Museum of Secret Immigration ndi Navy ku Haifa
Haifa, yomwe ili kumpoto kwa Israeli, si mzinda wachitatu waukulu kwambiri mdzikolo - ndi kwawo kwa anthu pafupifupi 270. okhalamo, komanso m'matawuni pafupifupi 700 - komanso doko lofunikira, komanso malo akulu kwambiri ankhondo aku Israeli. Chomalizachi chikufotokozera chifukwa chake nyumba yosungiramo zankhondo, yomwe imatchedwa Museum of Secret Immigration ndi Navy, ili pano.
Dzina lachilendoli limachokera ku chiyambi cha asilikali ankhondo aku Israeli, omwe magwero awo amawona muzochitika zomwe zidachitika kale, panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, komanso pakati pa kutha kwa mkangano wapadziko lonse ndi kulengeza kwa boma ndi cholinga chosaloledwa. (kuchokera ku kawonedwe ka British) Ayuda kupita ku Palestine. Popeza nkhaniyi ndi pafupifupi osadziwika kwathunthu ku Poland, ndi bwino kulabadira.
Kusamuka kwachinsinsi komanso chiyambi cha Navy ya Israeli
Lingaliro lakukonzekera kusamukira kwachiyuda kupita ku gawo la Palestine Mandate, kudutsa njira za Britain, linabadwa pakati pa zaka za 17. Zomwe zili ku Ulaya, London idzapereka nsembe kwa Ayuda othawa kwawo m'dzina la kusunga ubale wabwino ndi Aarabu. Maulosi amenewa anakhala oona. Pa Epulo 1939, 5, a British adafalitsa "White Book", zolemba zake zikuwonetsa kuti m'zaka 75 zikubwerazi anthu XNUMX okha ndi omwe adaloledwa kulowa m'gawo lomwe adalamulidwa. Ayuda ochokera kumayiko ena. Poyankha, a Zionist adakulitsa ntchito yolowa m'dzikolo. Chiyambi cha nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse sichinasinthe ndondomeko ya Foggy Albion. Izi zinayambitsa, mwa zina, ku masoka omwe zombo za Patria ndi Struma zinagwira ntchito yaikulu.
The Patria anali pafupifupi 26 wazaka French sitima yonyamula katundu (yomangidwa mu 1914, 11 BRT, Fabre mzere ku Marseille) pomwe 885 Ayuda ananyamula, m'mbuyomo anamangidwa pa zombo zitatu panyanja Romanian Atlantic, Pacific Ocean ndi Milos, kuchokera ku Tulcea. . A British anali kuwathamangitsira ku Mauritius. Pofuna kupewa zimenezi, gulu lankhondo lachiyuda la Hagana, linasakaza ngalawayo n’kuichititsa kuti isawonongeke. Komabe, zotsatira zake zinaposa zomwe oimbawo ankayembekezera. Pambuyo pa kuphulika kwa mabomba omwe ankawazembetsa, Patria anamira pa November 1904, 25 pamsewu wa Haifa pamodzi ndi anthu 1940 (Ayuda 269 ndi asilikali 219 a ku Britain omwe ankawalondera anamwalira).
Koma Struma anali bwato la ku Bulgaria lokhala ndi mbendera yaku Panama lomwe linamangidwa mu 1867 ndipo poyambirira linkagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula ng'ombe. Anagulidwa ndi zopereka kuchokera kwa mamembala a bungwe la Zionist la Betar, mothandizidwa ndi gulu la anthu olemera omwe ankafuna kuthandiza pa chilichonse kuti achoke ku Romania, yomwe inkakonda kwambiri Ayuda. Pa Disembala 12, 1941, sitima ya Struma yodzaza kwambiri, yokhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 800, inanyamuka kupita ku Istanbul. Kumeneko, chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa ndi olamulira a Britain, okwera ake sanaloledwe kutsika, komanso kulowa m'nyanja ya Mediterranean. Patatha milungu 10 ya vutolo, anthu a ku Turkey anakakamizika sitimayo kubwerera ku Black Sea, ndipo chifukwa inali ndi injini yolakwika, inakokedwa pafupifupi makilomita 15 kuchokera ku gombe ndikuisiya. M’ngalawamo munali anthu 768, kuphatikizapo ana oposa zana limodzi. Pa February 24, 1942, Struma yoyendetsa ndege inapezedwa ndi sitima yapamadzi ya Soviet Shch-213. Ngakhale kuti nyengo inali yabwino, mkulu wake, Captain S. Mar. Denezhko adayika sitimayo ngati gawo la adani ndikuyimiza ndi torpedo. Mwa apaulendo achiyuda, m'modzi yekha adapulumuka (anamwalira mu 2014).
Kusamuka kwachinsinsi kunakula pambuyo pa kutha kwa Nkhondo Yadziko II. Kenako idatenga pafupifupi munthu wamkulu. Tsogolo la ngalawa ya Eksodo lakhala chithunzi chake. Chigawochi chinagulidwa mu 1945 ku USA. Komabe, mpaka kumayambiriro kwa 1947, zokambirana za ku Britain zinatha kuchedwetsa ulendo wopita ku Ulaya. Pamene ulendo wa Ekisodo udayamba ndipo pambuyo pa zovuta zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuthana ndi zopinga zosiyanasiyana zochulukitsidwa ndi a British, adafika kunja kwa Haifa ndi okhazikikawo ndipo adagwidwa ndi Royal Navy pa July 18.
