Kodi kugogoda sensor ndi momwe mungayang'anire
Zamkatimu
A kugogoda kudziwika kachipangizo (DD) mu masilindala injini sanali zofunika zodziwikiratu mu kachitidwe woyamba kulamulira injini, ndipo m'masiku a mfundo zosavuta kulinganiza magetsi ndi poyatsira mafuta ICEs, kuyaka kwachilendo kwa osakaniza sikunayang'anidwe pa zonse. Koma injiniyo inakhala yovuta kwambiri, zofunikira zogwirira ntchito bwino ndi kutulutsa chiyero zinawonjezeka kwambiri, zomwe zimafuna kuwonjezeka kwa kulamulira ntchito yawo nthawi iliyonse.
Zosakaniza zowonda komanso zosauka kwambiri, kuphatikizika kwakukulu ndi zinthu zina zofananira zimayenera kugwira ntchito mosalekeza pafupi ndi kuphulika popanda kudutsa malire awa.
Kodi sensor yogogoda ili kuti ndipo imakhudza chiyani
Nthawi zambiri DD imayikidwa pa phiri la ulusi ku chipika cha silinda, pafupi ndi silinda yapakati pafupi ndi zipinda zoyaka. Malo ake amatsimikiziridwa ndi ntchito zomwe akuyenera kuchita.
Mwachidule, sensa yogogoda ndi maikolofoni yomwe imatenga mawu omveka bwino opangidwa ndi mafunde a detonation akugunda makoma a zipinda zoyaka.
Mafundewa pawokha ndi chifukwa cha kuyaka kwachilendo m'masilinda pa liwiro lalikulu kwambiri. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa ndondomeko yowonongeka ndi kuphulika kumakhala kofanana ndi pamene phokoso loyendetsa ufa mu mfuti ya mfuti ndi kuphulika kwamtundu wa kuphulika, komwe kumapangidwa ndi projectile kapena grenade, ntchito.
Mfuti imayaka pang'onopang'ono ndikukankhira, ndipo zomwe zili mu bomba zimaphwanya ndikuwononga. Kusiyana kwa liwiro la kufalikira kwa malire a kuyaka. Akaphulitsidwa, amakhala okwera nthawi zambiri.
Kuti asawonetse magawo a injini pakuwonongeka, kuchitika kwa detonation kuyenera kuzindikirika ndikuyimitsidwa munthawi yake. Kalekale, zinali zotheka kuzigula pamtengo wogwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo komanso kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe pofuna kupewa kuwononga chisakanizocho.
Pang'onopang'ono, luso la magalimoto linafika pamlingo wakuti nkhokwe zonse zinatha. Zinali zofunikira kukakamiza injini kuti izimitse kuphulika kwake komwe kunalipo. Ndipo galimotoyo inali yomangirizidwa ndi "khutu" la kulamulira kwamayimbidwe, lomwe linakhala sensa yogogoda.
Mkati mwa DD muli chinthu cha piezoelectric chomwe chimatha kutembenuza ma acoustic sign amtundu wina ndikukhala amagetsi.
Pambuyo pokulitsa ma oscillations mu gawo lowongolera injini (ECU), chidziwitsocho chimasinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe adijito ndikuperekedwa ku ubongo wamagetsi.
Ma algorithm ogwiritsiridwa ntchito amakhala ndi kukana kwakanthawi kochepa kwa ngodya ndi mtengo wokhazikika, kutsatiridwa ndi kubwerera pang'onopang'ono kumayendedwe oyenera. Zosungira zilizonse sizovomerezeka pano, chifukwa zimachepetsa mphamvu ya injini, ndikuyikakamiza kuti igwire ntchito mopanda malire.
Kutsata kumachitika mu nthawi yeniyeni pamtunda wapamwamba, zomwe zimakulolani kuti muyankhe mwamsanga ku maonekedwe a "kulira", kuteteza kuti zisawononge kutentha ndi kuwononga kwanuko.
Mwa kulunzanitsa ma siginecha ndi crankshaft ndi camshaft udindo masensa, inu mukhoza kudziwa kumene yamphamvu makamaka zinthu zoopsa zimachitika.
Mitundu yama sensa
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a spectral, mbiriyakale pali awiri a iwo - zomveka и Broadband.
Poyambirira, kutchulidwa komveka kumawu omveka bwino kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera chidwi. Amadziwika pasadakhale kuti sipekitiramu amaperekedwa ndi mbali akuvutika ndi mantha yoweyula, ndi pa iwo kuti sensa ndi constructively kuchunidwa.
