Kodi ofufuza amayang'ana chiyani poyang'ana galimoto kuti iwunikenso luso?

Kuti athe kusuntha kuchoka pamsewu, galimotoyo iyenera kukhala yabwino kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake galimoto iliyonse iyenera kulembetsedwa pafupipafupi ku Technical Inspection Point (SKP). Nayi mikhalidwe yoti ulendo wotere usakhale wopanda nkhawa ndikumaliza ndi sitampu mu satifiketi yolembetsa.

Nthawi zonse ndi bwino kuyamba ndi tanthawuzo, chifukwa madalaivala ambiri amasokoneza mfundo zofunika zokhudzana ndi kusunga galimoto yawo bwino. Kuyang'anira (makina kapena periodic) ndikupita ku msonkhano kukakonza nthawi ndi nthawi, yomwe imakhala m'malo mwa madzi ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pakuiyendera, amakanika amayang'ananso (kapena ayenera) ngati galimotoyo ndi yabwino komanso ngati ikufunika kukonzedwa mwachangu.

Kuyang'ana mwaukadaulo ndi mtundu wa cheke ngati dalaivala akusamalira bwino galimoto yake komanso kuti makaniko omwe adayendera agwira ntchito yawo moyenera poyang'ana chitetezo cha pamsewu. Chifukwa chake, woyimira malamulo amayesa kuwonetsetsa kuti magalimoto onse omwe amaloledwa pamsewu ali mumkhalidwe waukadaulo womwe sungakhale wowopsa kwa okwera ndi ena ogwiritsa ntchito misewu. Kuonjezera apo, galimotoyo imazindikiridwa ndipo zofunikira zowonjezera zida zimafufuzidwa, zomwe kwa magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto zimaphatikizapo chozimitsira moto (min. 1 kg, mtundu wa ndege) ndi makona atatu ochenjeza.

Kuyendera mwaukadaulo ndikofunikira pamagalimoto onse olembetsedwa omwe amayenda pafupipafupi m'misewu yathu, kupatula ma trailer amagetsi. Kwa magalimoto onyamula anthu, mayeso oyamba ayenera kuchitidwa mkati mwa zaka zitatu kuyambira tsiku lolembetsa koyamba, chotsatira - mkati mwa zaka ziwiri zikubwerazi ndi mayeso aliwonse - pasanathe chaka chimodzi chitatha chaka cham'mbuyo. Lamuloli siliyenera kukumbukiridwa, tsiku lomaliza la kafukufuku wotsatira waumisiri nthawi zonse limawonetsedwa mu chikalata cholembetsa. Pambuyo pa tsikuli, galimotoyo imataya ufulu woyendetsa pamsewu, chifukwa imatengedwa kuti ndi yosagwira ntchito. Kupatulapo pa lamuloli ndi magalimoto a retro omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa anthu ogulitsa, omwe woyimira malamulo adapereka mayeso amodzi aukadaulo asanalembetse, osawachotsera kufunikira kwa mayeso owonjezera. Mtengo wowunikira ukadaulo umakhazikitsidwa ndi lamulo ndipo pamagalimoto oyambira ndi PLN 98.

Ngati, pakuwunika kwanthawi zonse, apolisi apeza kuti palibe kuyendera kwaukadaulo kovomerezeka, wapolisi amayenera kusunga chikalata cholembetsa. Dalaivala amalandira chilolezo chosakhalitsa (masiku 7) kuti apititse kuyendera, koma akhoza kulipiritsidwa. Sabata silochuluka, makamaka ngati ikufunika kukonza bwino. Chilango chachikulu chingakhale kukana kupereka chipukuta misozi pakachitika ngozi kapena kuchepetsa ndalamazo. Lingaliro laposachedwa ndi kuwirikiza kawiri malipiro a "oyiwala" ndikuwatumiza kumalo oyendera apadera, otchedwa Vehicle Inspection Station (CTT). Padzakhala anthu khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi okha m’dziko lonselo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa dalaivala wachisanu aliyense amachedwa kuti awonedwe. Monga mukuonera, pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe simuyenera kupeputsa tsiku loyendera lotsatira.

