Maz 543 - Trakitala yamkuntho

Tiyeni tikambirane za thalakitala ya Maz 543 - Hurricane.

MAZ 543 - makhalidwe ndi zosintha

Kwa nthawi yoyamba MAZ-543 idapangidwa ku Minsk Automobile Plant mu 60s, ndipo mpaka pano kupanga kwake sikunayimitsidwe. Iyi ndi galimoto yamagudumu asanu ndi atatu, yomwe idapangidwa ngati projekiti yagalimoto yankhondo ndipo idakhazikitsidwa bwino ngati gawo la mpikisano wankhondo pakati pa USSR ndi USA. .

Mbiri Yakale

MAZ-537 inali maziko a mapangidwe a mphepo yamkuntho, yomwe akatswiri adabwereka chimango chopambana kwambiri, mlatho ndi zinthu zina. Pambuyo wamakono a injini ndi dongosolo ulamuliro analandira wapadera MAZ-543 galimoto, amene analandira dzina lakutchulidwa "Hurricane" mwa anthu chifukwa cha liwiro lake mkulu ndi mphamvu zabwino. Zaka 1959 zokha zinadutsa kuyambira pachiyambi cha ntchito mu 3 mpaka kutulutsidwa kwa ma prototypes oyambirira, ndipo mu 1962 magalimoto oyambirira anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula zida zankhondo.

Makhalidwe a kanyumba

Poyamba, magalimoto MAZ-543 anali ndi kanyumba kamodzi ndipo bwinobwino anapambana mayeso mayendedwe a mivi. Komabe, dongosolo la missile lomwe lapangidwa posachedwa ndi mfuti yankhondo pafupifupi 12,5 m kutalika silinathenso kukwanira pa chassis yomwe ilipo. Panali njira imodzi yokha yotulukira: kutalikitsa chassis, koma izi zikanakhala zopanda nzeru ndipo zingafune kusintha kwakukulu.

Mlengi wamkulu wa galimoto galimoto nthawi imeneyo, Shaposhnikov, anatenga sitepe molimba mtima ndipo anagawa kanyumba lonse mu magawo awiri, pakati pa "mutu" wa rocket. Yankho lapaderali linakhala lopambana kotero kuti pambuyo pake linagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zitsanzo zina zamtunduwu.

Zolemba zamakono

Kope loyamba la MAZ-543 linayamba kupanga mu 1965, linali ndi mphamvu yonyamula matani 19, anthu 4 akhoza kukhala m'nyumba ziwiri, ndipo mipando inali imodzi pambuyo pa imzake. Popeza inali chitsanzo chapadera chomwe chinalibe ma analogues, mayankho ambiri apachiyambi komanso osakhala okhazikika adagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapangidwe ake:

• Kuyimitsidwa kwa Torsion-link;
• 12 yamphamvu thanki injini ndi 525 HP;
• 4-liwiro gearbox kwa kusuntha yosalala;
• Wheelbase 8x8 yokhala ndi kupopera basi kwa gudumu lililonse;
• Njira yothetsera: matanki awiri amafuta a malita 250, malita 180 owonjezera;
• Kuthamanga kwakukulu 60km/h;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito malita 80-120 pa 100 Km.

Zomwe zimachitika

Mawu a kamangidwe ka MAZ-543 muli mfundo zambiri zimene ziyenera kuganiziridwa popanga makina. Makhalidwe omwe akufotokozedwa mu TOR adakhudza mwachindunji kukula kwagalimoto:

• M'lifupi mpaka 3 m ndi geji ya 2375 m, yomwe imakulolani kuti mulowe mumsewu;
• Kutalika mpaka 3 m kumapereka kuwongolera kwakukulu kwa zida ngakhale m'matauni ngati kuli kofunikira;
• Kutalika kopitilira 11,5 m kumakupatsani mwayi woyika roketi yokhala ndi choyambitsa, kuphatikiza mtundu wautali wa Temp-S chifukwa cha zipinda zosiyana;
• kutalika kwa nthaka 40 cm;
• Kutalika kwa 1,85 m.

Cholinga chachikulu cha mapangidwe a MAZ-543 - kuyika kwa zida za misala - zidakwaniritsidwa bwino. Pambuyo pake, galimotoyo idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula zida zosiyanasiyana zankhondo, ndipo zida zapadera zidakhazikitsidwa pamunsi pake. Chitsanzo chinapangidwa popanda kusintha mpaka 1966, kenako kusinthidwa koyamba kwa MAZ-543A.

