Kujambula kwamagalimoto ndi zolemba zawo

Zomangamanga mumakampani opanga magalimoto zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zopitilira 70 ndipo sizimangogwira ntchito yokongoletsa. Za zomwe zimapangidwira, cholinga chawo ndi chiyani, momwe mungasankhire ndikuziyika pagalimoto - werengani.

Kodi kupanga galimoto ndi chiyani

Kuumba ndi chinthu chokongoletsera cha thupi, chomwe ndi chojambula cha pulasitiki, chitsulo (chromium-chokutidwa) kapena mphira wolimba, womwe uli pawindo, thupi ndi zinthu zake. Zomangira zimayikidwa pafupipafupi, ndipo palinso matupi apadziko lonse lapansi otetezera utoto, omwe amamatira kumalo osatetezeka. 

Kodi akamaumba kuti

Kuumba kwamagalimoto kumakhala ndi tanthauzo lokongoletsa, lopangidwa kuti litseke malo omwe ali ndi kusiyana kowonjezereka kwa intananel, komanso mipata pakati pa galasi ndi thupi, kutseka mpata wokhala ndi guluu. Ntchito yoteteza thupi imagwiridwa ndi mapangidwe am'mbali omwe amaikidwa m'mbali mwa zitseko (pakati ndi pansi), pakona ya ma bumpers komanso mbiri ya sill.

NKHANI akamaumba:

• galasi - imateteza mkati ndi mkati mwa thupi ku chinyezi ndi dzimbiri;
• pa bumper ndi fenders - amateteza malo awa ku zokopa, komanso samalola kuti zidutswa za dothi ziziunjikana;
• pazitseko - akamaumba mu thupi mtundu kulenga zokongoletsa zotsatira voliyumu ndi streamlining wa thupi, iwo amapangidwa pulasitiki ndi ananamizira ndi tatifupi. Zojambula zopanda utoto zimateteza utoto ku zokopa, zomwe zimakhala zothandiza kwambiri poyimitsa magalimoto komanso mtunda waung'ono pakati pa galimoto ina kapena chinthu china. Komanso, yankho ili limapewa mapangidwe a mano;
• madenga - tetezani ku kulowa kwa chinyezi ndi dzimbiri mu ngalande, gwirani ntchito ngati ngalande yamadzi ndikuwonjezeranso kapangidwe ka denga.

Mitundu yazomata pamoto

Ngati mwasankha kukhazikitsa zowonjezera, muyenera kudziwa mitundu yotsatirayi, yomwe ili pansipa.

Kugawa mwa njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi kupanga

1. Consignment note - zambiri mwa zosankhazi zimapangidwira unsembe pa tatifupi, kuchepetsa kwambiri unsembe nthawi, Komabe, pali chiopsezo osauka oyenera ndege, chifukwa dothi ndi chinyezi adzakhala kutsekereza patsekeke izi, zomwe zinayambitsa dzimbiri.
2. Ndi ngalande yamvula - mkati mwa chinsalucho muli njira yolowera madzi mu ngalande. Uku ndi kuumba kwapadera kwa windshield ndi zenera lakumbuyo. Anaika ndi tatifupi okha.
3. Theka lotseguka bala ndi monolithic U-woboola pakati chidutswa chomwe chimateteza mbali ya thupi, kutseka kusintha pakati pa gulu thupi ndi galasi, komanso ali ndi tanthauzo zokongoletsa.
4. Zachilengedwe. Ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pagalimoto iliyonse. Kuphatikizanso, zoterezi zimakhala pamtengo wotsika mtengo, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zomata. Kawirikawiri amaikidwa mmalo mwa mawonekedwe akale chifukwa chosatheka kukhazikitsa chimodzimodzi, ndi m'malo ena osaperekedwa ndi mapangidwe.

Kugawika kwa chimango

Makulidwe agawika m'magulu otsatirawa:

• mbali zinayi - kwa ma windshields, ndi gawo la monolithic lomwe limayikidwa pambali pa galasi, pafupifupi mamita 4.5 kukula kwake;
• mbali zitatu - zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa windshield, koma chifukwa cha zovuta za kukhazikitsa m'dera la kukwera kwa mikono ya wiper, gawo lapansi silinaperekedwe. Avereji kutalika mamita 3;
• mbali, m'munsi ndi kumtunda - ndi chidutswa chosiyana cha mphira wolimba, m'munsi ndi kumtunda umagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza galasi lamoto ndi ngodya zolondola, ndipo mbalizo nthawi zambiri zimakhala pulasitiki, nthawi zina zimagwira ntchito yachiwiri, kupanga mphamvu ya aerodynamic;
• kuphatikiza - ndi zida za unsembe wosavuta, zoperekedwa pazochitika zomwe sizingatheke kapena zovuta kukhazikitsa monolithic sealant.