Sensor yamtundu wa Broadband ili ndi chidwi chochepa, koma imatenga kusinthasintha kwama frequency osiyanasiyana. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wogwirizanitsa zidazo komanso osasankha mawonekedwe awo a injini inayake, komanso kuthekera kwakukulu kolanda ma siginecha ofooka sikuli kofunikira, detonation ili ndi voliyumu yokwanira yamayimbidwe.
Kuyerekeza kwa masensa amitundu yonseyi kunapangitsa kuti m'malo mwa ma resonant DD asinthe. Pakalipano, ma sensor a toroidal olumikizana ndi awiri okha omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, okhazikika pa chipika chokhala ndi cholembera chapakati chokhala ndi nati.
Zizindikiro
Pa ntchito yachibadwa ya injini, sensa yogogodayo situlutsa zizindikiro zoopsa ndipo sichita nawo ntchito yolamulira mwanjira iliyonse. Pulogalamu ya ECU imachita zonse molingana ndi makhadi ake osokedwa pamtima, mitundu yokhazikika imapereka kuyaka kwamafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya wopanda mpweya.
Koma ndi kupatuka kwakukulu kwa kutentha m'zipinda zoyaka, kuphulika kumatha kuchitika. Ntchito ya DD ndikupereka chizindikiro munthawi yake kuti athetse ngoziyo. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti phokoso la khalidwe limamveka kuchokera pansi pa hood, zomwe pazifukwa zina ndizozoloŵera kuti madalaivala azitcha phokoso la zala.
Ngakhale kwenikweni palibe zala zikugogoda panthawi imodzimodzi, ndipo mlingo waukulu wa voliyumu umachokera ku kugwedezeka kwa korona wa pisitoni, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi funde lamoto wophulika. Ichi ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha kusagwira bwino ntchito kwadongosolo lowongolera.
Zizindikiro zosalunjika zidzawoneka kuwonongeka kwa mphamvu ya injini, kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwake, mpaka maonekedwe a kuyatsa, ndi kulephera kwa ECU kulimbana ndi vutoli mwachizolowezi. Zochita za pulogalamu yolamulira muzochitika zoterezi zidzakhala kuyatsa kwa babu la "Check Engine".
Nthawi zambiri, ECU imayang'anira ntchito ya sensor yogogoda. Milingo yazizindikiro zake imadziwika ndikusungidwa kukumbukira. Dongosolo limafanizira zomwe zikuchitika pano ndi kuchuluka kwa kulolerana ndipo, ngati zopotoka zizindikirika, nthawi imodzi ndikuphatikizidwa kwachiwonetsero, zimasunga ma code olakwika.
Izi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowonjezereka kapena kuchepa kwa milingo ya siginecha ya DD, komanso kupumula kwathunthu kuzungulira kwake. Zizindikiro zolakwika zimatha kuwerengedwa ndi kompyuta yomwe ili pa board kapena scanner yakunja kudzera pa cholumikizira chowunikira.
Zizindikiro zolakwika zimatha kuwerengedwa ndi kompyuta yomwe ili pa board kapena scanner yakunja kudzera pa cholumikizira chowunikira.
Ngati mulibe chida chodziwira matenda, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mumvetsere za autoscanner yamitundu yambiri Jambulani Chida Pro Black Edition.
A mbali ya chitsanzo Korea zopangidwa ndi matenda a injini, monga ambiri bajeti zitsanzo Chinese, komanso zigawo zina ndi misonkhano ya galimoto (gearbox, kachitidwe ABS wothandiza, kufala, ESP, etc.).
Komanso, chipangizo ichi n'zogwirizana ndi magalimoto ambiri kuyambira 1993, ntchito stably popanda kutaya kugwirizana ndi mapulogalamu onse otchuka matenda ndipo ali mtengo mwachilungamo angakwanitse.
Momwe mungayang'anire sensor yogogoda
Podziwa chipangizo ndi mfundo ya ntchito DD, mukhoza kufufuza izo mwachilungamo losavuta njira, pochotsa mu injini ndi m'malo, kuphatikizapo mwachindunji pa injini kuthamanga.
Kuyeza kwa magetsi
Multimeter imalumikizidwa ndi sensa yochotsedwa pa cylinder block mumayendedwe amagetsi. Kupinda pang'onopang'ono thupi la DD kudzera pa screwdriver yomwe imalowetsedwa mu dzenje la manja, munthu akhoza kutsata momwe kristalo wa piezoelectric imapangidwira ku mphamvu yopunduka.
Maonekedwe a voteji pa cholumikizira ndi mtengo wake wa dongosolo la makumi awiri kapena atatu ma millivolts pafupifupi amasonyeza thanzi la chipangizo piezoelectric jenereta ndi mphamvu yake kupanga chizindikiro poyankha zochita makina.