MAZ-543A

Zitsanzo woyamba wa kusinthidwa MAZ-543A anaonekera mu 1963, koma kupanga misa unayambitsidwa mu 1968. Mtunduwu ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi mtundu woyambira wokhala ndi zosiyana pang'ono:

• Mphamvu yonyamula idakwera kuchokera ku 19,1 mpaka matani 19,4;
• Kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito mu gawo la chimango;
• Kusamuka pang'ono kwa ma cab patsogolo.

Izi zinali zokwanira kukulitsa kukhazikitsa mpaka 2000. Cholinga chachikulu cha galimotoyo chinali kuyenda kwa oyambitsa Temp-S, omwe posakhalitsa adalowa m'malo mwa Tornadoes. Komanso, pamaziko a MAZ-543A anasonkhana maofesi kulankhulana, cranes galimoto ndi magetsi.

MAZ-543M

MAZ-543M moyenerera amaonedwa kuti ndi njira yopambana kwambiri pamzere wa Hurricanes. Kutulutsidwa kwake kudayamba mu 1976, pomwe mapangidwe ake sanasinthe. Zina mwa makhalidwe a chitsanzo:

• Katundu mphamvu 22,2 matani;
• Kukhalapo kwa kanyumba kamodzi kumanzere kwa galimoto;
• Chowonjezera chimango.

Cholinga chachikulu cha kusinthaku chinali kunyamula zida zazitali za rocket ndi zida zankhondo. M'madera akutali a dziko kumene kunalibe midzi, malo ogona okhala ndi machitidwe onse ofunikira kuti azikhala omasuka, komanso canteens zam'manja, anaikidwa pa chassis.

Pambuyo pa 2000, kupanga MAZ-543 kunatha, ndipo ngakhale kale, chilolezo chopanga chinagulitsidwa kwa wopanga Wanshan ku China, omwe amagulitsabe magalimoto otengera lusoli. Mu Russia, MAZ-543 m'malo ndi bwino MZKT-7390.

Makina apakatikati ndi amodzi

Ngakhale zisanachitike kusinthidwa koyamba, okonzawo adagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera teknoloji, zomwe zinachititsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwakukulu kwazing'ono.

• MAZ-543B - kunyamula mphamvu yawonjezeka kufika matani 19,6. Cholinga chachikulu ndikuyendetsa oyambitsa 9P117M.
• MAZ-543V - kulowetsedwa kwa kusinthidwa otsiriza bwino anali ndi kanyumba anasamukira kutsogolo, chimango elongated ndi kuchuluka katundu mphamvu.
• MAZ-543P - galimoto chosavuta kapangidwe ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kukoka ngolo, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuphunzitsa madalaivala mayunitsi aakulu. Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kumeneku kunagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachuma cha dziko.
• MAZ-543D - chitsanzo mpando umodzi ndi Mipikisano mafuta injini dizilo. Lingaliro losangalatsa silinakwezedwe chifukwa linali lovuta kukhazikitsa.
• MAZ-543T - chitsanzo lakonzedwa kuti kuyenda omasuka m'madera amapiri.

Wozimitsa moto "Hurricane"

Kusintha kwa MAZ-543 ngati injini yamoto kumayenera kusamala kwambiri. Makinawa adapangidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamabwalo a ndege. Kukhazikitsa kunakhala kopambana kwambiri kotero kuti maguluwo amakumanabe mu "Service".

Zina mwa zinthu za injini yamoto ya MAZ imatha kutulutsa thanki yamadzi ya malita 12 ndi thanki yowonjezera ya thovu ya malita 000, yomwe imatheketsa kuzimitsa moto waukulu pabwalo la ndege. Tsoka ilo, chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kambiri, galimotoyo siyingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'matauni.

Chotsalira chokha chodziwikiratu cha kusintha kwa moto wa Hurricane ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri, kufika malita 100.

MAZ-543 lero

Popeza ntchito yaikulu ya thirakitala inali yankhondo, n’zosadabwitsa kuti siinagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m’madera ena. M'kupita kwa nthawi, galimotoyo inasiya kupangidwa konse, ngakhale kuti zida zogwiritsira ntchito zida zimapezekabe m'malo otayira akutali.

Popeza Minsk Automobile Plant wakhala akupanga zitsanzo zapamwamba kwambiri kwa nthawi yaitali, kufunika kwa MAZ-543 kwatha. Komabe, kupanga kopangidwa mwamakonda kukupitilizabe kudzera mwa ogulitsa ovomerezeka, monga PK Russian Truck LLC.