Generic Instances

akamaumba amenewa ndi oyenera mwamtheradi aliyense galimoto. Ali ndi utali, m'lifupi ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha izi, zinthu zokongoletsera zoterezi zimakulolani kuti mupange mapangidwe apadera a galimoto pamene mukuchita kusintha kowoneka.

Zomwe zimapangidwira nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachitsulo. Zosankha zambiri zimamangiriridwa pagalimoto yokhala ndi tepi yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri, koma palinso mtundu wa zinthu zokongoletsera zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi ma rivets kapena tatifupi zapulasitiki zapadera.

Universal akamaumba ndi otsika mtengo kuposa anzawo oyambirira, zomwe zimapangitsa zida zotere kukhala okonzeka kugula eni galimoto. Kuipa kwa zinthu zoterezi ndi zinthu zochepa zomwe zimapangidwira. Kuti malondawo akhale otchipa, opanga amapanga kuchokera m'malo mwa rabara ya butyl.

Nthawi zina, eni magalimoto amagula zomangira zomangira galimoto. Amapangidwa makamaka ndi aluminiyumu ndipo amadzibwereketsa kuti awonjezere kukonzanso (amatha kupunduka kuti agwirizane ndi mizere ya pamwamba kuti imatiridwe). Ngati katswiri akugwira ntchito yokongoletsa galimoto, chifukwa chokhazikitsa zomangira nyumba, galimotoyo imatha kuwoneka bwino.

Kulemba

Mtundu uliwonse wa kuumba uli ndi chizindikiro chake. Choyamba, mayinawa amakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuti ndi gawo liti lagalimoto zomwe zimapangidwira. Kachiwiri, ndi zizindikiro, mwini galimotoyo amatha kumvetsa zomwe zida zoterezi zimapangidwa. Chifukwa cha izi, amamvetsetsa zomwe zingathe kukonzedwa, mwachitsanzo, asanapente kapena kuyeretsa kuchokera ku phula kumamatira ku thupi pamene akuyendetsa m'chilimwe m'misewu yopanda phula.

Matanthauzo ofupikitsa

Popeza akamaumba galimoto amapangidwa kuchokera zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, aliyense wa iwo amatenga chidule chake, kotero inu mukhoza kudziwa chimene kukongoletsa chinthu kukhazikitsa pa galimoto yanu.

Nachi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino chosonyeza mtundu wa makulidwe:

• PVC Mld - PVC kupanga zinthu kapena polima kupanga;
• TPR - mphira wa thermoplastic;
• Ndi Butyl Mld - kapangidwe kazinthu zomwe zimapangidwira zimaphatikizapo butyl;
• EPDM - kapangidwe ka zinthuzo kumaphatikizapo mphira ndi ethylene-propylene. Nkhaniyi imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi cheza cha ultraviolet, mankhwala ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha (-50 + 120 madigiri);
• Cavity Mld - mawonekedwe a mankhwalawa ali ndi ngalande;
• Pansi pa Mld - kuumba kobisika (kutsuka ndi thupi lagalimoto);
• Ndi Detail Strip Mld - yokhala ndi chokongoletsera;
• Encapsulation Mld ndi kuumba kwa fakitale komwe kumapangidwa pamodzi ndi galasi la mtundu wina wagalimoto.

Magulu ena

M'misika yamagalimoto ndi zida zowonjezera, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza zomangira zapulasitiki zakuda. Zitha kukhala zonyezimira kapena matte. Zovuta kwambiri, koma zotheka, kupeza zomangira zosinthika. Magulu a zinthu zokongoletserazi amachokera ku malo oyikapo.

Nawa magulu ofunikira amitundu yamagalimoto:

