Mankhwala molimba mtima amafikira njira zenizeni

Chaka chapitacho, katswiri wa neuroradiologist Wendell Gibby adachita opaleshoni ya msana pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi a Microsoft HoloLens. Atawapaka, dokotalayo anaona msana wa wodwalayo, ukuoneka ngati ukutsetsereka pamwamba pa thupi.

Kuti adziwe malo a diski yomwe imayambitsa kupweteka kwa msana, kujambula kwa magnetic resonance (MRI) ndi computed tomography (CT) zithunzi za wodwalayo zinalowetsedwa mu mapulogalamu, zomwe zinapangitsa msana mu 3D.

Chaka m'mbuyomo, Dr. Shafi Ahmed anagwiritsa ntchito Google Glass kuti awonetsere opaleshoni ya odwala khansa. Makamera awiri a 360-degree ndi ma lens ambiri adayikidwa mozungulira chipindacho, kulola ophunzira azachipatala, maopaleshoni ndi owonera kuti awone ndikumva zomwe zikuchitika panthawiyi ndikuphunzira kulekanitsa chotupacho molondola ndi minofu yathanzi yozungulira.

Ku France, magalasi owonekera adachitidwapo opareshoni posachedwa mwa wodwala yemwe adavala magalasi enieni (-) panthawi ya opaleshoniyo. Kuyika wodwala m'dziko lodziwika bwino kunalola madokotala kuti aunike mu nthawi yeniyeni (ie panthawi ya opaleshoni) ntchito ya zigawo za ubongo ndi kugwirizana kwa ubongo komwe kumagwira ntchito payekha. Mpaka pano, sikunatheke kuchita izi patebulo la opaleshoni. Anaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito magalasi enieni motere kuti apewe kutayika kwathunthu kwa masomphenya a wodwalayo, yemwe anali atataya kale diso limodzi chifukwa cha matendawa.

Wendell Gibby atavala HoloLens

Ntchito ndi kuphunzitsa madokotala

Zitsanzo zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuwonetsa momwe njira zenizeni zakhazikika kale muzamankhwala. Kugwiritsa ntchito koyamba kwa VR pazachipatala kunayamba koyambirira kwa 90s. Pakadali pano, mayankho oterowo amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pakufunika kuwonetsa zovuta zachipatala (makamaka muzochita ndi kukonzekera kwawo), pamaphunziro ndi maphunziro (kuwona mawonekedwe a thupi ndi ntchito zama simulators a laparoscopic), mu endoscopy pafupifupi, psychology ndi kukonzanso, ndi telemedicine. .

M'maphunziro azachipatala, zowoneka bwino, zamphamvu komanso za 1971D zimakhala ndi mwayi waukulu kuposa maatlasi apamwamba a mabuku. Chitsanzo ndi lingaliro lothandizidwa ndi boma la US lomwe limapereka mwayi wodziwa zambiri zazithunzi za anthu (CT, MRI ndi cryosections). Amapangidwa kuti aziphunzira kachulukidwe ka thupi, kuchita kafukufuku wazithunzi ndikupanga mapulogalamu (zamaphunziro, zowunikira, kukonza zamankhwala ndi kuyerekezera). Gulu lathunthu la Virtual Man lili ndi zithunzi za 1 pa 15mm resolution ndi 5189 GB kukula. Virtual Woman imakhala ndi zithunzi za 0,33 (zosankha 40 mm) ndipo amalemera pafupifupi XNUMX GB.

Kuwonjezera pa malo ophunzirira enieni zomverera amalola ophunzira kuchita mofulumira kwambiri, koma osakulitsa luso. Pokanikiza batani, amatha kudzaza syringe ndikutulutsa, ndipo kwenikweni "amamva" syringe ikagunda pakhungu, minofu kapena fupa - jekeseni m'thumba lophatikizana limapereka kumverera kosiyana kwambiri kuposa kubandika singano. mu minofu ya adipose. Panthawi ya opaleshoni, kayendetsedwe kalikonse kali ndi zotsatira zake, nthawi zina zoopsa kwambiri. Ndikofunikira komwe mungadulire mozama komanso komwe mungapangire ma punctures kuti musawononge mitsempha ndi mitsempha. Kuonjezera apo, pakapita nthawi, pamene nthawi zambiri zimatenga mphindi kuti zipulumutse wodwala, luso lothandiza la dokotala ndilofunika kulemera kwake kwagolide. Kuphunzitsa pa simulator yeniyeni kumakupatsani mwayi wowongolera luso lanu osayika thanzi la aliyense pachiwopsezo.

Zowonetsera zenizeni zimagwiranso ntchito ku gawo lotsatira la ntchito ya udokotala, mwachitsanzo pafupifupi endoscopy kumakupatsani mwayi woyerekeza "kuyenda" m'thupi ndikulowa m'matenda popanda kuyesa kosokoneza. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pa opaleshoni yamakompyuta. Mu opaleshoni ochiritsira, dokotala amangoona pamwamba, ndi kayendedwe ka scalpel ndi, mwatsoka, wosasinthika. . Pogwiritsa ntchito VR, amatha kuona pansi pamtunda ndikupanga zisankho zochokera kuzinthu zina.

