Kulumikizana ndi… mbiri
Clutch, yomwe ndi zida zazikulu zagalimoto, zidawoneka pamodzi ndi injini zoyatsira mkati. Komabe, amasiyana kwambiri ndi omwe adayikidwa pano, makamaka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ... malamba oyendetsa zikopa. Kodi zokopa zasintha m'zaka zapitazi? kuchokera ku single kapena ma multi-disc friction discs kupita ku akasupe apakati amasamba amakono.
Zothandiza koma zodula
Lamba woyendetsa wachikopa amatumiza torque kuchokera ku pulley ya injini kupita kumawilo oyendetsa. Mfundo ya kachitidwe kameneka inali yophweka kwambiri: pamene lamba anakokedwa pa ma pulleys, galimotoyo inatsegulidwa. Atamasulidwa, amatsetsereka pamawilo otchulidwawo ndipo, motero, galimotoyo inazimitsidwa. Kugwira ntchito kwa lamba woyendetsa chikopa kunali kothandiza kwambiri, koma choyipa chachikulu chinali chakuti chikopacho chimatambasulidwa mosavuta ndikuwonongeka mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, kuyendetsa kotereku kumayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale mtengo.
Mmodzi-…
Njira yabwino kwambiri kuposa lamba woyendetsa chikopa chinali kugwiritsa ntchito chotchedwa friction clutch, chomwe ndi diski yomwe ili kumapeto kwa crankshaft. Analumikizana ndi diski yachiwiri yolumikizidwa ku crankshaft. Kodi galimotoyo imayendetsedwa bwanji? Kuti muchite izi, disk yoyamba, yomwe ili kumapeto kwa crankshaft, inayandikira yachiwiri, yokhazikika ku crankshaft. Ma disks awiriwo atangokhudza, disk yachiwiri inayamba kuyendayenda, monga momwe imayendetsedwa ndi disk yoyamba. Kutumiza kwamphamvu kwathunthu kunachitika pamene ma disc onse anali akuzungulira pa liwiro lomwelo. Kenako, kuyendetsako kudayimitsidwa podula ma disks onse awiri.
... Kapena ma multi-disk
Zishango za "transmitting" ndi "receiving" zidapangidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito ma multiplate clutches. Dongosolo lonselo linali ndi thupi lapadera looneka ngati ng’oma, lomwe limamangiriridwa ku ntchentche. Chofunikira cha opareshoniyo chinali ndi ma groove odulidwa mwapadera mu ng'oma, pomwe ma notche akunja kwa ma disks amakwanira. Yotsirizirayi inali ndi kukula kofanana ndi thupi la ng'oma. Panthawi yosuntha, ma disks adazungulira osati ndi ng'oma yomwe yatchulidwa, komanso ndi flywheel ndi crankshaft. Kukonzekera kwa yankholi kunali kuthekera kwa kuyenda kwa nthawi yayitali kwa ma disks okha. Kuphatikiza apo, iwo anali limodzi ndi chiwerengero chomwecho cha zishango coaxial. Omalizawo adadziwika kuti notches zawo sizinali kunja, koma m'mphepete mwamkati. Mitsempha imalowa m'mizere yotalikirapo pamtunda wolumikizidwa ndi shaft ya clutch.
Ndi akasupe owonjezera
Komabe, zingwe zamitundu yambiri, chifukwa cha mfundo yovuta yogwirira ntchito komanso kukwera mtengo kwa msonkhano wawo, sizinafalikire kwambiri. Adasinthidwa ndi zingwe zowuma za mbale imodzi, koma zokhala ndi akasupe a helical omwe amapanga mphamvu yopumira. Akasupe a Helical adalumikizidwa wina ndi mnzake ndi zida zapadera. Zotsirizirazi zidalumikizidwa momasuka ndi shaft ya clutch. Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa clutch yokha, kugwiritsa ntchito ma levers kunali ndi vuto lalikulu. Kodi izo zinali za chiyani? Mphamvu ya centrifugal inachititsa kuti akasupe azisinthasintha ndi kupondereza mlanduwo molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa liwiro la injini.
Malamulo apakati
Vuto lomwe lili pamwambali lathetsedwa kokha pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimatchedwa clutch. chapakati chimbale kasupe. Choyamba, njira yolumikizira imakhala yosavuta, chifukwa m'malo mwa njira yonse ya akasupe a coil ndi ma levers ogwirizana, chinthu chimodzi cha kasupe wokhala ndi pakati chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kapangidwe kameneka kali ndi ubwino wake. Zina mwazofunikira kwambiri, ndikofunika kuzindikira malo ang'onoang'ono ogwirira ntchito omwe amafunikira komanso, koposa zonse, mphamvu yamphamvu yokhazikika. N'zosadabwitsa kuti pakati kasupe ziwongola dzanja tsopano ntchito mu zitsanzo zambiri galimoto chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Zowonjezera: Zaka 7 zapitazo,
chithunzi: Bogdan Leshorzh
