidagawana naye chochitika chosaiŵalikachi m'zigwa zazitali koma zopapatiza za Portugal. Chigawo cha Alentejo.

Pali jekeseni awiri pa yamphamvu (32 okwana), ndi mbali yatsopano ndi titaniyamu utsi dongosolo, amene amathandiza kukwaniritsa pafupifupi zachabechabe injini mphamvu 1.500 ndiyamphamvu ndi munthu pazipita 1.600 Newton mamita makokedwe. , pakati pa 2.000 ndi 6.000 rpm.

Poganizira kuti Chiron imalemera maperesenti asanu okha kuposa Veyron (ndiye kuti, pafupifupi 100), zikuwonekeratu kuti idaphwanya zolemba zam'mbuyomu: chiŵerengero cha kulemera kwa mphamvu chimakulitsidwa ndi ma kilogalamu 1,58. / 'kavalo' pa 1,33. Manambala atsopano omwe ali pamwamba pamndandanda wamagalimoto othamanga kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi odabwitsa: ali ndi liwiro lapamwamba osachepera makilomita 420 pa ola limodzi, kuthamangitsidwa kuchokera ku 2,5 mpaka 0 kilomita paola kumatenga masekondi ochepera 100 ndi ochepera 6,5. masekondi kuti afike pamtunda wa makilomita 200 pa ola limodzi, zomwe Wallace akuwona kuti ndi zoneneratu: "Chaka chino tiziyeza magwiridwe antchito agalimoto ndikuyesera kusokoneza liwiro la padziko lonse lapansi. Ndikukhulupirira kuti Chiron imatha kuthamangira kuchoka pamasekondi 100 mpaka 2,2, ndipo liwiro lalikulu limachokera ku 2,3 mpaka ma 440 kilomita pa ola limodzi ndikufulumira mpaka makilomita 450 pa ola limodzi. "

Mukudziwa, malingaliro a wokwera yemwe adapuma pantchito mu 2012 (ndipo wakhala akuchita nawo chitukuko cha Chiron kuyambira pamenepo) ayenera kuwerengedwa osati chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwake (XKR-LMP1998), komanso chifukwa adakwanitsa sungani mbiri yapadziko lonse lapansi yopanga galimoto kwa zaka 9 (11 km / h ndi McLarn F386,47).

Ndimakhala pampando wamasewera wapamwamba (wopangidwa ndi manja ngati china chilichonse pa Bugatti iyi, popeza maloboti sakulandiridwa ku Molsheim Studios) ndipo Andy ("Chonde musanditchule Mr. Wallace") akufotokoza kuti Chiron ili ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kutumiza kwawiri kophatikizira ndi cholumikizira chachikulu kwambiri komanso champhamvu kwambiri chomwe chidayikidwapo m'galimoto yonyamula (zomwe zimamveka chifukwa cha injini yayikulu yomwe injini imatha kuthana nayo) yomwe chipinda chonyamula ndi thupi lake zimapangidwa ndi ulusi wa kaboni, chifukwa koyambirira kwake, ndipo tsopano kumbuyo konse kwa galimoto ndikofanana (komwe Veyron anali makamaka wachitsulo). Makilomita 320 a kaboni CHIKWANGWANI amafunikira kokha m'chipinda chonyamula, ndipo zimatenga milungu inayi kuti apange kapena maola 500 opanga zamanja. Mawilo onse anayi ali ndi udindo wofalitsa zonse zomwe injini imayika pansi, ndipo kusiyanasiyana kwakumbuyo ndi kumbuyo kumadzitsekera, ndipo gudumu lakumbuyo limayang'aniridwa pamagetsi kuti ligawire torque moyenera kwambiri ku gudumu lomwe limagwira bwino. ... Kwa nthawi yoyamba, Bugatti amakhalanso ndi chassis chosinthasintha ndimapulogalamu osiyanasiyana oyendetsa (poyendetsa, kusintha kwa ma damping ndi ma traction, komanso zida zamagetsi zamagetsi).

