mapulogalamu a m'manja

Chalakwika ndi chiyani kuti timakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zamakompyuta m'matumba athu okhala ndi makompyuta ang'onoang'ono otengera olankhula a Captain Kirk ochokera ku Star Trek, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polankhula? Zoona, akugwirabe ntchito yawo yaikulu, koma zikuwoneka kuti pali ocheperapo ... Tsiku ndi tsiku timagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu omwe amaikidwa pa mafoni a m'manja ndi zina. Nayi mbiri ya mapulogalamuwa.

1973 Katswiri wa kampani yaku America Motorola, Martin Cooper, waku Ukraine, adayimbira mnzake Joel Engel kuchokera ku Bell Labs pa foni yam'manja. Foni yoyamba ya m'manja idapangidwa chifukwa cha chidwi cha Captain Kirk ndi wolankhula kuchokera ku nkhani zopeka za sayansi za Star Trek.onaninso: ).

Foni Gwirizanitsani, inkatchedwa njerwa, yomwe inkafanana ndi maonekedwe ake ndi kulemera kwake (0,8 kg). Inatulutsidwa malonda mu 1983 monga Motorola DynaTA kwa $4. U.S. DOLA. Chipangizocho chinkafunika kulitcha kwa maola angapo, zomwe zinali zokwanira mphindi 30 za nthawi yolankhula. Panalibe funso lililonse lofunsira. Monga Cooper anatsindika, chipangizo chake cham'manja chinalibe ma transistors mamiliyoni makumi ambiri ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito yomwe ingamulole kuti agwiritse ntchito foni kupatulapo kuyimba.

1984 Kampani yaku Britain ya Psion ikupereka Psion Organiser (1), yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi m'thumba kompyuta ndi ntchito zoyamba. Kutengera purosesa ya 8-bit Hitachi 6301 ndi 2 KB ya RAM. Wokonzayo anali ndi miyeso ya 142x78x29,3 mm mubokosi lotsekedwa ndipo amalemera magalamu 225. Inalinso foni yoyamba yam'manja yokhala ndi mapulogalamu monga nkhokwe, chowerengera ndi wotchi. Osati zambiri, koma pulogalamuyo inalola ogwiritsa ntchito kulemba mapulogalamu awo a POPL.

1992 Pamsonkhano wapadziko lonse wa COMDEX() ku Las Vegas, makampani aku America IBM ndi BellSouth akupereka chipangizo chatsopano chomwe chili ndi malo ophatikizika ndi foni yam'manja - IBM Simon Personal Communicator 3(2). Smartphone idagulitsidwa chaka chotsatira. Inali ndi 1 megabyte ya kukumbukira, chophimba chakuda ndi choyera chokhala ndi mapikiselo a 160x293.

2. IBM Simon 3 Personal Communicator

IBM Simon amagwira ntchito ngati foni, pager, calculator, buku la maadiresi, fax ndi imelo. Inali ndi mapulogalamu angapo monga bukhu la maadiresi, kalendala, mapulani, chowerengera, wotchi yapadziko lonse lapansi, kabuku kakompyuta komanso chojambula chokhala ndi cholembera. BM idawonjezeranso masewera a Scramble, mtundu wamasewera azithunzi pomwe muyenera kupanga chithunzi kuchokera pazithunzi zamwazikana. Kuphatikiza apo, IBM Simon ikhoza kukulitsidwa ndi mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu kudzera pa khadi la PCMCIA kapena kutsitsa pulogalamuyi ku .

1994 Mgwirizano pakati pa Toshiba ndi kampani yaku Danish Hagenuk ikupanga msika wake - foni MT-2000 ndi ntchito yachipembedzo - Tetris. Khagenyuk anali m'modzi mwa anthu oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito chithunzithunzi cha 1984 chopangidwa ndi katswiri waku Russia Alexey Pajitnov. Chipangizochi chili ndi makiyi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana ngati pakufunika. Inalinso foni yoyamba yokhala ndi mlongoti womangidwa.

