Modernization MAZ 504

The MAZ 504 thalakitala anasandulika "Golden 500 mndandanda". Zikumveka, mwina, chisoni kwambiri kwa "mkulu", lofalitsidwa mu 1965. Komabe, chinali galimoto iyi yomwe inakhala yopambana mu njira zothetsera Minsk Automobile Plant. M'mbiri yake, chitsanzocho chasinthidwa zambiri, ndipo lero kupanga kosasinthika kwatha kale.

История

Kwa nthawi imeneyo, galimotoyo inali yachilendo kwambiri. Zonse zomwe zatchulidwa sizinagwiritsidwepo kale. Yang'anani pa kabati ya atypical kwathunthu, yofanana ndi magalimoto otchuka opangidwa ku Europe azaka zimenezo.

Kachidutswa kakang'ono ndi injini yamphamvu ya dizilo, komanso chiwongolero champhamvu ndi zowumitsa zododometsa zimawonetsa kope la alendo. Komabe, palibe mawilo.

Dziwani kuti osati 504 okha, komanso zitsanzo zina za mathirakitala mu mndandanda wakhala chofunika kwambiri kwa zaka makumi angapo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti galimoto ya galimoto ku Minsk inalibe mphamvu zopangira zinthu zonse zofunika, monga injini zoyaka moto ndi zotumiza.

Okonza chomeracho adapanga mndandanda wa 500 ngati mzere wapadziko lonse lapansi kuti akwaniritse zopempha zonse zomwe zingatheke. Pazifukwa izi, kuwonjezera pa mathirakitala, mitunduyi imaphatikizapo magalimoto otaya, magalimoto amtundu wa flatbed, magalimoto amatabwa ndi zida zina zapadera.

Model 511 m'malo ndi MAZ 504 (iyi ndi 1962 dambo galimoto). Imatha kutsitsa mbali ziwiri ndipo inkatha kunyamula matani 13, koma kwenikweni inali yosayenera kuyenda mtunda wautali. Zotsatira zake, akatswiriwo adaganiza zopanga thirakitala yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito ndi ma trailer komanso ma semitrailers. Lingalirolo linalandira nambala ya 504.

Sizinganenedwe kuti opanga nthawi yomweyo adatha kumasula chitsanzo chopambana. Pambuyo pa mayesero angapo omwe sanapambane, MAZ 504 yoyamba inalengedwa ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa matani 14,4. Ndi wheelbase wa mamita 3,4, katundu wa matani 10 analoledwa pa chitsulo chakumbuyo. Chitsanzo choyamba okonzeka ndi 6 yamphamvu YaMZ-236 injini mphamvu 180 ndiyamphamvu.

Mawonekedwe Otsatsa

Terakitala inali ndi chimango chokhala ndi choyimitsidwa chodalira chokhala ndi akasupe. Panthawiyo, zotengera zatsopano za hydraulic telescopic shock zinayikidwa pa kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo.

Mphanda imayikidwa kumbuyo kuti ikoke potuluka. Pamwamba pa ekseli yakumbuyo pali mpando wathunthu wa pivot ziwiri wokhala ndi zotsekera zokha. Galimotoyo inali ndi matanki awiri amafuta, iliyonse ili ndi malita 350 amafuta a dizilo.

Makina

M'mbiri yonse ya mndandanda wa 500, chipangizocho, mosasamala kanthu za kusinthidwa, sichinasinthe. YaMZ-236 injini dizilo anali chatsekedwa-mtundu kuzirala dongosolo madzi ndi osiyana dongosolo mafuta.

Anamasulidwa kenako kusinthidwa 504 chizindikiro "B" anali okonzeka ndi amphamvu kwambiri injini YaMZ-238. Ichi ndi 8-silinda mphamvu dizilo ndi mphamvu 240 ndiyamphamvu. Injini yamphamvu kwambiri idathandizira kuwonjezereka kwamphamvu kwa thirakitala yokhala ndi ngolo. Chofunika kwambiri, galimotoyo idasuntha makamaka pamsewu waukulu, ndipo imathanso kuyenda mtunda wautali.

Chomera chamagetsi ndi chiwongolero

Zosintha zonse zinali zofanana chifukwa anali ndi bokosi la gearbox la 5-speed manual ndi clutch youma ya disk-disk. Pa mlatho, womwe uli kumbuyo, ma gearbox adamangidwira kumalo osungiramo.

Mabuleki amapangidwa ndi pneumatically actuated drum brakes ndi central parking brakes. Pamalo otsetsereka kapena m'misewu yoterera, mabuleki a injini angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsekereza doko la utsi.

Galimoto imagwiritsa ntchito chiwongolero chamagetsi. Kuzungulira kwa mawilo a axle yakutsogolo ndi madigiri 38.

Cab

Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, kuwonjezera pa dalaivala, okwera ena awiri amatha kukhala mu kanyumba, komanso pali bedi lowonjezera. The thirakitala alibe hood, kotero injini ili pansi pa kabati. Pendekerani galimoto kutsogolo kuti mupeze injini.