Mitundu yoyendetsa galimoto itha kusankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito batani limodzi pa chiongolero (yoyenera kuyambitsa injini): Lift mode (125 millimeter kuchokera pansi, yoyenera kulowa mu galaja ndikuyendetsa mozungulira tawuni, makinawo ndi oletsedwa. kuchoka pa liwiro la makilomita 50 pa ola), EB mode (mawonekedwe oyenera, 115 millimeter kuchokera pansi, nthawi yomweyo ndikudumphira kumtunda wapamwamba pamene Chiron idutsa makilomita 180 pa ola), Autobahn mode (liwu lachijeremani la mseu, 95 mpaka mamilimita 115 kuchokera pansi), ma drive mode (njira yofananira ndi Autobahn mode, koma ndimayendedwe osiyanasiyana owongolera, AWD, damping ndi accelerator pedal kuti galimoto iziyenda bwino m'makona) ndi liwiro lalitali (80 mpaka 85 millimeters) kuchokera pansi)). Koma kuti mufike pamakilomita osachepera 420 pa ola limodzi, ndikupangitsa matuza, muyenera kuyika kiyi wina kutchinga kumanzere kwa mpando wa driver. Chifukwa chiyani? Andy akufotokoza mosazengereza kuti: “Tikatsegula kiyiwu, zimawoneka kuti zimayambitsa 'kudina' mgalimoto. Galimoto imayang'ana makina ake onse ndikudziyesa wokha, potero kuwonetsetsa kuti galimoto ili bwino ndipo ili wokonzeka kuchitapo kanthu. Tikamathamanga kuchoka pa 380 mpaka 420 kilomita pa ola limodzi, izi zikutanthauza kuti dalaivala akhoza kukhala ndi chidaliro kuti mabuleki, matayala ndi zamagetsi, mwachidule, makina onse ofunikira akugwira ntchito mosasunthika komanso molondola. "

Asanayambe injiniyo, Briton, yemwe wapanga maonekedwe oposa 20 pa Maola 24 a Le Mans, akuti phiko lakumbuyo (40 peresenti lalikulu kuposa Veyron) likhoza kukhazikitsidwa ndi dalaivala m'malo anayi: "Poyamba. , mapiko ndi mlingo. ndi kumbuyo kwa galimoto, ndiyeno kuonjezera aerodynamic kuthamanga pansi opangidwa ndi otaya mpweya pamwamba pake; komabe, imatha kupanga mpweya wothamanga kumbuyo kwa Chiron, motero kufupikitsa mtunda woyimitsa. Mamita 31,5 okha kuti ayimitse hypersport ya matani awiri pa 100 kilomita pa ola. ” Kuchuluka kwa mpweya kukana, ndithudi, kumawonjezeka ndi kukwera kwa mapiko akumbuyo: pamene ali flattened (kuti akwaniritse liwiro pazipita), ndi 0,35, pamene kusuntha EB ndi 0,38, mu mode ulamuliro 0,40 - ndi monga mmene. 0,59 ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mabuleki a mpweya.

Maso anga ofunitsitsa amayang'ana pa dashboard yokhala ndi zowonera zitatu za LCD ndi liwiro la analog; Zomwe amandiwonetsa zimasiyana (pakompyuta) kutengera pulogalamu yoyendetsa yoyendetsa ndi liwiro (tikapita mwachangu, zocheperako zimawonetsedwa pazenera, motero kupewa zosokoneza za driver). Dashboard imakhalanso ndi chinthu chowongoka chomwe chili ndi mfundo zinayi zoyenda, zomwe tingasinthire kugawa kwa mpweya, kutentha, kutentha kwa mpando, komanso kuwonetsa zofunikira pakuyendetsa. Mosakayikira, chipinda chonse chonyamula anthu chimakhala ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri monga kaboni, aluminium, magnesium ndi chikopa cha ng'ombe zomwe zasisitidwa ndikuphunzitsidwa ku yoga. Sitingathe kunyalanyaza luso la kusoka kwa amisiri odziwa ntchito zapa Bugatti.

