Makamera ambiri m'malo mwa ma megapixel

Kujambula m'mafoni a m'manja kwadutsa kale nkhondo yaikulu ya megapixel, yomwe palibe amene angapambane, chifukwa panali zofooka za thupi m'masensa ndi kukula kwa mafoni a m'manja omwe amalepheretsa kuwonjezereka kwa miniaturization. Tsopano pali njira yofanana ndi mpikisano, yemwe adzayika kwambiri pa kamera (1). Mulimonsemo, pamapeto pake, ubwino wa zithunzi ndi wofunikira nthawi zonse.

Mu theka loyamba la 2018, chifukwa cha ma prototypes awiri atsopano a kamera, kampani yosadziwika ya Kuwala inalankhula mokweza kwambiri, yomwe imapereka teknoloji yamagalasi ambiri - osati nthawi yake, koma kwa zitsanzo zina za smartphone. Ngakhale kampaniyo, monga MT adalemba panthawiyo, kale mu 2015 Chithunzi cha L16 okhala ndi magalasi khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi (1), m'miyezi ingapo yapitayi pomwe makamera akuchulutsa m'maselo ayamba kutchuka.

Kamera yodzaza ndi magalasi

Chitsanzo choyamba ichi chochokera ku Kuwala chinali kamera yaying'ono (osati foni yam'manja) ya kukula kwa foni yomwe inapangidwa kuti ipereke khalidwe la DSLR. Idawombera mpaka ma megapixels 52, yomwe idapereka utali wotalikirapo wa 35-150mm, mawonekedwe apamwamba pakuwala kochepa, komanso kuzama kosinthika. Chilichonse chimatheka chifukwa chophatikiza makamera amafoni khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi m'thupi limodzi. Palibe mwa magalasi ambiriwa omwe amasiyana ndi mawonedwe amtundu wa mafoni. Chosiyana chinali chakuti iwo anasonkhanitsidwa mu chipangizo chimodzi.

2. Makamera opangira ma lens angapo

Pojambula, chithunzicho chinajambulidwa nthawi imodzi ndi makamera khumi, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe akeake. Zithunzi zonse zojambulidwa motere zinaphatikizidwa kukhala chithunzi chimodzi chachikulu, chomwe chinali ndi deta yonse kuchokera pakuwonekera kamodzi. Dongosololi limalola kusintha kuya kwa gawo ndi mfundo zachithunzi chomalizidwa. Zithunzi zidasungidwa mumitundu ya JPG, TIFF kapena RAW DNG. Mtundu wa L16 womwe umapezeka pamsika unalibe kuwala komweko, koma zithunzi zitha kuwunikira pogwiritsa ntchito nyali yaying'ono yomwe ili m'thupi.

Chiwonetserocho mu 2015 chinali ndi chidwi. Izi sizinakope chidwi cha omvera ambiri komanso omvera ambiri. Komabe, popeza Foxconn adachita ngati Investor mu Kuwala, zochitika zina sizinadabwe. Mwachidule, izi zidachokera ku chidwi chowonjezereka cha yankho kuchokera kumakampani omwe amagwirizana ndi opanga zida zaku Taiwan. Ndipo makasitomala a Foxconn onse ndi Apple komanso, makamaka Blackberry, Huawei, Microsoft, Motorola kapena Xiaomi.

Ndipo kotero, mu 2018, zambiri zidawonekera za ntchito ya Kuwala pamakina amakamera ambiri mumafoni amafoni. Kenako zidapezeka kuti zoyambitsazo zidagwirizana ndi Nokia, yomwe idayambitsa foni yoyamba yamakamera asanu padziko lonse lapansi ku MWC ku Barcelona mu 2019. Chitsanzo 9 Maonedwe Oyera (3) yokhala ndi makamera amitundu iwiri ndi makamera atatu a monochrome.

Sveta adalongosola patsamba la Quartz kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu kuwiri pakati pa L16 ndi Nokia 9 PureView. Yotsirizirayi imagwiritsa ntchito makina atsopano opangira zithunzi kuti azisoka zithunzi kuchokera kumagalasi amodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe a Nokia amaphatikiza makamera osiyana ndi omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Kuwala, okhala ndi ZEISS Optics kuti ajambule kuwala kochulukirapo. Makamera atatu amajambula kuwala kwakuda ndi koyera kokha.

