Mercedes-Benz GLC F-Cell ikuphatikiza zaka 24 zokumana nazo

Poyerekeza ndi m'badwo wam'mbuyomu wamagalimoto amtundu wa Mercedes (Class B, omwe akhala akupezeka ochepa kuyambira 2011), makina amafuta ndi 30% ochulukirachulukira ndipo amatha kuyikika mchipinda chamainjini pomwe akupanga mphamvu 40%. ... Maselo amafuta nawonso amakhala ndi platinamu yocheperako ndi 90%, komanso ndi 25% yopepuka. Ndi makokedwe a 350 Newton metres ndi ma kilowatts 147 a mphamvu, mtundu wa GLC F-Cell umayankha nthawi yomweyo pachipangiracho, pomwe timachitira umboni ngati mainjiniya anzathu pamakilomita 40. Stuttgart. Osiyanasiyana mumayendedwe a H2 ndi makilomita 437 (NEDC mumayendedwe a haibridi) ndi ma kilomita 49 mumachitidwe a batri (NEDC mumachitidwe a batri). Ndipo chifukwa cha ukadaulo wamakono wa thanki ya haidrojeni wa 700, GLC F-Cell itha kulipitsidwa m'mphindi zitatu zokha.

Pulagi wosakanikirana wamafuta amaphatikiza phindu la matekinoloje oyendetsa zero-emission ndikuthandizira kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi onse kuti akwaniritse zofunikira pakali pano zoyendetsa. Mumtundu wosakanizidwa, galimoto imayendetsedwa ndi magetsi onse awiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwapamwamba kumayang'aniridwa ndi batri, kotero mafuta amtundu wa mafuta amatha kugwira bwino ntchito. Mu F-Cell mode, magetsi ochokera m'maselo amafuta nthawi zonse amasunga batire yamagetsi yamagetsi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti magetsi ochokera m'mafuta a hydrogen amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa, ndipo iyi ndi njira yabwino yosungira magetsi a batri motsimikiza zochitika pagalimoto. Pogwiritsa ntchito batri, galimoto imayendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Magalimoto amagetsi amayendetsedwa ndi batri ndipo ma cell amafuta sachoka, zomwe ndi zabwino kwambiri mtunda wawufupi. Pomaliza, pali njira yotsatsira momwe kutsitsa batire yamagetsi kumakhala kofunika kwambiri, mwachitsanzo mukafuna kulipiritsa batiri mpaka mulingo wake wonse musanatulutse hydrogen. Mwanjira imeneyi, tikhozanso kukhazikitsa mphamvu tisanakwere kapena tisanayende mwamphamvu. Kuyendetsa galimoto kwa GLC F-Cell kuli chete, zomwe ndi zomwe timayembekezera, ndipo kuthamangitsidwa kumachitika nthawi yomweyo mukangokakamiza peder ya accelerator, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi magalimoto amagetsi. Chassis imasinthidwa kuti ipewe kupendekeka kwambiri kwa thupi ndipo imagwira ntchito mokhutiritsa, komanso chifukwa cha kugawa koyenera pakati pazitsulo ziwiri za 50-50.

Ponena zakubwezeretsanso mphamvu, ma batire adatsika kuchokera ku 30 mpaka 91 peresenti poyendetsa kukwera mtunda wa makilomita a 51, koma poyendetsa kutsikira chifukwa chobwerera kwa brake ndi kuchira, idakweranso mpaka 67 peresenti. Kupanda kutero, kuyendetsa ndikotheka ndi magawo atatu osinthika, omwe timatha kuwongolera pogwiritsa ntchito levers pafupi ndi chiwongolero, chofanana kwambiri ndi zomwe timakonda kuzipanga pagalimoto zodziwikiratu.

Mercedes-Benz idakhazikitsa galimoto yawo yoyamba yamafuta kubwerera ku 1994 (NECA 1), ndikutsatiridwa ndi mitundu ingapo, kuphatikiza Mercedes-Benzon Class A mu 2003. Mu 2011, kampaniyo idapanga maulendo padziko lonse lapansi. F-Cell World Drive, ndipo mu 2015, monga gawo la kafukufuku wa F 015 Luxury and Motion, adayambitsa pulogalamu yamafuta osakanikirana yamakilomita 1.100 a zero zero. Mfundo yomweyi ikugwiranso ntchito ku Mercedes-Benz GLC F-Cell, yomwe ikuyembekezeka kugunda pamisewu yochepa kumapeto kwa chaka chino.