1996 Palm adatulutsa PDA yoyamba yopambana padziko lonse lapansi - Woyendetsa 1000 (3), yomwe idapereka chilimbikitso pakupanga mafoni ndi masewera. PDA yokwanira mu thumba la malaya, yoperekedwa 16 MHz ya mphamvu yosinthira, ndipo 128 KB yokumbukira mkati imatha kusunga mpaka 500 ojambula. Kuphatikiza apo, inali ndi ntchito yozindikiritsa zolemba pamanja komanso kuthekera kolumikizana ndi Palm Pilot ndi ma PC onse ndi makompyuta a Mac, zomwe zidatsimikiza kupambana kwa kompyuta yanu. Mapulogalamu oyambilira akuphatikizapo kalendala, buku la maadiresi, mndandanda wa zochita, zolemba, dikishonale, chowerengera, chitetezo ndi HotSync. Pulogalamu yamasewera a Solitaire idapangidwa ndi Geoworks. Palm Pilot inathamanga pa Palm OS opaleshoni dongosolo ndipo anathamanga kwa milungu ingapo pa awiri AAA mabatire.

1997 Nokia ikuyamba Chithunzi cha 6110 ndi masewera a Nyoka (4). Kuyambira pano, foni iliyonse ya Nokia idzagulitsidwa ndi pulogalamu yamasewera a njoka omwe amadya madontho. Wolemba pulogalamuyi, Taneli Armanto, wopanga mapulogalamu kuchokera ku kampani yaku Finnish, ndi wokonda payekha wamasewera apakompyuta a Nyoka. Masewera ofananawo adawonekera mu 1976 ngati Blockade ndi mitundu yake yotsatira: Nibbler, Worm kapena Rattler Race. Koma idayambitsidwa ndi Snake kuchokera ku mafoni a Nokia. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, mu 2000, Nokia 3310, yokhala ndi masewera osinthidwa a Snake, inakhala imodzi mwa mafoni ogulitsidwa kwambiri a GSM.

1999 WAP, pulogalamu yopanda zingwe (5), yothandizidwa ndi chilankhulo chatsopano cha WML () idabadwa - mtundu wosavuta wa HTML. Muyezo, womwe udapangidwa poyambitsa Nokia, udathandizidwa ndi makampani ena angapo, kuphatikiza. Unwired Planet, Ericsson ndi Motorola. Protocol imayenera kuloleza kupereka ndi kugulitsa ntchito pa intaneti. Zidzagulitsidwa chaka chomwecho Nokia 7110, foni yoyamba yokhala ndi kusakatula pa intaneti.

WAP yathetsa mavuto ndi kusamutsa zambiri, kusowa kwa malo okumbukira, zowonetsera LCD zinayambitsidwa, komanso njira ndi ntchito za microbrowser. Mafotokozedwe ogwirizanawa adatsegula mwayi watsopano wamabizinesi monga malonda amagetsi a mapulogalamu, masewera, nyimbo ndi makanema. Makampani agwiritsa ntchito muyezo kuti azilipiritsa chindapusa chokwera pamapulogalamu omwe amangokhala pazida zochokera kwa wopanga m'modzi kapenanso kuperekedwa ku mtundu umodzi wokha. Zotsatira zake, WML idasinthidwa ndi Java Micro Edition. JME imalamulira mafoni nsanja, yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu machitidwe a Bada ndi Symbian, ndi machitidwe ake mu Windows CE, Windows Mobile ndi Android.