Makamera osiyanasiyana, iliyonse yokhala ndi ma megapixels 12, imapereka mphamvu zambiri pakuzama kwazithunzi ndikulola ogwiritsa ntchito kujambula zambiri zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosawoneka ndi kamera wamba yam'manja. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi mafotokozedwe ofalitsidwa, PureView 9 imatha kujambula kuwala kowirikiza kakhumi kuposa zida zina ndipo imatha kupanga zithunzi zokhala ndi ma megapixels a 240.

Kuyamba mwadzidzidzi kwa mafoni a makamera ambiri

Kuwala sindiko kokha komwe kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe m'derali. Kampani yaku Korea LG patent ya Novembala 2018 ikufotokoza kuphatikiza ma angle osiyanasiyana a kamera kuti apange kanema kakang'ono kokumbutsa zolengedwa za Apple Live Photos kapena zithunzi zochokera ku zida za Lytro, zomwe MT idalembanso zaka zingapo zapitazo, kulanda munda wowala wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osinthika. .

Malinga ndi patent ya LG, yankholi limatha kuphatikiza ma data osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku magalasi osiyanasiyana kuti adule zinthu kuchokera pachithunzicho (mwachitsanzo, pankhani yazithunzi kapena kusintha kwathunthu). Zachidziwikire, iyi ndi patent chabe pakadali pano, osawonetsa kuti LG ikukonzekera kuyigwiritsa ntchito pafoni. Komabe, ndi nkhondo yomwe ikukulirakulira yojambula zithunzi za mafoni a m'manja, mafoni okhala ndi izi atha kulowa pamsika mwachangu kuposa momwe timaganizira.

Monga momwe tiwonera pophunzira mbiri ya makamera a lens ambiri, machitidwe azipinda ziwiri siatsopano nkomwe. Komabe, kuyika makamera atatu kapena kupitilira apo ndi nyimbo ya miyezi khumi yapitayi..

Pakati pa opanga mafoni akuluakulu, Huawei waku China ndiye anali wothamanga kwambiri kubweretsa makamera atatu pamsika. Kale mu Marichi 2018, adapereka Huawei P20 Pro (4), yomwe idapereka magalasi atatu - wokhazikika, monochrome ndi telezoom, idayambitsidwa miyezi ingapo pambuyo pake. Mwamuna 20, komanso ndi makamera atatu.

Komabe, monga momwe zakhalira kale m'mbiri ya matekinoloje am'manja, munthu adangoyenera kufotokoza molimba mtima mayankho atsopano a Apple muzofalitsa zonse kuti ayambe kulankhula za kupambana ndi kusintha. Monga chitsanzo choyamba iPhone' pa mu 2007, msika wa mafoni odziwika kale "unayambitsidwa", ndipo woyamba IPad (koma osati piritsi loyamba konse) mu 2010, nthawi yamapiritsi idatsegulidwa, kotero mu Seputembara 2019, ma iPhones okhala ndi ma lens angapo "khumi ndi limodzi" (5) kuchokera ku kampani yokhala ndi apulo pachizindikiro amatha kuonedwa ngati chiyambi chadzidzidzi. nthawi ya mafoni am'manja amakamera ambiri.

Pro 11 Oraz 11 Pro Max yokhala ndi makamera atatu. Yoyamba ili ndi mandala azinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi okhala ndi mainchesi 26mm kutalika kwa f/1.8. Wopangayo akuti ili ndi sensor yatsopano ya 12-megapixel yokhala ndi 100% ya pixel, yomwe ingatanthauze yankho lofanana ndi lamakamera a Canon kapena mafoni a Samsung, pomwe pixel iliyonse imakhala ndi ma photodiode awiri.

Kamera yachiwiri ili ndi lens yotalikirapo (yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 13 mm ndi kuwala kwa f / 2.4), yokhala ndi matrix okhala ndi ma megapixels 12. Kuphatikiza pa ma module omwe akufotokozedwa, pali lens ya telephoto yomwe imachulukitsa kutalika kwapakati poyerekeza ndi mandala wamba. Awa ndi kabowo ka f/2.0. Sensor ili ndi malingaliro ofanana ndi ena. Ma lens onse a telephoto ndi mandala wamba ali ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika azithunzi.