Matanki a haidrojeni opangidwa ku Mannheim amaikidwa pamalo otetezeka pakati pazitsulo ziwiri ndipo amatetezedwa ndi chimango chothandizira. Chomera cha Daimler's Untertürkheim chimapanga mafuta onse, ndipo masheya pafupifupi 400 amachokera ku chomera cha Mercedes-Benz Fuell Cell (MBFG) ku British Columbia, chomera choyamba chopatulira mafuta. magulu a maselo. Pomaliza: batri ya lithiamu-ion imachokera ku Daimler's subsidiary Accumotive ku Saxony, Germany.

Mafunso: Jürgen Schenck, Director wa Electric Vehicle Program ku Daimler

Chimodzi mwazovuta zaluso kwambiri m'mbuyomu ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina otentha. Kodi mungayambitse galimoto iyi pa 20 degrees Celsius pansi pa ziro?

Inde mungathe. Timafunikira kutentha, kutentha kwamtundu wina, kuti tithe kukonza makina amafuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timayamba ndikuyamba mwachangu ndi batri, zomwe ndizothekanso kutenthedwa pansi pamadigiri 20 pansi pa ziro. Sitingagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zonse zomwe zilipo ndipo tiyenera kukhalabe nthawi yotenthetsa, koma koyambirira kuli "mahatchi" pafupifupi 50 omwe amayendetsedwa pagalimoto. Komano, tiperekanso chojambulira cha plug-in ndipo kasitomala azikhala ndi mwayi woti ayambe kutentha mafuta. Poterepa, mphamvu zonse zizipezeka koyambirira. Kutentha kumathanso kukhazikitsidwa kudzera pulogalamu ya smartphone.

Kodi Mercedes-Benz GLC F-Cell ili ndimayendedwe onse? Kodi batire ya lithiamu-ion ndi yotani?

Injiniyo ili kumbuyo kwazitsulo, choncho galimotoyo imayendetsa kumbuyo. Batire imakhala ndi mphamvu yokwanira 9,1 kilowatt maola.

Kodi mungachite kuti?

Ku Bremen, mofananamo ndi galimoto yokhala ndi injini yoyaka mkati. Ziwerengero zopanga zidzakhala zochepa chifukwa kupanga kumangokhala pakupanga kwamafuta amafuta.

Kodi mungayike kuti GLC F-Cell pamtengo wotsika mtengo?

Mtengo wake ungafanane ndi mtundu wa plug-in wosakanizidwa wa dizilo wofanana nawo. Sindingakuuzeni kuchuluka kwake, koma ziyenera kukhala zomveka, apo ayi palibe amene akanazigula.

Pafupifupi € 70.000, kodi Toyota Mirai ndiyofunika motani?

Galimoto yathu ya dizilo yosakanikirana yomwe ndanena kuti ipezeka m'derali, inde.

Ndi zitsimikizo ziti zomwe mungapatse makasitomala anu?

Adzakhala ndi chitsimikizo chonse. Galimotoyo ipezeka ndi gawo lonse lazobwereketsa, lomwe liphatikizanso chitsimikizo. Ndikuyembekeza kuti ndi pafupifupi 200.000 km kapena zaka 10, koma popeza kudzakhala kubwereketsa sikungakhale kofunikira.

Kodi galimoto ndiyotani?

Ili pafupi ndi plug-in hybrid crossover. Ma cell cell amafanana ndi kulemera kwa injini ya silinda anayi, plug-in hybrid system ndi yofanana, m'malo mwa kufalitsa kwa ma XNUMX-speed automatic transmission, tili ndi mota yamagetsi kumbuyo kwa chitsulo, m'malo mwa thanki ya malata. mafuta. kapena dizilo - carbon fiber hydrogen akasinja. Ndiwolemera pang'ono chifukwa cha chimango chomwe chimathandizira ndikuteteza thanki ya haidrojeni.

