Matayala Agalimoto Osiyanasiyana

Mwa mitundu yamakonzedwe agalimoto, chimodzi mwamasinthidwe oyamba omwe zoyendera zimachitika ndikukhazikitsa ma disc okongola okhala ndi mulingo wosazolowereka. Nthawi zambiri gawo ili limayendetsedwa pamwamba. Wogulitsa akakhazikitsa zingerere zazikulu kuti zigwirizane ndi gudumu kumtunda, matayala apadera otsika ayenera kuikidwa pamphepete mwake.

Mphira wotere uli ndi maubwino ake komanso zovuta zake. Tiyeni tiganizire zomwe zili zapadera za mphira wotere komanso momwe kukweza kumeneku kumakhudzira magwiridwe antchito agalimoto.

Kodi matayala otsika kwambiri ndi otani?

Matayala otsika ndi kusinthidwa, komwe kutalika kwa mphira kuli ndi gawo la 55% m'lifupi mwake (palinso zosankha zokhala ndi chiwonetsero chochepa). Nachi chitsanzo cha tayala laling'ono: m'lifupi 205 / kutalika 55 (osati mamilimita, koma peresenti peresenti) / utali wozungulira mainchesi 16 (kapena njira ina - 225/40 / R18).

Poganizira momwe dziko lokonzekera lokha likukulira mwachangu, titha kunena kuti mawonekedwe a 55 atha posachedwa kuwonedwa ngati malire pakati pa matayala okwera msinkhu komanso kusintha kosasintha. Mwachitsanzo, pakati pa ziziyenda pali amene saona kukula 205/55 ndi utali wozungulira 16 monga kusinthidwa otsika-mbiri. Ngati mungayang'ane pang'ono m'mbiri ya mawonekedwe ndi kusintha kwa mphira wotsika, ndiye kuti panali nthawi yomwe kutalika kwa 70 kunkaonedwa ngati kopanda tanthauzo. Lero, matayala okhala ndi kukula kwa 195/70 ndi utali wozungulira wa 14 ali kale pabwino.

Michelin inali kampani yoyamba kukhazikitsa mphira wokhala ndi kolala yocheperako koyamba. Zogulitsazo zidayamba kupangidwa mu 1937, koma misewu yoyipa komanso kulemera kwamagalimoto am'nthawi imeneyo sizinalole kugwiritsa ntchito kusinthidwa kotere kwa magalimoto amtundu. Kwenikweni, matayala awa adayikika pamakina amasewera.

Mosiyana ndi oyendetsa galimoto wamba, okonda masewera othamanga nthawi yomweyo anali otsimikiza za lingaliro lakunyalanyaza matayala awo othamanga. Chifukwa cha ichi ndikuti galimotoyo idakhala yolimba poyenda moyenda mwachangu. Matayala otsika osakhazikika abwerera kumagalimoto amisewu kumapeto kwa ma 1970.

Chifukwa chomwe mukufunikira matayala otsika

Mafani ambiri kuti asinthe mawonekedwe a magalimoto awo nthawi yomweyo amayimitsa kusintha rabara ndi mbali yotsikira. Chifukwa cha ichi ndikutha kukhazikitsa chimbale ndikuwonjezera utali pamakina. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa choyamba chomwe ma tayala otsika amaikidwa ndikusintha kapangidwe kagalimoto.

Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwa mawonekedwe, mphira wotere umasintha zina mwazida za makina. Choyambirira, othamanga amagwiritsa ntchito luso lazinthu izi. Chifukwa chake, mutakhala ndi liwiro labwino, galimoto yamasewera iyeneranso kuti muchepetse nthawi. Apa ndipomwe matayala ochepetsedwa amathandizira. Popeza pali chimbale chokulirapo mu chipilala cha magudumu, chifukwa chomwe chigwirizano cholumikizira ndi phula chimakulirakulira, chomwe chimakulitsa magwiridwe antchito a braking system.

Chizindikiro china chomwe chimakhudza kukula kwa mtunda wa mabuleki (zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa za kutalika kwa braking zafotokozedwa payokham'lifupi mwake. Popeza gudumu tsopano ndi lokulirapo, ndizotheka kukhazikitsa mtundu wazambiri.

