Wokwera wopanda lamba ndi wakupha

Imodzi mwa nthano zozama kwambiri zokhudza malamba m’galimoto ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti anthu amene ali pampando wakumbuyo safunika kuvala. Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikutsimikizira kuti ndi gulu ili la ogwiritsa ntchito galimoto omwe sadziwa zambiri za zotsatira za kusamvera udindo wovala malamba.

Ngakhale kuti chaka chino pali kusintha pang'ono poyerekeza ndi maphunziro omwe anachitika zaka zingapo zapitazo, kumanga malamba kumbuyo kwa galimoto kumaonedwa ngati chidwi m'dziko lathu. Zotsatira za kafukufuku amene bungwe la National Highway Traffic Safety Board linachita n’zochititsa mantha: 40 peresenti yokha ya madalaivala amavala malamba nthawi zonse akakhala pampando wakumbuyo, ndipo 38 peresenti ya amene satero.

WERENGANISO

Chitetezo choyamba

Zochita “Mangani malamba. Yatsani malingaliro anu"

Akatswiri a axis amaona kuti chikhulupiriro ichi ndi chosamveka. -Munthu woyenda osamanga malamba amakhala pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi thanzi komanso moyo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizowopsa kwa anthu ena oyenda m'galimoto imodzi. - akutsindika Marek Plona, ​​​​katswiri pa chitetezo cha ana m'magalimoto.

“Nthawi zambiri pakachitika malipoti angozi, zimachitika kuti chifukwa cha imfa kapena kuvulala koopsa kwa mwana woyenda pampando ndi munthu wopanda lamba. maluwa kumpando wakumbuyo anali "odalirika".

- Tikamayendetsa ngati okwera, timasiya nkhawa zathu. Sitiyenera kuganiza, titha kumasuka, kusangalala ndi malingaliro. Chifukwa chake kutsimikiza kuti zomwe zingachitike sizikutikhudza, atero Andrzej Markowski, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Association of Transport Psychologists.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti pakagundana pamutu, ngakhale pa liwiro la 64 km / h, zomwe sizikuwoneka zowopsa ndi omwe si akatswiri, zimatha kuchulukitsidwa mpaka 30 g (kuthamanga ndi nthawi 30 kuposa kuthamangitsa kugwa kwaulere). Ndiye munthu wolemera makilogalamu 84 adzachita pampando wakutsogolo kapena okwera ena ngati kuti kulemera kwake kunali matani 2,5 (84 kg x 300m/s2 = 25 N)!

“Madalaivala akadziwa zimenezi, sakanalola aliyense kukwera galimoto yawo popanda lamba. - akuwonjezera Marek Plona. Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wopangidwa ku KRBRD adatsimikiziranso kusadziwa kowopsa kwa madalaivala aku Poland ndi okwera pankhaniyi.

Anthu ambiri a ku Poland, makamaka okalamba, sazolowera kuvala malamba pampando wakumbuyo wa galimoto, chifukwa kunalibe udindo woterowo. “Kwa zaka zambiri, magalimoto ambiri analibe malamba kumpando wakumbuyo, ndipo mwatsoka, ndife a m’badwo umenewo,” anatero mmodzi wa ochita nawo kafukufukuwo.

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti anthu apaulendo ndi oipa m’njira inanso. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti woyendetsa galimoto ayenera kumanga malamba, ngati woyendetsa galimotoyo anyalanyaza lamuloli, nthawi zambiri sangamudzudzule. Apaulendo, ngakhale amene amamanga malamba, nthawi zambiri sakumbutsa madalaivala kuti amange malamba. Monga momwe Dr. Andrzej Markowski akunenera, a Poles sakukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nkhaniyi. "Aliyense ali ndi bondo wokhuthala" maganizo ndi kusowa udindo pa moyo wa dalaivala, iye akufotokoza.

Izi zikutsimikizira mfundo ina yomvetsa chisoni ya phunziroli: ngati woyenda naye asankha kukopa chidwi cha dalaivala, ndiye kuti mkangano waukulu sudzakhala mwayi wotaya moyo wake, koma kuopseza chindapusa. Komabe, zosiyana ndi zabwinoko: ngati dalaivala apempha okwera kuti amange malamba, pempholi nthawi zambiri limaperekedwa. Mukhozanso kunena kuti madalaivala "anakhazikitsa kamvekedwe" m'galimoto pankhaniyi. - Ngati dalaivala wavala lamba, inenso nditero. Ukakhala ndi munthu m’galimoto, uyenera kumvetsera,” anafotokoza motero mmodzi wa apaulendo amene anachita nawo phunzirolo.

Ngakhale kuti mfundo zoperekedwa ndi omwe adachita nawo phunziroli, lamulo lokakamiza dalaivala kuti alipire chindapusa kwa okwera osamangirira adakumana ndi chitsutso champhamvu kuchokera kwa omwe adafunsidwa. Anthu ambiri ankaganiza kuti akuluakulu ali ndi udindo wodziimira okha komanso kuti ayenera kunyamula zotsatira za khalidwe lawo, choncho tikiti yotereyi iyenera kulipidwa ndi munthu wopanda lamba yekha.

Zithunzi zomwe zili pafupi kwambiri zinali zofunika kwambiri kusiyana ndi maganizo a dalaivala. Ambiri omwe adafunsidwa adatsindika kuti poyenda pampando wakumbuyo, amamanga malamba kapena ayi chifukwa anzawo, makolo kapena abale awo amachitanso chimodzimodzi. N’chifukwa chake n’kofunika kwambiri kuti tikamakumbutsa ena kuvala malamba, ifeyo tiyenera kutero. Komanso pampando wakumbuyo.

Ziwerengero za apolisi:

Mu 2010, anthu 397 analangidwa chifukwa chosamanga malamba m’galimoto, komanso anthu oposa 299 chifukwa chosowa mpando wa mwana m’galimoto. Anthu oposa 7 anavulala pa ngozi zapamsewu mu 250, kuphatikizapo 2010 omwe anafa ndipo 52 anavulala. Mwa gulu ili la madalaivala ndi okwera, anthu 000 anavulala, omwe 3 anafa ndipo 907 anavulala.

WERENGANISO

Loweruka ndi Lamlungu popanda ovulala - zochita za State Department of the Interior and Police

"Zoopsa kwambiri" - apolisi atsopano

Kodi lamulo limati chiyani?

Lamulo la Juni 20, 1997 - Lamulo Lamayendedwe Pamsewu:

Udindo wogwiritsa ntchito malamba:

Ndime 39 1. Dalaivala wa galimoto ndi munthu wonyamulidwa m'galimoto yotere yokhala ndi malamba ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito malambawa poyendetsa (...)

Ndime 45. 2. Woyendetsa galimoto ndi woletsedwa: (…)

kunena nthabwala. 39, 40 kapena 63 sec. chimodzi;

Ndime 63 1. Kukwera kwa anthu okwera kutha kuchitidwa pokhapokha panjira yopangidwira kapena kusinthidwa kuti izi zitheke. Chiwerengero cha okwera omwe amanyamulidwa sangathe kupitirira chiwerengero cha mipando yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu chikalata cholembera, malinga ndi ndime 4. Chiwerengero cha okwera m'galimoto yomwe sichiyenera kulembetsa imatsimikiziridwa ndi cholinga cha galimotoyo.