Kodi mukuganiza kuti mawonekedwe apamtunda wanu wamafuta ndi ati poyerekeza ndi omwe aku Asia adayambitsa kale kumsika?

Zachidziwikire, chifukwa ndi chosakanizira cha plug-in, imathetsa vuto limodzi mwazomwe zimakhudza kulandila magalimoto amafuta. Powapatsa malo okwera ma kilomita 50 ndi batri chabe, makasitomala athu ambiri azitha kuyendetsa popanda kufunika kwa hydrogen. Kenako musadandaule zakusowa kwa malo opangira ma hydrogen. Komabe, malo opangira haidrojeni akakhala ofala pamaulendo ataliatali, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuzaza matanki mosavuta.

Ponena za mtengo wothamanga, pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto yokhala ndi mabatire kapena hydrogen?

Kugwiritsa ntchito batri kwathunthu ndikotsika mtengo. Ku Germany, zimawononga pafupifupi masenti 30 pa kilowatt-hour, zomwe zikutanthauza ma euro 6 pa kilomita 100. Ndi haidrojeni, mtengo ukukwera mpaka ma euro 8-10 pa makilomita 100, poganizira zakumwa pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi ya hydrogen pamakilomita 100. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuyendetsa pa hydrogen ndikotsika mtengo pafupifupi 30%.

Mafunso: prof. Dr. Christian Mordic, Woyang'anira Maselo a Daimler Fuel

Christian Mordik amatsogolera gawo la Daimler's Fuel Cell Drives Division ndipo ndi General Manager wa NuCellSys, kampani yothandizidwa ndi Daimler yamafuta amafuta ndi makina osungira ma hydrogen agalimoto. Tidalankhula naye zamtsogolo zamaukadaulo amafuta amafuta komanso GLC F-Cell isanachitike.

Magalimoto amagetsi yamafuta (FCEVs) amawoneka ngati tsogolo loyendetsa. Nchiyani chikuimitsa ukadaulo uwu kuti usakhale wamba?

Zikafika pamtengo wamsika wamafuta amgalimoto yamagalimoto, palibe amene amakayikiranso momwe amagwirira ntchito. Malo operekera ndalama akupitilizabe kukhala gwero lalikulu lakusatsimikizika kwa makasitomala. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mapampu a haidrojeni kukukulira kulikonse. Ndi mbadwo watsopano wa galimoto yathu yozikidwa pa Mercedes-Benz GLC komanso kuphatikiza kwa ukadaulo wolumikizirana, takwaniritsa kuwonjezeka kwina pakulipiritsa ndi kuthekera. Zachidziwikire, mtengo wopangira ndi gawo linanso, koma pano tapitanso patsogolo kwambiri ndikuwona bwino zomwe zingakonzedwe.

Pakadali pano, haidrojeni wamafuta amafuta akupitilizabe kupezeka makamaka kuzinthu zakuthupi monga gasi. Sikunabebe kwenikweni, sichoncho?

Kwenikweni sichoncho. Koma ichi ndi sitepe yoyamba yosonyeza kuti kuyendetsa galimoto popanda mpweya wa m'deralo kungakhale njira yabwino. Ngakhale hydrogen yochokera ku gasi wachilengedwe, mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide ukhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi 25 peresenti. Ndikofunikira kuti titha kupanga hydrogen pamaziko obiriwira komanso kuti pali njira zambiri zokwaniritsira izi. Hydrogen ndi chonyamulira choyenera kusungirako mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa, zomwe sizimapangidwa mosalekeza. Ndi gawo lochulukirachulukira la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, haidrojeni itenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamagetsi onse. Chifukwa chake, idzakhala yokongola kwambiri ku gawo loyenda.

Kodi kutengapo gawo kwanu pakupanga makina amafuta osasunthika kumatengapo gawo pano?

Ndendende. Kuthekera kwa haidrojeni ndikokulirapo kuposa magalimoto okha, mwachitsanzo, muntchito, mafakitale ndi nyumba, ndizodziwikiratu ndipo kumafunikira njira zatsopano. Chuma chakukula ndi kusasintha ndizofunikira pano. Pamodzi ndi makina athu otsogola a Lab1886 ndi akatswiri apakompyuta, pakadali pano tikupanga zida zoyeserera zamagetsi zadzidzidzi zama kompyuta ndi ntchito zina.