M'mitundu yonse, tidzakumana ndi mafoni a Huawei, Google Pixel kapena Samsung. usiku mode. Ilinso ndi njira yothetsera machitidwe azinthu zambiri. Zili ndi mfundo yakuti kamera imatenga zithunzi zingapo ndi malipiro osiyana siyana, ndikuziphatikiza mu chithunzi chimodzi chokhala ndi phokoso lochepa komanso mphamvu za tonal.

Kamera mu foni - zidachitika bwanji?

Foni yoyamba ya kamera inali Samsung SCH-V200. Chipangizocho chinawonekera pamashelefu ogulitsa ku South Korea mu 2000.

Iye amakhoza kukumbukira zithunzi makumi awiri yokhala ndi ma megapixels 0,35. Komabe, kamera inali ndi vuto lalikulu - silinagwirizane bwino ndi foni. Pachifukwa ichi, akatswiri ena amawona kuti ndi chipangizo chosiyana, chotsekedwa muzochitika zomwezo, osati mbali yofunikira ya foni.

Zinthu zinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi nkhani ya J-Phone, ndiko kuti, foni yomwe Sharp inakonzekera msika wa Japan kumapeto kwa zaka chikwi zapitazo. Zipangizozi zidajambula zithunzi zotsika kwambiri za 0,11 megapixels, koma mosiyana ndi zomwe Samsung idapereka, zithunzizo zitha kusamutsidwa popanda zingwe komanso kuwonedwa mosavuta pafoni yam'manja. J-Phone ili ndi chowonetsera chamitundu chomwe chimawonetsa mitundu 256.

Mafoni am'manja asanduka chida chamakono kwambiri. Komabe, osati chifukwa cha Sanyo kapena J-Phone zida, koma malingaliro a zimphona zam'manja, makamaka panthawiyo Nokia ndi Sony Ericsson.

Nokia 7650 yokhala ndi kamera ya 0,3 megapixel. Inali imodzi mwa mafoni oyambirira omwe amapezeka kwambiri komanso otchuka. Anachitanso bwino pamsika. Sony Ericsson T68i. Palibe foni ngakhale imodzi yomwe ikanatha kulandira ndi kutumiza ma MMS nthawi imodzi. Komabe, mosiyana ndi zitsanzo zam'mbuyomu zomwe zidawunikiridwa pamndandandawo, kamera ya T68i idayenera kugulidwa padera ndikulumikizidwa ku foni yam'manja.

Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa zipangizozi, kutchuka kwa makamera mu mafoni a m'manja kunayamba kukula mofulumira kwambiri - kale mu 2003 iwo anagulitsidwa padziko lonse kuposa makamera muyezo digito.

Mu 2006, oposa theka la mafoni a m’manja padziko lonse anali ndi makamera opangidwa mkati. Patatha chaka chimodzi, wina adabwera ndi lingaliro loyika magalasi awiri mu cell ...

Kuchokera pa TV yam'manja kudzera pa 3D kupita ku zithunzi zabwinoko komanso zabwinoko

Mosiyana ndi maonekedwe, mbiri ya mayankho a makamera ambiri siifupi kwambiri. Samsung imapereka mwachitsanzo chake B710 (6) ma lens awiri kumbuyo mu 2007. Ngakhale kuti panthawiyo chidwi chochuluka chinaperekedwa ku luso la kamera iyi m'munda wa televizioni yam'manja, koma dongosolo la magalasi apawiri linapangitsa kuti zitheke kujambula zithunzi zojambula. 3D zotsatira. Tinayang'ana chithunzi chotsirizidwa pa chiwonetsero cha chitsanzo ichi popanda kufunikira kuvala magalasi apadera.

M'zaka zimenezo panali mafashoni aakulu a 3D, machitidwe a kamera ankawoneka ngati mwayi wobala izi.

LG Optimus 3D, yomwe inayamba mu February 2011, ndi HTC Evo 3D, yomwe idatulutsidwa mu Marichi 2011, idagwiritsa ntchito magalasi apawiri kupanga zithunzi za 3D. Anagwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyi yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga makamera "okhazikika" a 3D, pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi apawiri kuti apange chidziwitso chakuya muzithunzi. Izi zakonzedwa bwino ndi chiwonetsero cha 3D chopangidwa kuti muwone zithunzi zolandilidwa popanda magalasi.