5. Wireless application protocol yokhala ndi logo

2000 Ikugulitsidwa Ericsson R380 foni yamakono yokhala ndi Symbian opaleshoni. Dzina lakuti "smartphone", lopangidwa ndi kampani ya ku Sweden, lakhala liwu lodziwika bwino la ma multimedia ndi mafoni a m'manja omwe ali ndi machitidwe oyitanitsa. Foni yamakono yaku Sweden sinawonekere mwanjira iliyonse kunja, pokhapokha mutatsegula chivundikiro ndi kiyibodi yoperekedwa. Pulogalamuyi inachititsa kuti munthu azitha kufufuza pa Intaneti, kuzindikira zolembedwa pamanja, kapena kumasuka posewera reversi. Foni yamakono yoyamba sinalole kukhazikitsidwa kwa mapulogalamu owonjezera.

2001 Kuyamba kwa Baibulo loyamba Symbian, yomwe idapangidwa (poyamba ndi Nokia) kutengera pulogalamu ya EPOC kuchokera ku Psion. Symbian ndi pulogalamu yosangalatsa yopangira mapulogalamu ndipo nthawi ina inali yodziwika bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Dongosololi limapereka malaibulale opangira mawonekedwe, ndipo mapulogalamu amatha kulembedwa m'zilankhulo zambiri, monga Java MIDP, C ++ Python kapena Adobe Flash.

2001 Apple imapereka pulogalamu yaulere ITunesndipo posachedwa akukuitanani kuti mugule kuchokera ku iTunes Store (6). iTunes idapangidwa kuchokera ku pulogalamu ya SoundJam ndi pulogalamu yoyimbira nyimbo pamakompyuta anu, yomwe Apple idagula zaka ziwiri m'mbuyomo kuchokera kwa wopanga Casady & Greene.

Choyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito kunalola kuti nyimbo za munthu aliyense zigulidwe mwalamulo pa intaneti komanso kwa ogwiritsa ntchito onse, chifukwa Apple adaonetsetsa kuti akupereka mtundu wa iTunes wa Windows womwe umathandizira gulu lalikulu la ogwiritsa ntchito. Patangotha ​​maola 18 msonkhanowo utakhazikitsidwa, nyimbo pafupifupi 275 zidagulitsidwa. Pulogalamuyi yasintha kwambiri malonda a nyimbo ndi makanema.

6. iTunes Store App Chizindikiro

2002 Anthu aku Canada amapereka BlackBerry 5810, foni yochokera ku Java yokhala ndi imelo yanzeru ya BlackBerry. Kamerayo inali ndi msakatuli wa WAP komanso mapulogalamu abizinesi. BlackBerry 5810 idaperekanso mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito maimelo opanda zingwe, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kulumikiza foni nthawi zonse ndi ma seva a kampani yaku Canada, kulola ogwiritsa ntchito kutumiza ndi kulandira maimelo munthawi yeniyeni popanda kusinthira makalata awo.

2002 Foni yoyamba yokhala ndi pulogalamu ya A-GPS ilipo. Poyambirira, ntchitoyi idaperekedwa ndi Verizon (USA) kwa eni mafoni a Samsung SCH-N300. Ukadaulo wa A-GPS wathandiza kupanga mapulogalamu ambiri okhudzana ndi malo, kuphatikiza. "Pezani pafupi", monga ATM, adilesi kapena zambiri zamagalimoto.

2005 iwo Google imagula Android Inc. $50 miliyoni Kampaniyo imadziwika chifukwa cha pulogalamu yake yamakamera a digito. Panthawiyo, palibe amene ankadziwa kuti atatu amene anayambitsa Android anali intensively ntchito pa opaleshoni dongosolo kuti akhoza kupikisana ndi Symbian. Pomwe opanga adapitiliza kupanga makina ogwiritsira ntchito potengera Linux kernel ya zida zam'manja, Google inali kuyang'ana zida za Android. Foni yoyamba ya Android inali HTC Dream (7), yomwe idagulitsidwa mu 2008.