 

Makhalidwe a galimoto yankhondo MAZ-543 ndi zosintha zingapo zodziwika bwino

29.04.2019

MAZ-543 ndi ntchito yopambana ya USSR Army-Autoindustrial complex, yomwe inawonekera mu 60s ya zaka zapitazo ndipo ikupangidwabe. M’zaka za m’ma 1960, dziko la Soviet Union linachira pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, ndipo kenako linayamba mpikisano wothamanga ndi dziko la United States. Ndalama zazikulu ndi akatswiri abwino kwambiri a Union anapita kukonzanso Minsk Automobile Plant, yomwe imayenera kukhala likulu la mafakitale la USSR.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito ochokera ku Yaroslavl adatumizidwa ku chomera cha Minsk. Mu 1959, kampani analandira malangizo atsopano a chitukuko - kupanga magalimoto chilengedwe. Kulengedwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mndandanda wopambana wa 537 kunatsimikizira kuti zida zapadera zimatha kupangidwa ku Minsk. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 50, MAZ inalandira malamulo ambiri a boma pakupanga zida zankhondo. Ambuyewo anapatsidwa ntchito yopanga galimoto yolemetsa ya 4-axle-wheel drive - chassis yapadziko lonse lapansi yomwe zida zankhondo zitha kukhazikitsidwa. Pambuyo pakuyesa kosiyanasiyana, okonzawo adaganiza zopanga chisankho mokomera wheelbase, kusiya mayendedwe.

Zabwino kwambiri zinatengedwa ku MAZ-537 chitsanzo - chimango ndi mlatho. Zambiri mwaukadaulo zasinthidwa kwambiri. Pakuti liwiro wabwino ndi mphamvu MAZ-543 galimoto amatchedwa "Mkuntho". Pofika pakati pa 1962, prototypes asanu anali okonzeka, amene anatumizidwa ku Volgograd kuika zida zankhondo pa iwo.

MAZ-543 banja

zoyendera izi anayamba pamaziko a Baibulo 537, atalandira mayunitsi bwino, wheelbase odalirika ndi kabati latsopano. Injini ya dizilo idapanga mphamvu 525. Bokosilo linali ndi magiya atatu ndipo limathandizidwa ndi makina ojambulira. Kupititsa patsogolo patency, njira yowunikira matayala akutali idawonjezedwa.

banja 543 inkakhala zitsanzo zazikulu zitatu: 543, 543A ndi 543M. Chodziwika bwino cha mathirakitala chinali malo a kabati yokhala ndi mazenera otsetsereka - inali yanjira ziwiri (kumanja ndi kumanzere). Kutalika kwa wheelbase kunali mamita 7,7, ndi katundu pazipita, galimoto anafika liwiro la 60 Km / h. Pa makilomita 100 aliwonse a njanji, malita 100 a mafuta a dizilo ankafunika.

MAZ-543

Chassis MAZ-543 - mtundu woyamba wa mndandanda ndi katundu mphamvu matani 19,1. Pambuyo pa mayesero opambana mu 1962, kupanga magalimoto ambiri kunayamba mu 1965. Zinyumbazo zinali zolekanitsidwa kwa wina ndi mzake, panali chipinda cha injini pakati pawo, aliyense wa iwo ankakhala ndi anthu awiri. Magalimoto opitilira 2 amtunduwu adapangidwa.

Asilikali a People's Army a GDR adagwiritsa ntchito chassis iyi ngati ma module okonza ndi kuchira. Thupi lophimbidwa ndi awning lidayikidwa pagalimoto, momwe amatha kunyamula zida zofunikira ndi akatswiri, kuwateteza ku nyengo.

M'zaka zoyambirira, zida za missile zokha zidakonzedwa kuti zikhazikitsidwe pamayendedwe awa. Choyamba chinali chitsanzo "Temp" mu 1960. Kenako choyambitsa 9P117 chochokera ku 9K72 yatsopano chidayikidwapo. Pambuyo pake, anaganiza zoika zida zankhondo zosiyanasiyana.

MAZ-543A

Mu 1963, galimotoyo MAZ-543A inayambitsidwa, mphamvu yonyamula yomwe inawonjezeka kufika matani 19,4. Zitsanzo zoyamba zidatumizidwa ku Volgograd kuti zikhale ndi zida zankhondo za Temp-S. Mu 1966, chiyambi cha kupanga mafakitale, mabungwe ankhondo ndi superstructures anayamba kusonkhanitsidwa Model A. Mu 1968, kupanga misa kusinthidwa thalakitala anayamba.

Njira A inali yosiyana pang'ono ndi Baibulo loyambirira. Zomwe zikuluzikulu zimaphatikizira kusamutsidwa kwa ma cabs patsogolo, chifukwa chomwe gawo logwira ntchito la chimango lidakulitsidwa mpaka 7 metres. Kupanga makinawa kunatha pakati pa zaka "zero", nthawi zonse makope oposa 2,6 anapangidwa.