Komabe, 3D idakhala yongodutsa chabe. Ndi kuchepa kwake, anthu anasiya kuganiza za makina a multicamera ngati chida chopezera zithunzi za stereographic.

Mulimonsemo, osati zambiri. Kamera yoyamba yopereka masensa azithunzi awiri pazolinga zofanana ndi masiku ano zinali HTC One M8 (7), yotulutsidwa mu Epulo 2014. Sensor yake yayikulu ya 4MP UltraPixel ndi sensor yachiwiri ya 2MP idapangidwa kuti izipanga kuzama kwazithunzi.

Lens yachiwiri idapanga mapu akuya ndikuyika muzotsatira zomaliza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amatha kupanga zotsatira kusamveka bwino chakumbuyo , kuyang'ananso chithunzicho ndi kukhudza kwa gulu lowonetsera, ndikuwongolera zithunzi mosavuta pamene mukusunga mutuwo ndikusintha maziko ngakhale mutawombera.

Komabe, pa nthawi imeneyo, si onse anamvetsa kuthekera kwa njira imeneyi. HTC One M8 mwina sikunali kulephera kwa msika, koma sikunali kutchuka makamaka. Nyumba ina yofunika kwambiri m'nkhaniyi, LG G5, inatulutsidwa mu February 2016. Imakhala ndi sensa yoyamba ya 16MP ndi sensor yachiwiri ya 8MP, yomwe ndi mandala aang'ono a digirii 135 omwe chipangizocho chitha kusinthidwa.

Mu Epulo 2016, Huawei adapereka chitsanzochi mogwirizana ndi Leica. P9, ndi makamera awiri kumbuyo. Mmodzi wa iwo adagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula mitundu ya RGB (), inayo idagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula zambiri za monochrome. Zinali pamaziko amtunduwu pomwe Huawei adapanga mtundu womwe tatchulawa wa P20.

Mu 2016 idayambitsidwanso pamsika iphone 7 plus ndi makamera awiri kumbuyo - onse 12-megapixel, koma ndi kutalika kosiyana. Kamera yoyamba inali ndi makulitsidwe a 23mm ndipo yachiwiri ndi makulitsidwe a 56mm, kubweretsa nthawi ya telephotography ya smartphone. Lingaliro linali lololeza wogwiritsa ntchito kuti awonekere popanda kutaya khalidwe - Apple inkafuna kuthetsa vuto lomwe linkaona kuti ndi vuto lalikulu pa kujambula kwa foni yamakono ndikupanga yankho lomwe likugwirizana ndi khalidwe la ogula. Idawonetsanso yankho la HTC, lomwe limapereka zotsatira za bokeh pogwiritsa ntchito mamapu akuya otengedwa kuchokera ku ma lens onse awiri.

Kufika kwa Huawei P20 Pro kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2018 kunatanthawuza kuphatikiza kwa mayankho onse omwe ayesedwa mpaka pano mu chipangizo chimodzi chokhala ndi kamera katatu. Lens ya varifocal yawonjezedwa ku RGB ndi monochrome sensor system, ndikugwiritsa ntchito Nzeru zochita kupanga idapereka zambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa ma optics ndi masensa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali njira yochititsa chidwi yausiku. Mtundu watsopanowu unali wopambana kwambiri ndipo pamsika udakhala wopambana, osati kamera ya Nokia yochititsa khungu ndi kuchuluka kwa magalasi kapena chinthu chodziwika bwino cha Apple.

Kalambulabwalo wazomwe zimakhala ndi makamera opitilira imodzi pafoni, Samsung (8) idabweretsanso kamera yokhala ndi magalasi atatu mu 2018. Icho chinali mu chitsanzo Samsung Galaxy A7.

8. Samsung Dual Lens Manufacturing Module

Komabe, wopanga adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito magalasi: nthawi zonse, ngodya yayikulu komanso diso lachitatu kuti apereke "chidziwitso chozama". Koma chitsanzo china Way A9, okwana magalasi anayi amaperekedwa: Ultra-wide, telephoto, standard camera and deep sensor.

