Pamanja kapena zokha chomwe chili bwino? Kuyerekeza kwa ma gearbox (ma gearbox)

Kutumiza pamanja kapena kodziwikiratu? Funso limeneli limavutitsa anthu ambiri.

1. Zimango zimafunikira kukhazikika kosalekeza kuchokera kwa woyendetsa, muyenera kusunga tebulo lothamanga m'mutu mwanu ndikusintha kuchoka ku gear kupita ku gear mwamsanga pamene liwiro la crankshaft likufika pazikhalidwe zina, kuphatikizapo, nthawi zonse muyenera kukhumudwitsa clutch kuti musinthe kuchokera ku gear imodzi. kwa wina.
2. Ndi zodziwikiratu, zonse zimakhala zophweka - ndinadziyika ndekha wosankha "D" ndipo makina adzachita zonse okha, dalaivala amangofunika kutembenuza chiwongolero, gasi kapena mabuleki.

Kutengera kufotokozera izi, zikuwoneka kuti kufala kwadzidzidzi ndikwabwinoko komanso kosavuta, osati pachabe, chifukwa anthu ambiri amasankha kufala kwadzidzidzi, ndipo pali mphekesera kuti. ena opanga magalimoto akukonzekera kusiya kwathunthu kutumiza kwamanja m'tsogolomu ndi kusintha kwa automatic.

Komabe, sikuti zonse ndizosavuta monga zikuwonekera, ndipo kuti musankhe kufalitsa komwe kuli bwino, muyenera kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kake ndi zabwino zake.

Kutumiza Kwamanja

Ma gearbox, monga mukudziwa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutumiza torque kuchokera ku crankshaft kupita kumawilo. Zikadapanda, ndiye kuti titha kusintha njira yoyenda ndi braking kapena kuyatsa / kuzimitsa injini.

Bokosi la gear lamanja lili ndi magiya (magiya) omwe amavekedwa pamiyendo, magiya osiyana amayang'anira liwiro lililonse - kuyendetsa ndikuyendetsedwa, kuyenera kufanana wina ndi mnzake pamakina a mano, ndiye kuti, mtunda pakati pa mano uyenera kufanana. zikhale zofanana kwa zonse zoyendetsedwa ndi zoyendetsa galimoto.

Tikafooketsa clutch, kufala kumachotsedwa ku injini ndipo titha kusintha kupita ku zida zina. Ngati mulibe nthawi kusintha kwa zida ankafuna pa liwiro crankshaft, ndiye adzakhala katundu wamkulu pa injini ndi gearbox.

Pafupifupi makina onse amakono amakono ali ndi magiya 5 ndi Reverse - reverse speed.

Akatswiri amabwera ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zowonjezeretsa moyo wa kufalitsa kwamanja, mwachitsanzo, ma synchronizers - amagwiritsidwa ntchito paliponse ndipo amafunikira kuti pakusintha magiya palibe chifukwa chotsitsira kawiri clutch ndikuchitanso gassing - izi ndi momwe munali kuyendetsa magalimoto oyambirira. Kuchokera pa dzinali zitha kuwoneka kuti synchronizer imagwirizanitsa kuthamanga kwa magiya awiri oyandikana nawo - synchronizer ya liwiro loyamba ndi lachiwiri, ndi zina zotero.

Kumene, kuti adziwe kuyendetsa galimoto ndi kufala Buku, muyenera kugwira ntchito pang'ono ndi kuchita: munthu ayenera kuphunzira kumva nsinga, nthawi zonse kuwunika tachometer ndi injini liwiro. Komabe, ngakhale patangopita nthawi yayitali, zonsezi zimayimitsidwa pamlingo wa automatism - dzanja lokha limafika pa lever, ndi phazi lakumanzere - pazitsulo za clutch.

Makinawa kufala

Makinawa amatengera chosinthira ma torque ndi ma gearbox a mapulaneti osinthira zida.

Chipangizo cholumikizira madzimadzi chimakhala chovuta kwambiri, chimagwira ntchito yofananira ndi clutch, mfundo yake yoyendetsera ntchito imafotokozedwa mwadongosolo pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha mafani awiri - imodzi, ina. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumapangitsa kuti masamba a fani yozimitsidwa azizungulira, gawo la mpweya mumayendedwe odziwikiratu amachitidwa ndi mafuta a hydraulic.