1. Khomo. Kwenikweni, zinthu izi zimayikidwa pazigawo zowoneka bwino za zitseko kuti ziteteze ku zovuta. Kuphatikiza pa kuteteza utoto, zinthu zotere zimapatsa galimotoyo chiyambi.
2. Za ma bumpers. Zinthu zoterezi zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki, nthawi zambiri zimakhala mphira. Kuphatikiza pa cholinga cha stylistic, amateteza ma bumpers apulasitiki kuti asawonongeke pazovuta zazing'ono. Nthawi zambiri, akamaumba izi amapangidwa mu kalembedwe chimodzimodzi monga khomo options kugwirizana ndi kapangidwe galimoto.
3. Za magalasi. Zomangira izi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi mphira kuti zigwirizane bwino ndi galasi. Kuwonjezera pa kukongoletsa galimotoyo, zinthu zoterezi zimapereka chitetezo chowonjezereka ku madzi olowera pakati pa galasi ndi thupi.
4. Za denga. Zigawozi zimayikidwa muzitsulo zapadenga ndipo zimatha kukhala zomaliza pamakongoletsedwe onse amawumbidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina.
5. Kwa ziwalo zina za thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, magawo ang'onoang'ono amatha kukhazikitsidwa pazipinda, ma wheel arches, fenders. Kuphatikiza pa cholinga cha stylistic, mapangidwe a gululi akhoza kuikidwa kuti ateteze thupi ku zotsatira za miyala yaing'ono pamene akuyendetsa galimoto kapena mankhwala omwe amawaza msewu m'nyengo yozizira. Koma nthawi zambiri zinthu zoterezi zimayikidwa ndi ogulitsa osakhulupirika kuti abise kuwonongeka kwa zojambula za thupi.

Gawo liti lagalimoto loti muvale

Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu zilili, zomangira zimayikidwa m'malo otsatirawa:

• zitseko. Nthawi zambiri, zingwe zapulasitiki zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsika pakati pa chitseko, chomwe chimatha kuwonongeka. Kuumba koteroko kumayendetsa bwino zinthu zing'onozing'ono, kuteteza utoto;
• bampala. Kuyika pa bampala mwa kulumikiza, kuyika kumachitika motsatira pulasitiki, kupangitsa kuyimika m'malo olimba kukhala koopsa penti;
• galasi. Zigawo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa zowonongeka kukhetsa madzi, kuteteza magalasi, komanso kubisa kusiyana pakati pazigawo zamthupi.

Kuthamangitsa

Dismantle akamaumba muzochitika zingapo:

• Pamene pali chikhumbo chokhazikitsa mtundu wokongola kwambiri wa chinthu chokongoletsera;
• Ngati dzimbiri la thupi lawonekera pansi pa akamaumba;
• Ngati gawo la chinthu chokongoletsera chathyoledwa, mwachitsanzo, panthawi yosamba molakwika kapena panthawi ya ngozi.

Ena akamaumba akhoza kubwezeretsedwa mwa kupentanso. Koma nthawi zambiri zinthu zokongoletserazi zimangosinthidwa ndi zatsopano. Ngati mukufunikira kukonzanso zojambulazo, ndiye kuti zimatsukidwa ndi dothi, thupi limamangiriridwa kuzungulira ndikumangirira ndikuyika utoto wosanjikiza.

Koma ngati kuli kofunikira kusintha chinthu chokongoletsera ndi chatsopano, ndiye choyamba ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe zimapangidwira pathupi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma rivets (nthawi zambiri mapulagi apulasitiki omwe amawongoleredwa kudzera pa bala ndikulowetsedwa mwachindunji mu dzenje la thupi), amadulidwa kuchokera mkati mwa chitseko kapena chotchinga kapena kungothyoledwa.

Ndikosavuta kuchotsa zomangira zokhazikika ndi guluu. Iwo akhoza dismantled m'njira ziwiri:

1. Mothandizidwa ndi Kutentha. Kuti chitsulocho chichoke pamwamba pa thupi, chiyenera kutenthedwa ndi chowumitsira tsitsi chapakhomo. Kumanga, ngakhale kuti ndi bwino kulimbana ndi Kutentha kwa pulasitiki, koma nthawi zambiri kuwononga utoto wa galimoto. Akamatenthedwa, akamaumbayo pang'onopang'ono amachotsedwa pamwamba.
2. Mothandizidwa ndi zosungunulira. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito musanayambe kupenta thupi la galimoto ngati akamaumba akale adzabwezeretsedwa pamalo ake. Mukamakonza zomatira ndi zosungunulira, muyenera kusamala kuti musawononge utoto.

Akuponya unsembe

Kuti muyike makina oyumba magalimoto, pamwamba pake muyenera kukonzekera kaye. Izi zimachitika ndikutsuka malo omata ndi thovu, kuyanika, komanso pambuyo pochepetsa. Ndikofunikira kutsatira mapangidwe abwino, ndikusankha omwe ali ndi mayankho abwino kwambiri.