Ndi zambiri chifukwa Pakadali pano, magalasi atatu akadali okhazikika. Kuphatikiza pa iPhone, mitundu yawo yapamwamba kwambiri monga Huawei P30 Pro ndi Samsung Galaxy S10 + ali ndi makamera atatu kumbuyo. Zachidziwikire, sitiwerengera ma lens ang'onoang'ono akuyang'ana kutsogolo..

Google ikuwoneka kuti ilibe chidwi ndi zonsezi. Ake mapikiselo 3 anali ndi kamera imodzi yabwino kwambiri pamsika ndipo amatha kuchita "chilichonse" ndi lens imodzi yokha.

Zida za Pixel zimagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu odzipereka kuti azitha kukhazikika, makulitsidwe, ndi kuya kwake. Zotsatira sizinali zabwino monga momwe zikanakhalira ndi ma lens angapo ndi masensa, koma kusiyana kwake kunali kochepa, ndipo mafoni a Google adapanga mipata yaying'ono yokhala ndi kuwala kochepa kwambiri. Monga zikuwoneka, komabe, posachedwapa mu chitsanzo mapikiselo 4, ngakhale Google pamapeto pake idasweka, ngakhale imangopereka magalasi awiri: nthawi zonse ndi telefoni.

Osati kumbuyo

Ndi chiyani chomwe chimapereka kuwonjezera kwa makamera owonjezera ku smartphone imodzi? Malinga ndi akatswiri, ngati ajambulitsa pautali wosiyanasiyana, amayika ma pobowo osiyanasiyana, ndikujambula magulu onse azithunzi kuti apititse patsogolo ma algorithmic processing (kupanga), izi zimapereka chiwonjezeko chowoneka bwino poyerekeza ndi zithunzi zomwe zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito kamera yafoni imodzi.

Zithunzi ndizowoneka bwino, zatsatanetsatane, zokhala ndi mitundu yachilengedwe komanso mitundu yosinthika kwambiri. Kuchita kwa kuwala kochepa kulinso bwino kwambiri.

Anthu ambiri omwe amawerenga za kuthekera kwa makina a lens ambiri amawagwirizanitsa makamaka ndi kusokoneza maziko a chithunzi cha bokeh, i.e. kubweretsa zinthu zopitirira kuya kwa munda kuti zisamawonekere. Koma si zokhazo.

Makamera amtunduwu akugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kulondola kwa mapu a XNUMXD, kuyambitsa chowonadi chowonjezeka ndi kuzindikira bwino nkhope ndi maonekedwe.

M'mbuyomu, mothandizidwa ndi mapulogalamu ndi luntha lochita kupanga, masensa owoneka bwino a mafoni a m'manja atenga ntchito monga kujambula kwamafuta, kumasulira zolemba zakunja kutengera zithunzi, kuzindikira magulu a nyenyezi omwe ali mumlengalenga wausiku, kapena kusanthula mayendedwe a wothamanga. Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera ambiri kumakulitsa kwambiri magwiridwe antchito apamwambawa. Ndipo koposa zonse, zimatibweretsa tonse pamodzi mu phukusi limodzi.

Mbiri yakale ya mayankho azinthu zambiri imasonyeza kufufuza kosiyana, koma vuto lovuta nthawi zonse lakhala lofunika kwambiri pakukonza deta, khalidwe la algorithm ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Pankhani ya mafoni amakono, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma processor amphamvu kwambiri kuposa kale, komanso mapurosesa amphamvu a digito, komanso luso la neural network, mavutowa achepetsedwa kwambiri.

Mwatsatanetsatane watsatanetsatane, kuthekera kwakukulu kowoneka bwino komanso makonda osinthika a bokeh pakali pano ali pamndandanda wazofunikira zamakono za kujambula kwa smartphone. Mpaka posachedwa, kuti akwaniritse, wogwiritsa ntchito foni yamakono amayenera kupepesa mothandizidwa ndi kamera yachikhalidwe. Osati kwenikweni lero.

Ndi makamera akuluakulu, kukongola kumabwera mwachibadwa pamene kukula kwa lens ndi kabowo kakukulu kokwanira kuti afikitse mdima wa analogi kulikonse kumene ma pixel sakuyang'ana. Mafoni am'manja ali ndi ma lens ndi masensa (9) omwe ndi aang'ono kwambiri kuti izi zitheke mwachilengedwe (mumalo a analogi). Choncho, ndondomeko kutsanzira mapulogalamu akupangidwa.