Pamagalimoto amasewera, kupindika mozungulira ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa kuyimitsidwa kolimba, ndi mphira wotsika kwambiri womwe umalola kuti galimotoyo isasunthike mofananamo ndi mseu (polemedwa, tayala silipondereza monga analog wamba). Makina owongolera masewera olimbitsa thupi amatengera izi (chizindikiro ichi chidafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu osiyana review).

Kodi chikuyenera kukhala chotani?

Pali chikhulupiriro chodziwika pakati pa oyendetsa galimoto kuti kukakamizidwa kwamatayala otsika kwambiri kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa mawilo wamba. M'malo mwake, gawo ili limadalira misewu yomwe galimotoyo imayendetsa, komanso malingaliro a wopanga magalimoto.

Ngati gudumu lozungulira silikukhala ndi mpweya mogwirizana ndi malingaliro a wopanga, ndiye kuti mphirawo udzavala mosiyanasiyana (kuphatikiza apo, matayala amafotokozedwa apa). Koma ngati kupanikizika kwa matayala otsika kumakhala kotsika poyerekeza ndi zomwe wopanga wagalimotoyo akufuna, chiwopsezo chakuwonongeka mukamenya dzenje lakuthwa kwambiri chikuwonjezeka kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri izi zimabweretsa chophukacho pagudumu (ndi chiyani komanso momwe mungathanirane nawo, amauzidwa apa).

Pomwe mayendedwe akuyenera kuthana ndi misewu yoyipa, kuti awonjezere chitetezo, woyendetsa angaganize zokwezera magudumu pang'ono (onjezerani kukakamiza kwa magudumu omwe ali mkati mwa bala la 0.15-0.20 pokhudzana ndi mlingo woyenera). Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mawilo okhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, monga omwe alibe mpweya wokwanira, samalumikizana kwenikweni ndi msewu. Izi zidzakhudza momwe magalimoto amayendetsera, makamaka kuthamanga kwambiri.

Palibe malingaliro apadziko lonse okhudzana ndi kukakamizidwa kwa magudumu otere. Muyenera kutsatira miyezo yomwe opanga magalimoto amapanga. Chizindikiro ichi chimadalira kulemera kwa galimotoyo.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Ndizosatheka kupanga matayala omwe ali abwino pazochitika zonse, chifukwa chake kusinthidwa kotsika kumangokhala ndi zabwino zake, komanso zovuta zake. Choyamba, tiyeni tiganizire za basi ngati iyi:

1. Pa mawilo oterowo, mutha kukhala ndi liwiro lapamwamba (pazosintha zina zomwe zili mkati mwa 240 km / h ndi zina);
2. Galimoto yamasewera yokhala ndi matayala akulu ndi matayala owonda imayang'ana modabwitsa kwambiri;
3. Galimoto ikagunda ngodya mwachangu, matayala otsika-pang'ono amachepetsa kugwedezeka kwa thupi (mbali ya chinthuchi sichimangolemala kwambiri pansi pa katundu);
4. Mphamvu zagalimoto zimayenda bwino - chifukwa chogwira bwino, liwiro lothamanga limakula (momwe mphamvu yamagetsi imaloleza);
5. Makhalidwe abraking amtundu wamgalimoto awongoleredwa - chifukwa chakukwera komweko ndi mseu (zotsatira zowonekera kwambiri kuposa tayala laling'ono), magwiridwe antchito a braking amakula;
6. Chifukwa chakukula kwakukulu, chigamba cholumikizira chimakulirakulira, motero galimoto sichiyankha kwambiri pakakhala zolakwika pamsewu (gudumu limakhala locheperako pakumata pamsewu, pomwe pali maenje ang'onoang'ono);
7. Ngati galimoto ili ndi ma disks opangidwa ndi ma alloys opepuka, kuphatikiza ndi matayala omwe ali ndi mbiri yocheperako pang'ono kuyatsa galimotoyo, yomwe imakhudzanso mphamvu zake;
8. Chigawo chachikulu cholumikizira chimakulitsa kuyendetsa kwa makina kuthamanga kwambiri.

Izi ndizofunikira osati kokha kutalika kwa mbali ndi m'lifupi mwa mphira. Njira yopondera ndiyofunikanso kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mphira wotere umakhala ndi mawonekedwe amachitidwe, ndipo mbaliyo imalimbikitsidwa kuti gudumu lisawonongeke likagunda dzenje.