7. HTC Dream - woyamba Android foni yamakono

Ogasiti 2005 BlackBerry imapereka ntchito ya BBM - BlackBerry Messenger (8). Pulogalamu ya foni yam'manja ndi makanema yaku Canada yatsimikizira kuti ndi yotetezeka kwambiri komanso yopanda sipamu. Mauthenga atha kulandiridwa kuchokera kwa anthu omwe adawonjezedwa kale pamndandanda wamakalata, ndipo chifukwa cha kubisa kwa BBM Protected, mauthenga sakhala ndi akazitape kapena kubedwa panthawi yotumizira. Anthu aku Canada apangitsanso messenger yawo ya BlackBerry kupezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zida za iOS ndi Android. Pulogalamu ya BBM idatsitsa 10 miliyoni patsiku lake loyamba ndi 20 miliyoni sabata yake yoyamba.

8. BlackBerry Messenger app

2007 imabweretsa m'badwo woyamba wa iPhone ndikuyika muyeso wa iOS. Nthawi inali yabwino: mu 2006, iTunes Store idagulitsa nyimbo mabiliyoni ambiri. Jobs adatcha chipangizo chowululidwa cha Apple "chosintha komanso chamatsenga." Adawafotokozera ngati kuphatikiza zida zitatu zam'manja: "iPod widescreen yokhala ndi mabatani okhudza"; "Revolutionary foni yam'manja"; ndi "kupambana kwa mauthenga apompopompo." Adawonetsa kuti foniyo ili ndi chophimba chachikulu chogwira popanda kiyibodi, koma ndiukadaulo wa Multi-Touch.

Zowonjezera zowonjezera zimaphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, kuzungulira kwa chithunzi chowonekera kutengera zoikamo za chipangizo (cholunjika-chopingasa), kuthekera koyika nyimbo ndi makanema pamtima pa foni pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya iTunes, ndikusakatula intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito msakatuli wa Safari. Mpikisanowo unasokoneza mapewa ake, ndipo miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pake ogula adathamangira m'masitolo. IPhone yasintha msika wa smartphone ndi zizolowezi za ogwiritsa ntchito. Mu July 2008, Apple inayambitsa App Store, nsanja yogwiritsira ntchito digito ya iPad, iPhone ndi iPod touch.

2008 Google ikukhazikitsa Android Market (yomwe tsopano ndi Google Play Store) patangotha ​​​​miyezi ingapo kuchokera pomwe Apple idatulutsa. Google mu njira yake yachitukuko Android system adayang'ana pa mapulogalamu omwe amayenera kupezeka kwaulere komanso kwaulere pa Android Market. Mpikisano wa Android Developer Challenge I walengezedwa kwa opanga, komanso olemba mapulogalamu osangalatsa kwambiri - SD phukusiK, yomwe ili ndi zida zofunika ndi malangizo kwa opanga. Zotsatira zake zinali zochititsa chidwi chifukwa panalibe malo okwanira m'sitolo yamapulogalamu onse.

2009 Rovio, kampani yaku Finnish yomwe yatsala pang'ono kugwa, yawonjezera Angry Birds ku App Store. Masewerawa adagonjetsa Finland mwachangu, adaphatikizidwa pamasewera a sabata, kenako kutsitsa kotsatira kudayamba ngati chigumukire. Mu Meyi 2012, Angry Birds idakhala pulogalamu yoyamba. Masewerawa adatsitsidwa nthawi zopitilira 1 biliyoni pamapulatifomu osiyanasiyana. Mitundu yatsopano ya pulogalamuyo, zowonjezera, ndipo mu 2 chojambula chokhudza kubwera kwa gulu la mbalame zidapangidwa.

2010 Ntchitoyi idazindikiridwa ngati mawu achaka. Mawu odziwika bwino aukadaulo adawonetsedwa ndi American Dialect Society chifukwa mawuwa apanga chidwi kwambiri pakati pa anthu chaka chino.

2020 Mndandanda wa Mapulogalamu Olumikizana Pangozi (9). Mapulogalamu am'manja akukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuthana ndi mliri wapadziko lonse lapansi.

9. Singapore mliri app TraceTogether