Ma pixel omwe ali kutali kwambiri ndi komwe akulunjika kapena komwe akulunjika amabisika pogwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwama algorithms a blur omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zithunzi. Mtunda wa pixel iliyonse kuchokera pamalo omwe akuwunikira ndi wabwino kwambiri komanso wothamanga kwambiri ndi zithunzi ziwiri zojambulidwa ~ 1 cm motalikirana.

Ndi kutalika kogawanika kosalekeza komanso kutha kuwombera mawonedwe onse awiri nthawi imodzi (kupewa phokoso loyenda), ndizotheka kufotokozera kuya kwa pixel iliyonse pachithunzi (pogwiritsa ntchito ma multiview stereo algorithm). Tsopano ndizosavuta kupeza kuyerekeza kwabwino kwa malo a pixel iliyonse pokhudzana ndi malo omwe mukuwunikira.

Sizophweka, koma mafoni a kamera awiri amapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosavuta chifukwa amatha kujambula zithunzi nthawi imodzi. Makina okhala ndi mandala amodzi ayenera kujambula kawiri motsatizana (kuchokera kumakona osiyanasiyana) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makulitsidwe osiyana.

Kodi pali njira yowonjezerera chithunzi popanda kutayika? telephoto ( zamaso). Kuwona kwakukulu kwenikweni komwe mungapeze pa foni yamakono ndi 5 × pa Huawei P30 Pro.

Mafoni ena amagwiritsa ntchito makina osakanizidwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zowoneka bwino komanso za digito, zomwe zimakulolani kuti muyang'ane pafupi popanda kutayika kowoneka bwino. Google Pixel 3 yomwe tatchulayi imagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu ovuta kwambiri apakompyuta pa izi, sizosadabwitsa kuti safuna magalasi owonjezera. Komabe, Quartet yakhazikitsidwa kale, kotero zikuwoneka zovuta kuchita popanda optics.

Mapangidwe a fiziki a lens wamba amapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyika lens yowonera mu thupi laling'ono la foni yamakono yapamwamba kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, opanga mafoni akwanitsa kukwaniritsa nthawi yayitali ya 2 kapena 3 nthawi ya kuwala chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chamakono cha sensor-lens smartphone. Kuonjezera mandala a telephoto nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza foni yonenepa, kachipangizo kakang'ono, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira chopindika.

Njira imodzi yowolokera poyambira ndiyo yotchedwa zovuta Optics (khumi). Sensa ya module ya kamera imapezeka molunjika mu foni ndipo imayang'anizana ndi mandala omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino omwe akuyenda mozungulira thupi la foni. Galasi kapena prism imayikidwa pakona yoyenera kuti iwonetse kuwala kuchokera pamalopo kupita ku lens ndi sensa.

10. Zojambula zamakono mu foni yamakono

Mapangidwe oyamba amtunduwu anali ndi galasi lokhazikika loyenera ma lens apawiri monga zinthu za Falcon ndi Corephotonics Hawkeye zomwe zimaphatikiza kamera yachikhalidwe komanso kapangidwe kake kamakono ka telephoto lens mugawo limodzi. Komabe, mapulojekiti ochokera kumakampani monga Kuwala akuyambanso kulowa mumsika, pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi osunthika kuti apange zithunzi zamakamera angapo.

Chosiyana kwambiri ndi telephoto kujambulidwa kotalikirana. M'malo moyandikira pafupi, kuyang'ana kwakukulu kumawonetsa zambiri zomwe zili patsogolo pathu. Kujambula kwa mbali zambiri kunayambitsidwa ngati dongosolo lachiwiri la lens pa LG G5 ndi mafoni otsatila.

Kusankha kwa mbali zazikulu kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri pojambula nthawi zosangalatsa, monga kukhala pagulu la anthu pa konsati kapena pamalo okulirapo kwambiri moti simungathe kujambula ndi lens yocheperako. Ndikwabwinonso kujambula mawonekedwe amzinda, nyumba zazitali, ndi zinthu zina zomwe magalasi wamba sangawone. Nthawi zambiri sipafunika kusinthira ku "mode" imodzi kapena ina, pomwe kamera ikusintha pamene mukuyandikira kapena kutali ndi mutuwo, womwe umalumikizana bwino ndi zomwe zimachitika mu kamera ya kamera. .