Njira yapadera imateteza kutsika kodziwikiratu. Kuphatikiza apo, loko imayikidwa kuti ikonze kabati pamalo oyendera.

Mwa njira, nyumbayi inayambitsa mikangano yambiri pakati pa akatswiri. Ambiri adakhulupirira kuti sichingapirire kumenyedwa pafupipafupi, ndikuyika pachiwopsezo chotsegula. Zinthu zinafika poti injiniya wamkulu wa MAZ anamva kudzudzulidwa koopsa m'mawu ake. Koma mayeso otsatila awonetsa kuti loko kumapereka chitetezo chokwanira ngakhale pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

Kusakhalapo kwa hood kumapangitsa kuchepetsa kulemera kwa galimotoyo ndi katundu pa ekisi yakutsogolo. Choncho, mphamvu zonse zonyamula katundu zawonjezeka.

Mipando ya dalaivala ndi yokwera imatha kusinthidwa ndi ma shock absorbers. Chotenthetsera choyendetsedwa ndi makina ozizirira wamba chimaphatikizidwa ngati muyezo. Mpweya wabwino umakakamizika (mafani) ndi achilengedwe (mazenera ndi mazenera otsika mbali).

Makulidwe ndi mikhalidwe yayikulu yaukadaulo

• kutalika 5m 63cm;
• m'lifupi 2,6 m;
• kutalika 2,65 m;
• gudumu 3,4m;
• pansi chilolezo 290mm;
• kulemera kwakukulu 24,37 matani;
• liwiro pazipita ndi katundu zonse 85 Km / h;
• braking mtunda pa liwiro la 40 Km / h 24 mamita;
• mafuta 32/100.

Talakitala yatsopanoyo inali yopambana mwamtundu wake ndipo inali ndi luso labwino. Ankatha kunyamula katundu pa mtunda wapakati, koma mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito inali yovuta kwambiri. Ngati tiyerekeza galimoto yopangidwa ndi mayiko ena, ndiye kuti inali dongosolo la kukula kwake kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kusintha

Mu 1970, ntchito yoyesera idamalizidwa ndipo kuyambika kwaunyinji wa mtundu wabwino wa 504A kudayamba. Kuchokera pamawonekedwe akunja, zachilendozo zimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a grille ya radiator. Zosintha zambiri zidakhudza malo amkati ndikusintha kwaukadaulo:

• Choyamba, iyi ndi 240-ndiyamphamvu turbocharged injini akhoza kuonjezera kukoka kwa matani 20. Wheelbase yachepetsedwa ndi 20 centimita. Akasupe nawonso atalikitsidwa. Ndipo mayendedwe a galimotoyo adakhala osalala ndi odziwikiratu;
• Kachiwiri, kanyumba kamakhala ndi tebulo lodyera, maambulera. Palinso makatani omwe amaphimba mazenera. Khungu linasinthidwa ndi lofewa (osachepera kutsekemera pang'ono kunawonekera).

Ngakhale kusintha kumawoneka ngati kwakukulu, MAZ 504A sakanatha kupikisana ndi oyendetsa akunja pankhani ya khalidwe ndi chitonthozo. Chifukwa cha izi, mathirakitala a Minsk adasiyidwa m'malo mwa magalimoto akunja.

Kuphatikiza pa kusinthidwa kwa serial, mitundu ina itatu idapangidwa:

• 508G (thirakitala yoyendetsa magalimoto onse);
• 515 (6 × 4 wheelbase ndi gudumu logudubuza);
• 520 (6 × 2 wheelbase ndi bwino kumbuyo bogie).

Zosintha zonsezi zidayesedwa, koma sizinafikire kupanga misa, kupatula mtundu wa 508B, womwe unagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati chonyamulira matabwa chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa bokosi la gear yokhala ndi chotengera chotengera.

Mu 1977, a 504 adawonanso zosintha zina. Grille yokonzedwanso ya radiator, mpweya wabwino wa chipinda cha injini, mabuleki ozungulira awiri adawonekera, zizindikiro zatsopano zawonekera.

Chitsanzocho chinalandira nambala ya 5429. Mbiri ya MAZ 504 inatha kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 90, pamene MAZ 5429 sinapangidwenso ngakhale m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Mwalamulo, thirakitala inasiya kugubuduza pamzere wa msonkhano mu 1982.

MAZ-504 lero

Masiku ano ndizosatheka kupeza thirakitala yamitundu 500 yomwe ili yabwino. Zonse zili mu malo otayirako zinyalala kapena pambuyo pa kukonzanso kwakukulu. Simudzapeza galimoto mu mawonekedwe ake oyambirira.

Monga lamulo, gululo linagwiritsa ntchito gwero lake, pambuyo pake linachotsedwa ndi kusinthidwa ndi latsopano ku fakitale. M'malo abwino, mungapeze zitsanzo pambuyo pake monga MAZ 5429 ndi MAZ 5432.