Cholinga ndi mitundu yamachitidwe a braking othandizira

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayikidwa poyendetsa galimoto ndi njira yothandizira ma braking. Imagwira ntchito mosadalira ma braking system ndipo imathandizira kuti ziziyenda mokhazikika pamitengo yayitali. Ntchito yayikulu ya mabuleki othandizira ndi kutsitsa dongosolo lama brake kuti muchepetse kuvala ndi kutenthedwa kwakanthawi kwakanthawi. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'galimoto zamalonda.

Cholinga chachikulu cha dongosololi

Kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono mukamayendetsa kutsetsereka, galimoto imatha kunyamula liwiro lokwanira, lomwe lingakhale lotetezeka poyenda kwina. Woyendetsa amakakamizidwa kuwongolera liwiro nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito braking system. Kuyenda mobwerezabwereza kotereku kumapangitsa kuti mabala a mabuleki ndi matayala avale mwachangu, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa njira yamagalimoto.

Zotsatira zake, kuchepa kwa mgwirizano wa zingwe pa brake drum kapena disc kwachepetsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito onse. Chifukwa chake, mtunda wamagalimoto wamagalimoto ukuwonjezeka.

Njira yothandizira braking imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonetsetsa kuti kuyenda kwakanthawi kotsika kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kopanda kutentha mabuleki. Sizingathe kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa galimoto kukhala ziro. Izi zimachitika ndi ma braking system, omwe ali "ozizira" ali okonzeka kugwira ntchito yake moyenera kwambiri panthawi yoyenera.

Mitundu ndi chipangizo cha dongosolo braking wothandiza

Njira zothandizila ma braking zitha kuperekedwa motere:

• injini kapena mapiri ananyema;
• retarder hayidiroliki;
• retarder magetsi.

Kutsegula injini

Injiniyo idathyoledwa (aka "phiri") ndichipangizo chodziwikiratu cha mpweya chomwe chimayikidwa pamakina a utsi wamagalimoto. Zimaphatikizaponso njira zowonjezera zochepetsera mafuta ndikusintha damper, ndikupangitsa kukana kwina.

Akakwiyitsa, dalaivala amasunthira pompopompo pomwe patsekedwa ndi pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri mpaka pomwe mafuta amakhala ochepa. Kutulutsa magazi kuchokera kuzipilala kudzera munjira yotulutsa zinthu kumakhala kosatheka. Injini imazimitsa, koma crankshaft ikupitilizabe kuzungulira.

Mpweya ukamatulutsidwa kunja kwa madoko otulutsa utsi, pisitoni imakumana ndi kukanika, potero imachedwetsa kuzungulira kwa crankshaft. Chifukwa chake, makokedwe a braking amapatsidwira kufatsirako ndikupitilira kuyendetsa kwamagalimoto.

Retarder hayidiroliki

Chogwiritsira ntchito hayidiroliki ndi:

• nyumba;
• mawilo awiri opalasa.

Ma impeller amaikidwa m'nyumba ina moyang'anizana patali. Sizolumikizana molimba wina ndi mnzake. Gudumu limodzi, lolumikizidwa ndi thupi lomwe linanyema, silimayima. Chachiwiri chimayikidwa pa shaft yothandizira (mwachitsanzo, shaft ya cardan) ndipo imazungulira nayo. Thupi limadzazidwa ndi mafuta kuti likane kusinthasintha kwa shaft. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito chipangizochi ikufanana ndi kulumikizana kwamadzimadzi, apa sipangakhale kufalikira kwa makokedwe, koma, m'malo mwake, amasungunuka ndikusanduka kutentha.

Ngati choyikapo ma hydraulic choyika patsogolo pa kachilomboko chitha kuperekanso magawo angapo a mabuleki mwamphamvu. M'munsi zida, mofananamo kwambiri braking.

Wobwezeretsa zamagetsi

Wobwezeretsa magetsi amagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi, chomwe chimakhala ndi:

• ozungulira;
• Stator kumulowetsa.

Mtundu woterewu pagalimoto yokhala ndi zotumiza pamanja uli mnyumba ina. Chozungulira chozungulira chimalumikizidwa ndi shaft ya shaft kapena shaft ina iliyonse, ndipo ma stator oyimilira amaikidwa mnyumba.

Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito magetsi pama stator windings, pali mphamvu yamaginito yamagetsi, yomwe imalepheretsa kuzungulira kwaulere kwa ozungulira. Makina obowolera omwe amabwera chifukwa cha hayidiroliki, amaperekedwa kumayendedwe oyendetsa galimoto kudzera pagalimoto.

Pamatayala ndi ma tire-semi, ngati kuli kotheka, mabuleki amtundu wamagetsi ndi ma hydraulic amathanso kukhazikitsidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, chimodzi mwazitsulo chiyenera kupangidwa ndi semiaxes, pakati pomwe wopangirayo adzaikidwenso.

Tiyeni tifotokozere mwachidule

Njira yothandizira braking ndiyofunika kuti mukhale ndi liwiro nthawi zonse mukamayendetsa kutsetsereka kwakutali. Izi zimachepetsa katundu pamabuleki, ndikuwonjezera moyo wawo wantchito.