Ngakhale pali maubwino awa, kukhazikitsa kusinthidwa kwamagalimoto ambiri siyankho labwino kwambiri. Nazi zina mwazinthu zomwe zikuwonetsa kutulutsa kwa matayala awa:

1. Matayala amasewera amakhala ndi moyo wofupikira kuposa gudumu wamba;
2. Chitonthozo cha kanyumba poyendetsa pamisewu yosagwirizana chimasokonekera;
3. Nthawi zambiri kuyimitsidwa kolimba kumayikidwa mgalimoto kuti zizikhala zamasewera. Kuphatikiza ndi mawilo otsika, bampu iliyonse imapatsa woyendetsa msana, zomwe ndizosangalatsa. Izi zimakhudzidwa makamaka m'nyengo yozizira m'misewu yosasamalidwa bwino;
4. Malangizo oyenda amveka phokoso;
5. Ma Stiffer mawilo amatha kusokoneza kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto;
6. Mofulumira kwambiri, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti dalaivala atsegule chiwongolero, choncho ndibwino kuti musayike matayala otere pagalimoto yopanda chowongolera magetsi;
7. Matayala amasewera ali ndi malingaliro opapatiza, chifukwa chake kuli bwino kuyika zosintha pazoyendera zomwe zingakhale zoyenera kuchitira zinthu zosiyanasiyana;
8. Mukalowa mu dzenje lakuya, pali mwayi waukulu woti musawononge tayala lokha, komanso chimbale chomwecho (pamakhala milandu pomwe chimbale chodula chidasweka, osati kungopindika);
9. Kusintha koteroko ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa matayala wamba, ndipo mawilo okwera mtengo ayenera kugulidwa kuti adzaikidwe pagalimoto.

Chifukwa chake, monga mukuwonera poyerekeza izi zaubwino ndi zoyipa, zabwino za matayala otsika zimakhudzana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a galimoto ndi mayendedwe othamanga, koma zovuta zake zimakhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa chitonthozo ndi zovuta pagalimoto yokha.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji?

Ngakhale oyendetsa galimoto ena amasankha matayala pawokha malinga ndi matayala omwe agulidwa pagalimoto, ndibwino kutsatira malingaliro a omwe amapanga galimoto ngati kulibe kufuna kukonza galimoto nthawi zambiri chifukwa chakuyika mawilo olakwika.

Nthawi zambiri, potulutsa mtundu watsopano wamagalimoto, automaker amawonetsa matayala omwe angaikidwepo. Mndandanda ungakhale ndi njira zingapo zomwe sizingakhudze chisisi ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa galimotoyo. Mndandandawu umawonetsanso njira yotsika.

Nachi chitsanzo chaching'ono cha mndandandawu:

Mtundu wamagalimoto:	Standard:	Analogi:	Kukonzekera:
Volkswagen Golf V (2005)	195 * 65r15	205*60r15; 205*55r16	205*50r17; 225*45r17; 225*40r18; 225*35r19
Audi A6 quattro (2006)	225 * 55r16	225 * 50r17	245*45r17; 245*40r18; 245*35r19
BMW 3-Mndandanda (E90) (2010)	205 * 55r16	205*60r15; 225*50r16; 205*50r17; 215*45r17; 225*45r17; 215*40r18; 225*40r18; 245*35r18; 255*35r18; 225*35r19; 235*35r19	Kutsogolo (kumbuyo): 225 * 45r17 (245 * 40r17); 225 * 45r17 (255 * 40 r17); 215 * 40r18 (245 * 35 r18); 225 * 40r18 (255 * 35 r18); 225 * 35r19 (255 * 30 r19); 235 * 35r19 (265 * 30r19); 235 * 35r19 (275 * 30r19)
Ford Focus (2009)	195*65*r15; 205*55r16	205*60r15; 205*50r17; 225*45r17	225 * 40r18

Opanga ma Model ndi zitsanzo

Nawu mndandanda wa opanga matayala otsika kwambiri:

MALANGIZO:	Zosankha zamtundu:	Mapulani:	kuipa:
Michelin	Woyendetsa Masewera PS2 (295/25 R21)	Nthawi yayitali pamsika; Kupanga matayala atsopano; Zogulitsa zambiri; Kuyambitsa ukadaulo waluso	Zogulitsa ndizokwera mtengo
Chaka Chabwino	Ultra Grip Ice 2 245 / 45R18 100T XL FP	Chidziwitso chachikulu pakupanga matayala; Chonyamula chimakhala ndi zida zapamwamba; Ukadaulo wapamwamba umayambitsidwa	Analolera molakwika m'misewu yopanda miyala
Pirelli	PZero Wofiira (305/25 R19)	Kuwongolera pamasewera; Zokongoletsa pang'ono; Zosiyanasiyana zazikulu; Kuyendetsa bwino	Menya molakwika
Hankook	Ventus S1 Evo3 K127 245 / 45R18 100Y XL	Mkulu kukana kuvala; Zithunzi ndi zotanuka; Mtengo wotsika mtengo; Moyo wogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali	Zosakwanira pamalo onyowa
Continental	Lumikizanani nafe 5P (325/25 R20)	MwaukadauloZida luso umayamba; Mkulu khalidwe ndi kudalirika; Low phokoso kupanga; Amatipatsa guluu wolimba wabwino kwa coating kuyanika ndi	Mtengo
Nokia	Kufotokozera: Nordman SZ2 245 / 45R18 100W XL	Kusinthidwa kumadera akumpoto; Perekani bata pamalo onyowa ndi oterera; Zofewa; Phokoso lochepa	Moyo wogwira ntchito zochepa komanso mtengo wokwera
Yokohama	ADVAN Masewera V103 (305/25 R20)	Patsani zabwino pamsewu; Kulinganiza bwino pakati pa mtengo ndi mtundu; Moyo wautali	M'matayala achisanu, ma spikes amatuluka mwachangu; khoma lakumbali ndilopyapyala, chifukwa chake pamakhala mwayi waukulu wosokonekera kapena chophukacho chotsatira chikalowa mu dzenje lalikulu
Bridgestone	Mphamvu RE040 245 / 45R18 96W Kuthamanga Lathyathyathya	Mtengo wotsika mtengo; Chokhalitsa; Ntchito yayitali	Zolimba; Njira yabwino ya bajeti ya phula, koma yoyendetsa bwino msewu
Cooper	Zeon CS-Sport 245 / 45R18 100Y	Makhalidwe abwino; Mtengo wotsika mtengo; Kuponda kumapereka kuthekera koyenda bwino pamsewu wovuta	Kawirikawiri chopondacho chimakhala chaphokoso; Otsatsa ambiri samagula zinthu zotere nthawi zambiri
Toyo	Ma proxes 4 (295/25 R20)	Perekani zabwino phula ndi kuyendetsa galimoto; Zogulitsa zabwino kwambiri; Zinthu zotanuka	Analekerera molakwika kuyendetsa galimoto kwakanthawi;
Sumitomo	BC100 245/45R18 100W	Kulimbitsa bwino; zotanuka; Njira yopondera yapadera	Matayala nthawi zambiri amakhala olemera kuposa ofanana ndi opanga ena; Kukhazikika kolimba pamiyeso yayitali
Nitto dzina loyamba	NT860 245/45R18 100W	Zogulitsazo zili ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo; Perekani zabwino panjira; Njira yopondera yapadera	Malo ogulitsa CIS ali ndi zosankha zochepa kwambiri; Sakonda mtundu woyendetsa mwamphamvu
sava	Eskimo HP2 245 / 45R18 97V XL	Mtengo wotsika mtengo; Zotanuka; Ubwino wabwino; Zida zili ndimapangidwe amakono	Cholemera kuposa zinthu zofananira kuchokera kuzinthu zina; Kupondaponda nthawi zambiri kumakhala phokoso

Kuti mudziwe mtundu wa mphira wotsika, muyenera kulabadira malingaliro a iwo omwe agwiritsa kale ntchitoyi. Njira yomweyi ikuthandizirani kusankha matayala amtundu wamayendedwe wamba.

Kodi mphira wotsika umakhudza kuyimitsidwa?