Kodi mukutsatira chiyani?

Timafunikira miyezo yofananira yamakampani kuti tithe kupita kukupanga magalimoto akuluakulu. Pazowonjezereka, kuchepetsa ndalama zakuthupi kudzakhala kofunika kwambiri. Izi zikuphatikizanso kutsitsa kwazigawo ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zodula. Tikayerekeza dongosolo panopa ndi Mercedes-Benz B-Maphunziro F-Cell dongosolo, ife kale akwaniritsa zambiri - kale kuchepetsa okhutira platinamu ndi 90 peresenti. Koma tiyenera kupita patsogolo. Kuwongolera njira zopangira nthawi zonse kumathandizira kuchepetsa ndalama - koma ndi nkhani yazachuma. Kugwirizana, mapulojekiti opanga zinthu zambiri monga Autostack Industrie, komanso kuyembekezera kuti ndalama zapadziko lonse zaukadaulo zithandizire izi. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakati pa zaka khumi zikubwerazi ndipo ndithudi pambuyo pa 2025, kufunika kwa maselo amafuta ambiri kudzawonjezeka, ndipo iwo adzakhala ofunika kwambiri mu gawo la zoyendera. Koma sizingabwere ngati kuphulika kwadzidzidzi, chifukwa ma cell amafuta pamsika wapadziko lonse atha kupitiliza kukhala ndi gawo limodzi lokha. Koma ngakhale ndalama zing’onozing’ono zimathandiza kukhazikitsa mfundo zofunika kwambiri zochepetsera mtengo.

Kodi amene amagula galimoto yamafuta ndi ndani ndipo imagwira ntchito yanji pakampani yamagetsi yamagetsi?

Maselo amafuta ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa makasitomala omwe amafunikira kutalika tsiku lililonse komanso omwe sagwiritsa ntchito mapampu a hydrogen. Komabe, pamagalimoto okhala m'malo akumatauni, magetsi oyendetsa batire ndiye yankho labwino kwambiri.

GLC F-Cell ndi chinthu chapadera padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha plug-in hybrid drive. Chifukwa chiyani munaphatikiza ma cell amafuta ndi ukadaulo wa batri?

Tidafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wosakanizidwa m'malo mosankha pakati pa A kapena B. Batire ili ndi maubwino atatu: titha kupezanso magetsi, mphamvu zowonjezera zimakhalapo pakufulumira, ndipo kuchuluka kumakulitsidwa. Njira yolumikizira ikuthandizira madalaivala koyambirira kwa chitukuko cha zomangamanga pomwe ma hydrogen pump network akadalibe. Kwa makilomita 50 mutha kulipiritsa galimoto yanu kunyumba. Ndipo nthawi zambiri, ndizokwanira kuti mupite pampu wanu woyamba wa haidrojeni.

Kodi makina amafuta amakhala ovuta kuposa injini ya dizilo amakono?

Maselo amafuta nawonso ndi ovuta, mwina ocheperako pang'ono, koma kuchuluka kwa zinthu zake ndizofanana.

Ndipo ngati mukufanizira mtengo wake?

Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma hybrids olowa ndi ma mafuta opangidwa atafanana, akadakhala pamlingo wofanana masiku ano.

Ndiye kodi magalimoto osakanikirana ndi ma plug-in ndi yankho ku tsogolo la mayendedwe?

Inu ndithudi mukhoza kukhala mmodzi wa iwo. Mabatire ndi ma cell amafuta amapanga symbiosis popeza matekinoloje onsewa amathandizirana bwino kwambiri. Mphamvu ndi kuyankha mwachangu kwa mabatire zimathandizira ma cell amafuta omwe amapeza njira yawo yabwino yogwirira ntchito pamagalimoto omwe amafunikira kuwonjezereka kwamphamvu kosalekeza komanso kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu. M'tsogolomu, kuphatikiza kwa mabatire osinthika ndi ma modules a mafuta amafuta kudzakhala kotheka, malingana ndi zochitika zoyendayenda ndi mtundu wa galimoto.