Avereji yaukadaulo wamagalimoto oyenda m'misewu yathu yapita patsogolo kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Komabe, pafupifupi 15% ya magalimoto omwe amalowa mu SPC samayesedwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kunyalanyaza kusamalira bwino, i.e. oyendetsa ndi amene ali ndi mlandu. Pofuna kupewa zodabwitsa zosasangalatsa ndi mpikisano wotsutsana ndi chiphaso, ndi bwino kukonzekera ulendo wopita ku msonkhano musanayambe kuyang'anitsitsa luso, ndikuyitanitsa kuyendera galimoto mokhudzana ndi izi.

Mkati mwagalimoto

Chekecho chimayamba ndi khomo lolowera mayeso, koma dokotala asanatsike mumtsinje (kapena kukweza galimotoyo pamtunda), amayendera mkati mwa galimotoyo. Sipayenera kukhala kuseweredwa kwambiri pachiwongolero, komanso padashboard pasakhale zowunikira zowonetsa vuto lalikulu, monga makina a ABS kapena chikwama cha gasi. Kumangirira kwa mipando kumafufuzidwanso, zomwe siziyenera kukhala dzimbiri, komanso malo omwe malamba amamangirira.

Chassis, i.e. kuyendetsa chitetezo

Phunziroli likukhudza zinthu zingapo, koma zofunika kwambiri ndizokhudzana ndi chitetezo choyendetsa galimoto. Pali zigawo zingapo zazikulu mu chassis zomwe ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi wofufuza. Izi zikuphatikizapo braking system, kuyimitsidwa, chiwongolero, matayala, komanso zinthu zothandizira galimoto.

Dongosolo la braking limawunikidwa bwino. The diagnostician ayenera zowoneka fufuzani mmene mikangano linings ndi ananyema zimbale - pamwamba awo ayenera kukhala yosalala ndi popanda ming'alu. Mipaipi ya mabuleki iyeneranso kukhala yabwino, mipope yofewa isakhale chifunga, payipi zolimba zisawonongeke moyipa. Mukayesedwa pamayimidwe oyenerera, mayendedwe a ma brake system amawunikidwa, kusiyana pakati pa mawilo a axle opatsidwa sikuyenera kupitilira zovomerezeka, brake yothandizira iyenera kukhala yabwino.

Kuyimitsidwa ndi chinthu china chofunikira chomwe chimayendetsedwa panthawi yomwe amatchedwa jerk. Choncho, kusewera mopitirira muyeso kumazindikiridwa. Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti si chitonthozo chathu chokha, zala zogwedezeka kwambiri zimatha kutuluka pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto, zomwe zingathe kutha momvetsa chisoni. Zitsamba zong'ambika kapena zonyamula zimafunikiranso kukonzedwa. The diagnostician amayang'ananso mkhalidwe wa akasupe kwa ming'alu ndi kusakhalapo kwa kutayikira mu zosokoneza mantha.

Monga tanenera kale, sikuyenera kukhala kuseweredwa mopitirira muyeso pa chiwongolero kapena kugogoda mu chiwongolero. Mkhalidwe wa malekezero a ndodo zowongolera amafufuzidwa pansi pa galimoto. Monga momwe zilili ndi kuyimitsidwa koyimitsidwa, chikhalidwe chawo chimakhudza mwachindunji chitetezo chathu. Diagnostician amayenera kuyang'ana momwe matayala alili, kuya kwake kocheperako ndi 1,6 mm, matayala sayenera kukhala ndi ming'alu. Matayala okhala ndi mapondedwe omwewo ayenera kuyikidwa pa ekisi imodzi.

M'magalimoto akale, pali vuto la dzimbiri m'kabati, lomwe ndi loopsa kwambiri kwa zinthu zonyamula galimoto. Zilonda za dzimbiri, zingwe kapena, mwachitsanzo, chimango pankhani ya ma SUV ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe lingapangitse galimoto yathu kukhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chinthu chofunikira pamndandandawu ndikuwunika kutulutsa kwazinthu zazikulu zamagalimoto. Kutuluka thukuta pang'ono sikuika pachiwopsezo chopambana mayeso, koma ngati kutayikirako kuli koopsa kapena wodziwa matendawo atsimikiza kuti akhoza kuwopseza chitetezo cham'galimoto posachedwa, atha kupereka mphotho yolakwika. Dongosolo la utsi ndi gawo lomaliza la chassis kuti liwunikidwe. Dzimbiri lapamtunda ndilovomerezeka, koma chotchinga chadzimbiri kapena mabowo a mapaipi amalepheretsa mayesowo kuti asadutse.