Kukana muyeso
Masensa ena amakhala ndi chopinga chomangidwira cholumikizidwa ngati shunt. Mtengo wake uli pa dongosolo la makumi kapena mazana a kΩ. Dera lotseguka kapena lalifupi mkati mwa mlanduwo likhoza kukhazikitsidwa mwa kulumikiza ma multimeter omwewo munjira yoyezera kukana.
Chipangizocho chiyenera kusonyeza mtengo wa shunt resistor, popeza piezocrystal palokha ili ndi kukana kwakukulu kosawerengeka komwe sikungayesedwe ndi multimeter wamba. Pankhaniyi, kuwerengera kwa chipangizocho kudzadaliranso mphamvu yamakina pa kristalo chifukwa cha mbadwo wamagetsi, womwe umasokoneza kuwerenga kwa ohmmeter.
Kuyang'ana sensor pa cholumikizira cha ECU
Popeza tatsimikiza kukhudzana kofunikira kwa cholumikizira chowongolera cha ECU kuchokera kudera lamagetsi lagalimoto, mawonekedwe a sensa amatha kuyang'aniridwa mokwanira, ndikuphatikiza mabwalo opangira ma waya.
Pa cholumikizira chochotsedwa, miyeso yofanana ikuchitika monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kusiyana kudzakhala cheke panthawi imodzi ya thanzi la chingwe. Kupindika ndi kugwedeza mawaya kuonetsetsa kuti palibe vuto loyendayenda pamene kukhudzana kukuwonekera ndikuzimiririka kuchokera ku makina ogwedezeka. Izi zimakhudzidwa makamaka ndi malo owononga kumene mawaya amaikidwa muzitsulo zolumikizira.
Ndi kompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi kuyatsa, mutha kuyang'ana kupezeka kwa voliyumu yowunikira pa sensa ndi kulondola kwa magawo ake ndi zopinga zakunja ndi zomangidwa, ngati izi zimaperekedwa ndi dera lagalimoto inayake.
Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo cha +5 Volt chimakhala pafupifupi theka ndipo chizindikiro cha AC chimapangidwa kumbuyo kwa gawo ili la DC.
Oscilloscope kufufuza
Njira yolondola kwambiri komanso yokwanira yopangira zida idzafuna kugwiritsa ntchito oscilloscope yamagalimoto osungira digito kapena cholumikizira cha oscilloscope pakompyuta yowunikira.
Mukagunda thupi la DD, ziwoneka pazenera kuchuluka kwa chinthu cha piezoelectric chomwe chimatha kupanga mbali zotsetsereka za siginecha ya detonation, ngati zivomezi zazikulu za sensa zimagwira ntchito bwino, kupewa kutulutsa konyowa kwakunja, komanso ngati matalikidwe ake. za chizindikiro chotuluka ndi chokwanira.
Njirayi imafunikira chidziwitso chokwanira pakuwunika komanso chidziwitso chamitundu yofananira ya chipangizo chothandizira.
Kuzindikira injini yogwira ntchito
Njira yosavuta yowonera sikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyezera zamagetsi. Injini imayamba ndipo imawonetsedwa pa liwiro lochepera pafupifupi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kugunda kwapakatikati pa sensa yogogoda, mutha kuwona momwe makompyuta amawonekera pamawonekedwe ake.
Payenera kukhala kubwereza pafupipafupi kwa nthawi yoyatsira ndi kutsika kogwirizana ndi liwiro la injini yokhazikika. Njirayi imafunikira luso linalake, popeza si ma motors onse omwe amayankha mofanana ndi kuyesa koteroko.
Ena "amazindikira" chizindikiro chogogoda chokha mkati mwa gawo lopapatiza la kuzungulira kwa ma camshafts, omwe amafunikabe kufikira. Zowonadi, molingana ndi malingaliro a ECU, kuphulika sikungachitike, mwachitsanzo, pakuwotcha kapena kumayambiriro kwa kupsinjika.
Kusintha chojambulira cha knock
DD imatanthawuza zomata, zomwe m'malo mwake sizipereka zovuta zilizonse. Thupi la chipangizocho limakhazikika bwino pa stud ndikuchotsa, ndikwanira kumasula mtedza umodzi ndikuchotsa cholumikizira magetsi.
Nthawi zina, m'malo mwa stud, bolt yokhala ndi ulusi mu thupi la chipika imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zovuta zimatha kubwera ndi dzimbiri la kulumikizana kwa ulusi, popeza chipangizocho ndi chodalirika kwambiri ndipo kuchotsedwa kwake ndikosowa kwambiri.
Mafuta olowera m'njira zonse, omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa wrench yamadzi, amathandizira.