Magiya a pulaneti amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha torque ndi kubweza.

Magiya odziwikiratu ali ndi magiya, koma amasinthidwa okha, dalaivala sayenera kusintha magiya konse, kupatula ngati akufuna kubwerera kumbuyo, ayambe kusuntha kapena kuyimitsa galimoto.

Palinso chipangizo monga Tiptronic, chifukwa mukhoza kusintha magiya nokha.

Kuyendetsa galimoto yokhala ndi ma automatic transmission ndikosangalatsa:

• Yambitsani injini, chotengera chili mu gear "P" - Kuyimitsa;
• kanikizani brake, sinthani ku "D" mode - kuyendetsa, galimoto ikuyamba kugudubuza;
• siyani chosankha munjira iyi ndikusindikiza pa gasi - mukalimbikira kwambiri, galimoto imayenda mwachangu;
• kuti muyime, mumangofunika kukanikiza brake ndikuigwira, mwachitsanzo pamagetsi.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Malingana ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito malo ena ofufuzira, munthu akhoza kutchula kuipa kwake ndi ubwino wake.

The drawback chachikulu cha zimango ndi zovuta kulamulira, tcheru nthawi zonse chofunika dalaivala.

Izi zikuwonekera makamaka m'matauni, komwe mwendo umatopa ndi kukanikiza nthawi zonse clutch, ndi manja - kusuntha magiya. Nthawi zambiri mutha kulakwitsa, nthawi zina kutengerako kumatsika. Ngati musuntha kutsika, ndiye kuti muyenera kukanikiza nthawi yomweyo brake kapena kufinya handbrake, clutch, shift gear.

Ndi mfuti, zonse zimakhala zosavuta, makamaka mumzinda. Phazi lamanja lokha limagwira ntchito kwa dalaivala, lomwe amakankhira mosinthana pa gasi, kenako pa brake, pomwe lamanzere limakhala pa sitepe yapadera - palibe chopondapo chowongolera m'galimoto yokhala ndi zodziwikiratu. Palibe chifukwa chowopa kuti galimotoyo ibwerera mmbuyo mukamayima pamalo otsetsereka otsetsereka, mumangofunika kukanikizira brake pedal. Zachidziwikire, kufalikira kwadzidzidzi ndikwabwino pamachitidwe amzindawu, ndipo kunja kwa mzindawo simuyenera kuvutikira kwambiri - makinawo amakuganizirani zonse ndikusinthira kumayendedwe omwe akufunika pakadali pano.

Komabe, si zonse ndi zokongola monga zikuoneka: magalimoto ndi kufala basi nthawi zambiri ndalama zambiri, simudzapeza zitsanzo bajeti ndi kufala basi, Chinese hatchbacks wotchipa ndi crossovers pafupifupi onse kubwera ndi kufala Buku.

Chifukwa chakuti makina ambiri a masensa amagwira ntchito, galimoto yotereyi imadya mafuta ambiri - pafupifupi, pa lita imodzi kuposa kufala kwa buku.

Kuphatikiza apo, makinawo ali ndi chipangizo chovuta ndipo amapita chitsimikizo 100-200 zikwi, ndipo atatha kukonza, ngakhale wogulitsa sangapereke chitsimikizo choposa 20 zikwi. Mukagula makina otumiza odziwikiratu, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chotenga nkhumba.

Zimango ndizosavuta kuzisamalira komanso sizimadya mafuta ochulukirapo. Mwa njira, mafuta otumizira okha amafunikira zambiri, amafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi komanso amawononga ndalama zambiri. Kutumiza kwadzidzidzi kumalemera kwambiri, ndipo izi ndizowonjezera pa injini.

Monga mukuwonera, mitundu yonse iwiri yopatsirana ili ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa zake, ndipo wogula aliyense amasankha yekha zomwe angakonde: kuyendetsa bwino kapena kukonza bwino.

Sitikudziwa chomwe chili bwino kufala kapena kufala kwamanja? Kenako onerani vidiyoyi.

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