Pakati pa ma dolphin komanso pakuvekedwa kwa Elizabeth II

Thandizo loyesera la anthu omwe ali ndi schizophrenia lapangidwa ku yunivesite ya Oxford. Izi zimawalola kukumana maso ndi maso ndi avatar yeniyeni yoyimira mawu akung'ung'udza m'mitu yawo. Pambuyo pa magawo oyambirira a kuyezetsa, zotsatira zake zimakhala zolimbikitsa. Ofufuza omwe adayesa mosasamala adayerekeza chithandizochi ndi upangiri wachikhalidwe. Iwo adapeza kuti pambuyo pa masabata khumi ndi awiri, ma avatar anali othandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa kuyerekezera kwa makutu. Kafukufukuyu, wofalitsidwa mu The Lancet Psychiatry, adatsata odwala 150 aku Britain omwe adadwala schizophrenia kwa zaka pafupifupi makumi awiri ndipo adakumana ndi zowona zosokoneza komanso zosokoneza kwa nthawi yopitilira chaka. Mwa awa, 75 aperekedwa. chithandizo cha avatarndipo 75 adagwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe. Pakadali pano, ma avatar awonetsedwa kuti ndi othandiza pochepetsa kuyerekezera zinthu m'makutu. Ngati kafukufuku wina wapambana, chithandizo cha avatar chikhoza kusintha momwe anthu mamiliyoni ambiri amachitira. anthu omwe ali ndi psychosis на калым świat.

Gulu Losambira la Dolphin

Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 70, ochita kafukufuku ena adalongosola zotsatira zabwino zochiritsira za kusambira ndi dolphin, makamaka kwa olumala. Komabe, otchedwa chithandizo cha dolphin ili ndi kuipa kwake. Choyamba, zingakhale zodula kwambiri kwa anthu ambiri. Chachiwiri, lingaliro la anthu kulowa m'mayiwe a nyama zotsekeredwa latsutsidwa kuti ndi lankhanza ndi akatswiri azachilengedwe. Dutch Marijka Schöllema adabwera ndi lingaliro lotembenukira kuukadaulo wazowona zenizeni. Wopangidwa ndi iye Gulu Losambira la Dolphin imapereka chidziwitso chenicheni cha 360-degree. Pulojekitiyi ikugwiritsa ntchito foni yam'manja ya Samsung S7 yoyikidwa pamagalasi osambira okhala ndi zinthu zosindikizidwa za 3D kuti ipange chomverera m'makutu.

Ukadaulo wa Virtual Reality ndioyenera kuthana ndi matenda a nkhawa. Imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri ndi kukhudzana mankhwala - wodwala poyera ndi irritant amene amachititsa nkhawa, koma zonse zimachitika pansi mosamalitsa ankalamulira mikhalidwe, kupereka maganizo a chitetezo. Zowona zenizeni zimakulolani kukumana ndi mantha a malo otseguka, kuyandikira kapena kuwuluka. Munthu angayang’anizane ndi mkhalidwe wovuta kwa iye, pamene akudziŵa kuti sakuchita nawo kwenikweni. M'maphunziro omwe adachiza phobia yakutali, kusintha kudawoneka mwa 90% ya odwala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito VR pakukonzanso minyewa kumatha kukhala mwayi odwala sitirokokuwalola kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zochizira mwachangu ndikubwerera ku moyo wabwinobwino. Kampani yaku Sweden ya MindMaze yapanga nsanja yozikidwa pa chidziwitso pazasayansi ya neurorehabilitation ndi chidziwitso. Mayendedwe a wodwalayo amatsatiridwa ndi makamera ndikuwonetsedwa ngati avatar ya 3D. Kenako, masewera olimbitsa thupi amasankhidwa payekhapayekha, omwe, pambuyo pa kubwereza koyenera kobwerezabwereza, amalimbikitsa kuyambiranso kwa maulumikizi owonongeka a neural ndi kuyambitsa kwatsopano.

Asayansi ochokera ku US, Germany ndi Brazil posachedwapa adafalitsa zotsatira za kafukufuku amene odwala asanu ndi atatu ali ndi paraplegia (kupuwala kwa miyendo) adathandizidwa ndi zida za VR ndi exoskeleton. Zoona zenizeni zimatengera ntchito zamagalimoto, ndipo exoskeleton idasuntha miyendo ya odwala malinga ndi zizindikiro zaubongo. Odwala onse mu phunziroli adapezanso chidwi komanso kuwongolera kuyenda pansi pa msana wovulala. Chifukwa chake panali kusinthika kwakukulu kwa ma neuron.