Kuti mumvetse momwe mphira uliri woyipa pakuyimitsidwa, muyenera kukumbukira kuti sikuti tayala limakhudza nthawi yamagalimoto. Aliyense amadziwa kuti kuyimitsidwa kumapangidwa mgalimoto kuti muchepetse kugwedezeka komwe kumabwera mumsewu. Zambiri pazida ndi mtundu wa kuyimitsidwa kukufotokozedwa ndemanga ina.

Kulemera kwa galimotoyo, komanso mawilo momwemo, zimakhudza kwambiri momwe kuyimitsidwa kuyendera. Ngati mumayika mawilo a aloyi, ndiye kuti izi zimalipiritsa kuuma kwa matayala okhala ndi felemu yotsika.

Woyendetsa galimoto akaganiza zosintha mbiri ya labala, ayeneranso kufufuza kuti ndi ma rivi ati omwe angagwire bwino ntchito ndi galimoto komanso matayala omwe apatsidwa. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri momwe akasupe amathandizira, zoyeserera ndi zotsekemera ndizoyimitsidwa (kuphatikiza kulemera kwa magudumu).

Kutalika kwa mbiri yamatayala komanso kufewa kwawo kumakhudza nthawi yayitali chimbale chatsopano ngati chingagwere maenje pafupipafupi. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira, matayala otsika sangasokoneze kuyimitsidwa konse. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala milandu yoyimitsidwa ngakhale pamawilo apamwamba.

Kwambiri, kuyimitsidwa kumakhudzidwa ndimayendedwe oyendetsa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito. Mwambi wodziwika bwino woti "Kuthamanga kwambiri - mabowo ocheperako" umangowonetsa chifukwa chomwe akasupe, ma absorbers ododometsa, levers ndi zinthu zina zimawonongeka msanga. Ndipo ngati tilingalira kuti matayala otsika kwambiri amagulidwa makamaka ndi akatswiri kuti ayendetse, ndiye kuti ena amawona kulumikizana pakati pa matayala otere ndi kuwonongeka kwagalimoto pafupipafupi. M'malo mwake, ngati mungasinthe mawonekedwe anu okwera kapena musankhe malo abwino amasewera, sipadzakhalanso zovuta pakuimitsidwa.

Zotsatira

Monga mukuwonera, matayala otsika amakhala ndi maubwino awo, ndipo amakhudzana kwambiri ndi masewera amgalimoto, komanso mawonekedwe amgalimoto. Nthawi yomweyo, woyendetsa nsembe amatonthoza, popeza poyendetsa misewu yabwinobwino, bampu iliyonse imamveka mwamphamvu kwambiri.

Kuti matayala osakhala olakwika asakhudze mkhalidwe wamatekinoloje ena agalimoto, muyenera kutsatira malangizo omwewo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magudumu wamba:

• Osachulukitsa matayala. Ngati gudumu likuyenda mopitilira chizindikiro chomwe wopanga amatilimbikitsa, ndiye kuti mosasamala kanthu kutalika kwa mkanda wa matayala, galimotoyo izikhala ngati pamiyala yamatabwa;
• Pewani kuyendetsa galimoto mwachangu m'misewu yopanda miyala. Ngati galimotoyo ikukonzekera masewera othamangitsana, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kusiya njirayi pamipikisano yapadera munjira zotsekedwa, osagwiritsa ntchito pamisewu yaboma. Kuphatikiza pa kusunga magalimoto munthawi ya ukadaulo, izi zithandizira kupewa ngozi pamsewu.

Kuphatikiza pa kuwunikaku, tikupatsirani chiphaso chaching'ono kuchokera kwa woyendetsa galimoto wodziwa matayala otsika:

MBIRI YAPANSI ITHAWIRITSITSA GALIMOTO YONSE GUZANI

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi matayala angakhale ndi mbiri yanji? Mbiri yabwinobwino ndi yopitilira 90 peresenti poyerekeza ndi m'lifupi mwa tayala. Pali mbiri yotakata, mawonekedwe otsika, mawonekedwe otsika kwambiri, mphira wa arch ndi pneumatic rollers.

Kodi mbiri ya tayala ndi chiyani? Uwu ndi muyeso umodzi wa kukula kwa matayala. Kwenikweni, uku ndiko kutalika kwa mphira. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi chiŵerengero china chokhudzana ndi kukula kwa rabala.