Momwe mungamangirire gawolo 

Otsatirawa ndi mndandanda wazipangizo zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa ndi zomatira zopangira:

• cyanoacrylic guluu. Njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri ndi tepi yamadzi, yomwe ndi yoyenera kumata mbali zazitsulo ndi magalasi. Ndikofunikira kupewa kupezeka m'malo osafunikira, chifukwa ndizovuta kwambiri kuchotsa guluu wotere;
• galasi losindikizira. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ena, koma ndikumangirira ndi tepi;
• msomali wamadzi. Imafuna kukanikiza kwakanthawi kwa gawolo kuti limangirire kumtunda;
• Tepi yamagulu awiri. Oyenera pomatira thupi lonse;
• guluu mphindi. Pokhapokha momwe zinthu zikuyendera molongosoka, zimawonetseratu magawo oti alumikizidwe.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa kudzipangira tokha

Chifukwa cha kuphweka kwa unsembe, akamaumba akhoza kuikidwa pa makina nokha. Kutengera ndi mtundu wagawo komanso momwe imatetezedwa, ntchitoyo ingafune:

• yomanga kapena chowumitsira tsitsi kunyumba;
• Screwdriver kapena kubowola ndi nozzle, yomwe tepi yakale yomatira idzachotsedwa;
• Njira degreasing ankachitira pamwamba;
• Spatula yaing'ono;
• Chizindikiro (ndikofunikira kuti chitsukidwe - kotero kuti sipadzakhala zizindikiro zolembera pambuyo poyika zojambulazo);
• Tepi yomatira yamagulu awiri (ngati fakitale yokonza fakitale ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala, nthawi zambiri sikokwanira, ndipo m'kupita kwa nthawi kuumba kumatuluka) m'malo mwa nthawi zonse;
• Oyera nsanza kuti akanikizire akamaumba osati ndi zala zanu.

Ubwino waukulu wodzipangira okha zojambulajambula ndizotsika mtengo wa ndondomekoyi. Mwiniwake wagalimoto amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama pokhapokha pogula zinthu zokongoletsera ndi tepi yomatira. Zida zina zonse ndi zida zitha kupezeka kunyumba (nyumba iliyonse imakhala ndi kubowola, spatula ndi mowa wotsitsa).

Koma mosavuta kuyika, zodzikongoletsera zokha zimakhala ndi zovuta zingapo. Kuphwasula mosasamala kwa zinthu zakale kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zojambulazo. Ngati dzimbiri zawoneka pansi pa utoto, ndiye kuti utotowo udzachotsedwa pamodzi ndi kuumba. Zowonongeka zoterezi zidzafunikadi kukonzedwa musanakhazikitse chinthu chatsopano chokongoletsera.

Kodi katunduyo angadutse kupyola kalavaniyo?

Ngati tilankhula za katundu wokulirapo, ndiye kuti dziko lililonse lingakhale ndi zoletsa zake komanso zofotokozera. Choncho, m'gawo la mayiko a CIS pa kayendetsedwe ka katundu wolemetsa pali lamulo lofunika kwambiri: kulemera kwake sikuyenera kupitirira mphamvu yonyamulira yomwe ikuwonetsedwa muzolemba zamakono za ngolo kapena galimoto yokha.

Zoyendera zapayekha zili ndi zoletsa zake. Ngati galimoto ndi galimoto yonyamula katundu, ndiye kuti katundu sayenera kupitirira mita imodzi kutsogolo kwa ngolo, ndi mamita 1.5 pazipita kumbuyo. M'lifupi katundu wochuluka mu nkhani iyi sayenera kupitirira 2.65m. Nthawi zina, katunduyo amaonedwa kuti ndi wamkulu, ndipo ayenera kunyamulidwa ndi magalimoto apadera, mwachitsanzo, galimoto ya flatbed kapena thirakitala.

Kanema pa mutuwo

Pomaliza - kanema waufupi momwe mungayikitsire kuumba pagalimoto:

MMENE MUNGANDIKIRIRE WOYENERA NDI WOsavuta AKUKUNGA PA TEPI YA 3M PA GALIMOTO, ZINSINSI ZA WOSAPHUNZIRA.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi kuumba galimoto ndi chiyani? Ndichidutswa chokongoletsera chomwe chimakwirira thupi monga ma fender flares kapena zitseko.

Kodi kuumba ma windshield ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi chinthu cha pulasitiki cha ngalande chomwe chimatha kukhazikitsidwa pa windshield yokha komanso pansi pa chisindikizo chake.

Kuumba galimoto chifukwa? Kuchokera ku Chingerezi, mawuwa amamasuliridwa kuti kuumba. M'galimoto, chinthu ichi chimatha kukongoletsa komanso kuteteza (chimalepheretsa madontho a mvula kulowa m'chipinda cha anthu kudzera pawindo lotseguka).