Startup Brain Power yapanga chida chithandizo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi autism. Iyi ndi Google Glass yokonzedwa bwino - yokhala ndi mapulogalamu apadera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito, mwachitsanzo. dongosolo kuzindikira maganizo. Pulogalamuyi imasonkhanitsa deta yamakhalidwe, kuikonza, ndikupereka ndemanga mu mawonekedwe osavuta, omveka bwino owoneka ndi mawu kwa mwiniwake (kapena wowasamalira). Zida zamtunduwu zimathandiza ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism kuphunzira chinenero, kuyendetsa khalidwe ndikukulitsa luso la anthu - mwachitsanzo, amazindikira momwe munthu wina akumvera ndipo kenako pawonetsero, pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro, "amamuuza" mwanayo zomwe wina akunena. kumva.

Kenako, ntchitoyi yakonzedwa kuti iwathandize kukumbukira bwino zinthu anthu omwe akulimbana ndi dementia. Izi zimachitika kudzera muzochita zolimbitsa thupi zingapo pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa digito ndi magalasi a 3D. Ndiko kuyesa kukumbukira kukumbukira zochitika zazikulu zomwe munthu wodwala dementia angakhale adakumana nazo m'moyo wake wonse. Okonzawo akuyembekeza kuti izi zitha kukhala nthawi yolumikizana ndi anthu ena ndikuwongolera moyo wanu. Mayeso omwe adafotokozedwa ndi The Guardian adapanga zoyeserera zenizeni kutengera kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mfumukazi Elizabeth II mu 1953, yopangira okhala ku UK. Chochitikacho chinapangidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito zojambulajambula, zisudzo, zovala za nthawi ndi zida zoyimira. Kumbuyo kunali Islington Street ku North London.

Deep Stream VR yochokera ku California, yomwe imatenga odwala kupita kudziko lenileni komwe atha "kumizidwa" poyang'ana zochitika za ngwaziyo, yakwanitsa. mphamvu yochepetsera ululu pafupifupi 60-70%. Njira yothetsera vutoli inali yothandiza m’njira zosiyanasiyana zachipatala, kuyambira pamankhwala a mano mpaka kusintha kavalidwe. Komabe, ili si lingaliro lodziwika bwino la zowawa zenizeni padziko lapansi.

Kwa zaka zoposa makumi awiri, apainiya a VR ndi ojambula zithunzi Hunter Hoffman ndi David Patterson, ofufuza pa yunivesite ya Washington, akhala akutsimikizira luso lapadera la VR. mpumulo wa ululu waukulu. Zolengedwa zawo zaposachedwa dziko lenileni zomwe zimatengera chisamaliro cha wodwalayo kuchokera ku zowawa kupita ku malo oundana owundana osambira ozizira buluu ndi oyera. Ntchito yokha ya munthu wodwala yomwe ilipo^kuponya mipira ya chipale chofewa pa ma pengwini. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, zotsatira zake zimadzilankhulira okha - anthu omwe amawotcha adamva kupweteka kwa 35-50% atamizidwa mu VR kusiyana ndi mlingo wochepa wa mankhwala opweteka. Kuphatikiza pa odwala omwe ali m'chipatala cha ana, ofufuzawo adagwiranso ntchito ndi asitikali akale aku US omwe adawotchedwa ndipo adalimbana ndi vuto la post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Chithunzi chochokera ku pulogalamu ya VR yopangidwa kuti ichiritse akapsa.

Khansa inagwidwa nthawi yomweyo

Zikuwonekeratu kuti njira za virtualization zitha kuthandizira kuzindikira koyambirira kwa khansa. Kuzindikira chotupa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu wamba ndizovuta komanso zimatenga nthawi. Komabe, Google Research idayambitsidwa mu Epulo 2018. microscope ARzomwe zimatha kuzindikira maselo a khansa mu nthawi yeniyeni ndi chithandizo chowonjezera cha kuphunzira makina.

Pamwamba pa kamera, yomwe imalumikizana ndi algorithm ya AI, pali chiwonetsero cha AR (chowonadi chotsimikizika) chomwe chimawonetsa deta pakapezeka vuto. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, microscope imayang'ana maselo a khansa mutangoyikamo chitsanzo. Njirayi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda ena monga chifuwa chachikulu ndi malungo.

Ma microscope a AR omwe amazindikira kusintha kwa ma pathological

Phindu salinso kwenikweni

Chaka chatha, kampani yofufuza ya Grand View Research inayerekezera mtengo wa msika wapadziko lonse wa VR ndi AR zothetsera mankhwala pa $ 568,7 miliyoni, zomwe zikuyimira kukula kwa 29,1%. Malinga ndi akatswiri, msika uwu uyenera kupitirira $ 2025 biliyoni pofika chaka cha 5. Kukula kofulumira kwa gawoli ndi chifukwa cha chitukuko chokhazikika cha hardware ndi mapulogalamu enieni, komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa matekinoloje m'madera atsopano a mankhwala.

VR Dolphin Therapy: 

Kalavani ya Wild Dolphin UnderwaterVR

Lipoti la Cancer Cell Detection Report lolembedwa ndi AR:

Kuzindikira Khansa Yeniyeni ndi Kuphunzira Kwamakina