Malinga ndi LG, 50% ya ogwiritsa ntchito makamera apawiri amagwiritsa ntchito mandala akulu ngati kamera yawo yayikulu.

Pakadali pano, mzere wonse wa mafoni a m'manja uli ndi sensor yopangidwira masewera olimbitsa thupi. zithunzi za monochromei.e. wakuda ndi woyera. Ubwino wawo waukulu ndi wakuthwa, ndichifukwa chake ojambula ena amawakonda motero.

Mafoni amakono ndi anzeru mokwanira kuphatikiza kuthwa uku ndi chidziwitso kuchokera ku masensa amtundu kuti apange chimango chomwe chimawunikiridwa molondola kwambiri. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito sensa ya monochrome sikunali kosowa. Ngati aphatikizidwa, amatha kupatulidwa ndi magalasi ena. Izi zitha kupezeka muzokonda za pulogalamu ya kamera.

Chifukwa masensa a kamera sadzitengera okha mitundu, amafunikira pulogalamu Zosefera zamitundu za kukula kwa pixel. Zotsatira zake, pixel iliyonse imalemba mtundu umodzi wokha - nthawi zambiri wofiira, wobiriwira, kapena wabuluu.

Kuchuluka kwa ma pixel kumapangidwa kuti apange chithunzi cha RGB chogwiritsidwa ntchito, koma pali kusinthana komwe kumachitika. Choyamba ndi kutayika kwa chiganizo chomwe chimabwera chifukwa cha matrix amtundu, ndipo popeza pixel iliyonse imalandira kachigawo kakang'ono ka kuwala, kamera siimva ngati chipangizo chopanda mtundu wa fyuluta. Apa ndipamene wojambula wodziwa bwino kwambiri amabwera kudzapulumutsa ndi sensa ya monochrome yomwe imatha kujambula ndikujambula bwino zonse zomwe zilipo. Kuphatikiza chithunzi kuchokera ku kamera ya monochrome ndi chithunzi kuchokera ku kamera yayikulu ya RGB kumabweretsa chithunzi chomaliza chatsatanetsatane.

Sensa yachiwiri ya monochrome ndiyabwino kugwiritsa ntchito izi, koma si njira yokhayo. Archos, mwachitsanzo, akuchita zofanana ndi monochrome wamba, koma pogwiritsa ntchito sensa yowonjezereka ya RGB. Popeza makamera awiriwa amachokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndondomeko yogwirizanitsa ndi kugwirizanitsa zithunzi ziwirizi zimakhala zovuta, ndipo chithunzi chomaliza nthawi zambiri sichikhala chatsatanetsatane monga mtundu wapamwamba wa monochrome.

Komabe, chifukwa chake, timapeza kusintha koonekera bwino poyerekeza ndi chithunzi chotengedwa ndi module imodzi ya kamera.

Sensa yakuya, yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu makamera a Samsung, mwa zina, imalola kuti akatswiri aziwoneka bwino komanso kumasulira kwabwino kwa AR pogwiritsa ntchito makamera akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo. Komabe, mafoni apamwamba akusintha pang'onopang'ono masensa akuya mwa kuphatikiza njirayi mu makamera omwe amatha kuzindikiranso kuya, monga zida zokhala ndi ma Ultra-wide kapena telephoto lens.

Zachidziwikire, masensa akuya apitiliza kuwoneka m'mafoni otsika mtengo komanso omwe akufuna kupanga zozama popanda ma optics okwera mtengo, monga. moto g7.

Augmented Reality, i.e. kusintha kwenikweni

Foni ikamagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za makamera angapo kuti ipange mapu amtunda kuchokera pamalo ena (omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mapu akuya), imatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvuyo augmented Reality app (AR). Idzathandizira, mwachitsanzo, pakuyika ndi kuwonetsa zinthu zopangira pamalo owonekera. Ngati izi zachitika munthawi yeniyeni, zinthu zitha kukhala zamoyo ndikusuntha.

Apple yokhala ndi ARKit yake ndi Android yokhala ndi ARCore imapereka nsanja za AR zama foni a makamera ambiri. 

