Mega Cosmos

Pamene tikupanga zida zazikulu, zophwanya mbiri ndi makina padziko lapansi, tikuyang'ananso zinthu zazikulu kwambiri m'chilengedwe chonse. Komabe, mndandanda wa cosmic wa "zabwino" ukusintha nthawi zonse, kusinthidwa ndi kuwonjezeredwa, popanda kukhala chiwerengero chomaliza.

planeti lalikulu

Pakali pano ili pamwamba pa mndandanda wa mapulaneti akuluakulu. DENIS-P J082303.1-491201 b (dzina lakuti 2MASS J08230313-4912012 b). Komabe, sizikudziwika motsimikiza ngati iyi ndi yofiirira, motero ndi chinthu chonga nyenyezi. Kulemera kwake ndi 28,5 nthawi ya Jupiter. Chinthucho chimadzutsa kukayikira kofananako HD 100546 p., CHABWINO. Monga omwe adatsogolera, ilinso chinthu chachitatu pamndandanda wa NASA. Keplerem-39p, ndi unyinji wa Jupiter khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu.

1. Planet DENIS-P J082303.1-491201 b ndi kholo lake nyenyezi

Chifukwa mogwirizana ndi Kepler-13 Ab, wachisanu pamndandanda wamakono wa NASA, palibe malipoti okayikitsa ngati ndi bulauni wakuda, ayenera kuonedwa kuti ndi exoplanet yaikulu kwambiri panthawiyi. Pali otchedwa otentha supersupply mu kanjira Kepler-13A. Exoplanet ili ndi radius pafupifupi 2,2 Jupiter radii, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi 9,28 Jupiter.

Nyenyezi yaikulu

Malinga ndi mawerengedwe apano, nyenyezi yayikulu yomwe tikudziwa ndi SCOOTY NG'OMBE. Anapezeka mu 1860 ndi akatswiri a zakuthambo a ku Germany. Akuti ndi 1708 ± 192 kuchulukitsa kwa Dzuwa ndi 21 biliyoni kuchuluka kwake. Amapikisana ndi Scuti pachikhatho. WAPAMBANA G64 (IRAS 04553-6825) ndi hypergiant yofiira mu mlalang'amba wa satana wa Large Magellanic Cloud ku gulu la nyenyezi lakumwera la Dorado. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwina, kukula kwake kumatha kufika ma diameter a solar 2575. Komabe, popeza kuti ponse paŵiri malo ake ndi mmene zimayendera sizachilendo, n’kovuta kutsimikizira zimenezi molondola.

2. Yu. Yu Shield, Dzuwa ndi Dziko Lapansi pa sikelo

Bowo lalikulu lakuda

Mabowo akuda kwambiri ndi zinthu zopezeka pakati pa milalang'amba ikuluikulu yokhala ndi milalang'amba yoposa 10 biliyoni kuposa ya Dzuwa. Pakali pano amaonedwa kuti ndi chinthu chachikulu kwambiri chamtundu uwu. MUTU 618, akuyerekeza 6,6 × 10 mabiliyoni a dzuwa. Iyi ndi quasar yakutali kwambiri komanso yowala kwambiri, yomwe ili mugulu la nyenyezi la Hounds.

3. Kuyerekeza kukula kwa dzenje lakuda la TON 618 ndi kukula kwina kwa chilengedwe

Malo achiwiri S5 0014+81, yokhala ndi misa ya 4 × 10 biliyoni ya dzuwa, ili mu gulu la nyenyezi la Cepheus. Chotsatira pamzere ndi mndandanda wa mabowo akuda okhala ndi misa yoyerekeza pafupifupi 3 × 10 mabiliyoni a dzuwa.

chachikulu kwambiri

Kufikira pano, mlalang’amba waukulu kwambiri umene ukupezeka m’chilengedwe chonse (m’lingaliro la kukula, osati kulemera kwake), ndi 1101. Ili m'gulu la nyenyezi la Virgo, zaka 1,07 biliyoni zowala kuchokera pa Dziko Lapansi. Adawonedwa pa June 19, 1890 ndi Edward Swift. Zinachitika chifukwa chake. Ili m’gulu la milalang’amba Abele 2029 ndipo ndicho chopangira chake chachikulu. M'mimba mwake ndi pafupifupi 4 miliyoni kuwala zaka. Lili ndi nyenyezi pafupifupi mazana anayi kuŵirikiza nthaŵi mazana anayi kuposa mlalang’amba wathu, ndipo likhoza kukhala lalikulu kuŵirikiza nthaŵi zikwi ziŵiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwa mpweya ndi zinthu zakuda. Ndipotu, si mlalang'amba wa elliptical, koma mlalang'amba wa lenticular.

Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwapa angasonyeze kuti mlalang’amba waukulu kwambiri ndi chinthu chounjikana mozungulira kumene kumatulutsa mpweya wa wailesi. J1420-0545. Chaka chino, gulu lapadziko lonse la akatswiri a zakuthambo linalengeza kuti zapeza mlalang'amba watsopano wa wailesi (GRG) wogwirizana ndi gulu la nyenyezi zitatu zomwe zimadziwika kuti Mtengo wa 9555. Zotsatira zidaperekedwa pa February 6 m'nkhani yomwe idatumizidwa arXiv.org. Pa mtunda wa zaka pafupifupi 820 miliyoni za kuwala kwa dziko lapansi, UGC 9555 ndi gawo la gulu lalikulu la milalang'amba yomwe imatchedwa Chithunzi cha MSPM02158. GRG yomwe yapezedwa posachedwapa, yomwe sinalandirebe dzina lovomerezeka, ili ndi kukula kwa mzere wa zaka 8,34 miliyoni za kuwala.

The Greatest Cosmic "Walls"

Great Wall (Great Wall CfA2, Great Wall CfA2) ndi nyumba yayikulu yopangidwa ndi. Cholinga chake chapakati ndi Cluster ku Varkocha, pafupifupi 100 MPC (pafupifupi 326 miliyoni kuwala zaka) kuchokera ku solar system, yomwe ili gawo la Superclusters mu chikomokere. Imafikira ku zazikulu Magulu Opambana a Hercules. Ili pafupi zaka 200 miliyoni za kuwala kuchokera pa Dziko Lapansi. Imayesa zaka 500 x 300 x 15 miliyoni za kuwala kwa zaka, ndipo mwina zazikulu chifukwa malo owonera amabisika pang'ono ndi zinthu zomwe zili mumlalang'amba wathu.

Kukhalapo kwa Great Wall kunakhazikitsidwa mu 1989 pamaziko a maphunziro a redshifts a mawonekedwe a milalang'amba. Kupeza kumeneku kudapangidwa ndi Margaret Geller ndi John Hukra a CfA Redshift Survey.

5. Khoma Lalikulu la Korona wa Hercules Kumpoto

Kwa zaka zingapo, Khoma Lalikulu linakhalabe lalikulu kwambiri m'chilengedwe chonse, koma mu 2003, John Richard Gott ndi gulu lake anapeza lalikulu kwambiri potengera Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Great Sloan Wall. Ili m'gulu la nyenyezi la Virgo, pamtunda wa zaka mabiliyoni a kuwala. Ndi zaka 1,37 biliyoni kuwala ndi 80% yaitali kuposa Great Wall.

Komabe, pakali pano amalingaliridwa kukhala chinthu chachikulu kwambiri m’chilengedwe chonse. Great Wall Hercules-Northern Korona (Her-CrB GW). Akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo amayerekezera kuti chinthu chimenechi n’chautali wa zaka 10 biliyoni za kuwala. Monga Khoma Lalikulu la Sloan, Her-CrB GW ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira omwe amapangidwa ndi magulu a milalang'amba ndi magulu a quasars. Kutalika kwake ndi 10% ya kutalika kwa chilengedwe chowoneka. M'lifupi mwa chinthucho ndi chocheperako, zaka 900 miliyoni zowala. Her-CrB GW ili pamalire a gulu la nyenyezi la Hercules ndi Korona wakumpoto.

Great Void

Dera lalikululi la danga lopanda kanthu, pafupifupi zaka biliyoni zopepuka m'mimba mwake (ena amayerekeza zaka mabiliyoni 1,8), amapitilira zaka 6-10 biliyoni zopepuka kuchokera ku Earth m'chigawo cha Mtsinje wa Eridanus. M'madera amtundu uwu - mwa njira, theka lachidziwitso cha chilengedwe chodziwika - palibe koma chowala.

Great Void Ichi ndi dongosolo lopanda zinthu zowala (milalang'amba ndi magulu ake), komanso zinthu zakuda. Akuti pali milalang'amba yochepera 30% kumeneko kusiyana ndi madera ozungulira. Zinapezeka mu 2007 ndi gulu la akatswiri a zakuthambo aku America ochokera ku yunivesite ya Minneapolis. Lawrence Rudnick wa pa yunivesite ya Minnesota anali woyamba kuchita chidwi ndi dera limeneli. Anaganiza zofufuza za chiyambi cha malo otchedwa ozizira pa mapu a microwave background radiation (CMB) opangidwa ndi WMAP probe (WMAP).

Chithunzi Chachikulu Kwambiri cha Mbiri Yapadziko Lonse

Akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo, pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chochokera ku Hubble Space Telescope, adalemba mbiri yakale yazaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, kuphatikiza zithunzi zomwe analandira (7500) kukhala chithunzi chimodzi chojambula, chotchedwa dzina lake. Montage ili ndi zithunzi pafupifupi 265. milalang'amba, ina yomwe "inajambulidwa" zaka 500 miliyoni pambuyo pa Big Bang. Chithunzichi chikusonyeza mmene milalang’amba yasinthira m’kupita kwa nthaŵi, ikukula kukula kupyolera m’kuphatikizana ndi kukhala zimphona zowonekera m’chilengedwe lerolino.

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zaka 13,3 biliyoni za chisinthiko cha cosmic zikuwonetsedwa pano mu chithunzi chimodzi.