Makilomita ochepa oyambilira amakhala omasuka, chifukwa chake ndimatha kudziwa kaye mayendedwe agalimoto ndikufika pozindikira koyamba: Ndayendetsa ma supercars angapo omwe amafunikira manja olimba ndi miyendo, ndi Chiron I. Ndazindikira kuti magulu onse akuwala kwambiri; Ndi chiwongolero, ntchito yosavuta imadalira mtundu wosankhidwa woyendetsa, koma nthawi zonse imapereka kulongosola modabwitsa komanso kuyankha. Izi zimathandizidwanso ndi Michelin 285/30 R20 yopangidwa mwanjira yapambuyo ndi 355/25 R21 kumbuyo, yomwe ili ndi 13% yolumikizana kuposa Veyron.

Damping system mu Lift ndi EB modes imaperekaulendo wokwanira, ndipo zikadapanda mawonekedwe amgalimoto ndi gulu loimba la oyimba mu injini ya injini, mutha kulingalira za kukwera tsiku ndi tsiku kwa Chiron (komwe ndi 500 mwayi wamakasitomala mamiliyoni ambiri a Chiron), theka la omwe asungira kale magalimoto ake). Mwina mukuyenera kubwerera kumbuyo kuchokera kumisewu ya phula yakumidzi yomwe nthawi zina imakufikitsani m'midzi yotayika munthawi yake komanso komwe ndi anthu ochepa omwe amayang'ana ku Bugatti modabwitsika, wina yemwe wawona doko losadziwika lanyanja. Kuseli kwakumbuyo; ndipo komwe Chiron amasuntha ndi chisomo cha njovu m'sitolo ina.

Kulemba kuti mphamvu za Chiron ndizodabwitsa zimamveka zotopetsa komanso zoyembekezeredwa. Mutha kutsimikiza za ungwiro wake ukakhala patsogolo panu. Ndipo ngakhale kuti mnzanga ndi ine sitinafike ngakhale pafupi ndi liwiro lalikulu lomwe linalonjezedwa, ndikhoza kunena kuti chinsinsi chiri pachangu - mu gear iliyonse, pa liwiro lililonse. Ngakhale dalaivala wodziwa komanso mtolankhani yemwe anali ndi mwayi woyendetsa galimoto yamtundu wa Renault F1 ku Paul Ricardo zaka khumi zapitazo ndipo anayesa zolimba (ngakhale sizinaphule kanthu) kuti azithamanga kwambiri monga Bernd Schneider mu Mercedes AMG GT3 ku Hockenheim ndipo anali ndi mwayi. AMG masewera oyendetsa galimoto ndipo ine ndimaganiza ena accelerators anali akamwe zoziziritsa kukhosi pang'ono, ine ndinali pafupi kwambiri kuti ndidutse kawiri pamene Andy Wallace anakankhira gasi pedal mpaka pansi kwa masekondi khumi - ankawoneka ngati muyaya ... galimoto inafika liwiro la makilomita 250 pa ola pa nthawi imeneyo, koma chifukwa cha mathamangitsidwe. Mukuwerenga molondola: adakomoka chifukwa ubongo wake unkagwira ntchito molimbika kuti apereke chinthu china panthawi yothamanga kwambiri.

Dalaivala wanga wakale ankafuna kunditonthoza ndi zitsanzo ziwiri - imodzi yowonjezera, ndipo ina yocheperako pang'ono: "Kukhoza kwa Chiron kumafuna kuti ubongo wa munthu udutse gawo la 'kuphunzira' kotero kuti pamene ikuyandikira malire a kuthamanga ndi kutsika kwa galimotoyi, zambiri zikugwirabe ntchito moyenera. Liwiro lalikulu la Chiron limaposa Jaguar XKR. Ndinapambana Le Mans zaka 29 zapitazo. Mabuleki ndi odabwitsa pamene airbrake imafikira kutsika kwa 2g, yomwe ili pansi pa theka la F1 yamakono ndi kuwirikiza kawiri ya galimoto ina iliyonse yomwe ilipo lero. Kalekale mnzanga anali mayi yemwe, m'modzi mwa iwo, anali ndi vuto losasangalatsa la mkodzo ngati chiwopsezo chothamanga kwambiri. M’chenicheni, zimenezi n’zomveka bwino mmene thupi la munthu limachitira, lomwe silinazoloŵere kufulumira kotereku.”

Mulimonsemo, musayese kuchita izi kunyumba.

Lemba: Joaquim Oliveira · chithunzi: Bugatti