Chimodzi mwazitsanzo zabwino kwambiri zamayankho atsopano omwe akubwera ndi kuchuluka kwa mafoni okhala ndi makamera angapo ndi zomwe apeza a Silicon Valley oyambitsa Lucid. M'magulu ena amatha kudziwika kuti ndi Mlengi VR180 LucidCam ndi lingaliro laukadaulo la mapangidwe osintha a kamera Red 8K 3D. 

Akatswiri a Lucid apanga nsanja Chotsani 3D Fusion (11), yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito makina ophunzirira ndi ziwerengero kuti athe kuyeza kuya kwa zithunzi munthawi yeniyeni. Njirayi imalola zinthu zomwe sizinalipo kale pa mafoni a m'manja, monga kufufuza kwapamwamba kwa chinthu cha AR ndi gesticulation mumlengalenga pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zowoneka bwino. 

11. Lucid Technology Visualization

Kutengera momwe kampaniyo imawonera, kuchuluka kwa makamera mumafoni ndi gawo lothandiza kwambiri pazidziwitso zenizeni zomwe zimayikidwa m'makompyuta omwe amapezeka paliponse omwe amayendetsa mapulogalamu ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala olumikizidwa ndi intaneti. Kale, makamera amtundu wa smartphone amatha kuzindikira ndikupereka zina zowonjezera pazomwe tikuwafunira. Amatilola kusonkhanitsa zowonera ndikuwona zinthu zenizeni zomwe zimayikidwa mudziko lenileni.

Pulogalamu ya Lucid imatha kusintha deta kuchokera ku makamera awiri kukhala chidziwitso cha 3D chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapu enieni komanso kujambula zochitika ndi chidziwitso chakuya. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mupange mwachangu zitsanzo za 3D ndi masewera a kanema a XNUMXD. Kampaniyo idagwiritsa ntchito LucidCam yake kuti ifufuze kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa masomphenya a anthu panthawi yomwe mafoni a makamera apawiri anali gawo laling'ono pamsika.

Othirira ndemanga ambiri amanena kuti poyang'ana pazithunzi zokhazokha za kukhalapo kwa mafoni amtundu wa makamera ambiri, sitiwona zomwe teknoloji yotere ingabweretse. Tengani iPhone, mwachitsanzo, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu ophunzirira pamakina kuti ijambule zinthu zomwe zili pamalopo, ndikupanga mapu enieni a XNUMXD akuya amtunda ndi zinthu. Mapulogalamuwa amagwiritsa ntchito izi kuti alekanitse maziko kuchokera kutsogolo kuti asankhe kuyang'ana pa zinthu zomwe zili mmenemo. Zotsatira zake za bokeh ndi zidule chabe. Chinanso n’chofunika.

Mapulogalamu omwe amasanthula zochitika zowoneka nthawi imodzi amapanga zenera lenileni la dziko lenileni. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira kwa manja, ogwiritsa ntchito azitha kuyanjana mwachilengedwe ndi dziko losakanikirana pogwiritsa ntchito mapu awa, ndi accelerometer ya foni ndi GPS yozindikira ndikuyendetsa kusintha momwe dziko likuyimira ndikusinthidwa.

Choncho Kuonjezera makamera ku mafoni a m'manja, zosangalatsa zowoneka ngati zopanda pake komanso mpikisano wa yemwe amapereka kwambiri, pamapeto pake zingakhudze mawonekedwe a makina, ndiyeno, ndani akudziwa, njira zogwirizanirana ndi anthu..

Komabe, kubwerera kumunda wojambula zithunzi, olemba ndemanga ambiri amawona kuti mayankho a makamera ambiri angakhale msomali womaliza mu bokosi la makamera amitundu yambiri, monga makamera a digito a SLR. Kuphwanya zotchinga zamtundu wazithunzi kumatanthauza kuti zida zapamwamba kwambiri zokha zojambulira ndizomwe zimasunga raison d'être. Zomwezo zimatha kuchitika ndi makamera ojambulira makanema.

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mafoni a m'manja omwe ali ndi makamera amitundu yosiyanasiyana adzalowa m'malo osati zojambula zosavuta, komanso zipangizo zamakono zambiri. Kaya zimenezi zidzachitikadi n’zovuta kuweruza. Mpaka pano, amaona kuti ndi yopambana kwambiri.

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