Cholinga chachikulu cha makinawo chinali kunyamula zoyambitsa roketi za Temp. Kuonjezera apo, zida zofunikira zonyamulira zovutazo zidanyamulidwa. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, Smerch multiple launch rocket system inayikidwa pa chassis. Makinawa anali achilengedwe chonse, zowonjezera zilizonse zidagwiritsidwa ntchito, kupanga ma post command, ma radar, mahotela akumunda a asitikali, ndi zina zambiri.

MAZ-543M

Chassis yabwino kwambiri ya MAZ-543M, yomwe idakhala maziko a mndandanda wonsewo, idapangidwa mu 1974. Idasiyanitsidwa ndi omwe adatsogolera awiri ndi kukhalapo kwa kabati kumanzere ndikuwonjezera kunyamula (matani 22,2). Mapangidwe oyambirira sanasinthe.

Kuphatikiza pa kuyika zida zankhondo, mbewuyo idaganiza zophatikiza MAZ-543 ndi nsanja yazitsulo zonse, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti azinyamula katundu ndi asitikali. Kusintha sikunagawidwe.

Chitsanzochi chapita kale m'mbiri. Inali ndi zida zamakono komanso zamphamvu, komanso zida zankhondo zambiri. Zoyendera zidanyamula unsembe wankhondo wa Smerch, zovuta za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Bereg, zida zankhondo za Rubezh, mfuti zamtundu wa S-300 zotsutsana ndi ndege, ndi zina zambiri.

Makopi 4500 a MAZ-543M chassis adapangidwa padziko lapansi. Panthawi ya kugwa kwa USSR, kupanga kwakukulu kunayenera kuyimitsidwa, koma Minsk Automobile Plant inapitiriza kupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono mwa lamulo la boma. Pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000, zitsanzo zoposa 11 za banja lonse zinali zitasonkhanitsidwa.

Mu 1990, pamaziko a Baibulo 543 anapangidwa galimoto MAZ-7930, wosiyana ndi mnzake mu injini 12 yamphamvu ndi mphamvu 500 HP ndi thupi lonse zitsulo. Ngakhale kugwa kwa Union, mu 1994 prototypes Baibuloli anapambana mayesero zofunika ndipo anapezerapo pa sitima zoyendera wotchedwa MZKT-7390. Zoyendera izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asitikali aku Russia kukhazikitsa zida ndi ma module osiyanasiyana.

Mabaibulo ang'onoang'ono a 543rd

Kwa zaka zambiri, Mabaibulo ang'onoang'ono opangidwa kutengera muyezo MAZ-543M chassis. Iwo sanalandire kumasulidwa kwakukulu, koma anapangidwa ndi dongosolo lapadera. MAZ-543B idagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa 9P117M kuchokera ku zovuta za 9K72.

Mtundu wodziwika bwino wa B udakhala maziko a mtundu wa M. Mapangidwe a mfundo zina adasinthidwa. The cab pa zoyendera anasiyidwa kumanzere, ndi mphamvu kunyamula chinawonjezeka matani 19,6. Makinawa adagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika zida zazitali komanso zolemetsa. Makope ochepera 250 anapangidwa.

Kuti achite ntchito zosiyanasiyana zam'mbuyo ndi zachuma, chitsanzo cha P chinatulutsidwa. Mitundu yapayokha: D yokhala ndi dizilo wamba wamafuta ambiri ndi T yamalo amapiri.

Zojambula Zapangidwe

Kabati ya thirakitala idapangidwa kuti akhazikitse rocket launcher. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mapangidwe apamwamba a kanyumba kunapangitsa kuti zoyendera zikhale zapamwamba, zomwe sizinkalola kudutsa pansi pa milatho m'misewu ya anthu. Zipinda ziwiri zolimba zidapangidwa ndi utomoni wa poliyesitala, pomwe panali chipinda cha injini. Kanyumba kalikonse kanapangidwira anthu awiri. Kuletsa mawu pakugwira ntchito sikunalole phokoso lopitilira 2 dB.

Mphepo yamkuntho MAZ-543 inali ndi chimango chowotcherera ndi nthiti ziwiri zachitsulo, zomwe zimakongoletsedwa pamtanda. Chifukwa cha mapangidwe apadera a chimango, adatchedwa "channel". Kuipa kwa njira yomangayi ndi kutaya pang'ono kwa kayendedwe ka malo aulere. Chassis ili ndi kuyimitsidwa paokha. Ma axles awiri oyamba amatha kusintha. Makina a brake adatengedwa kuchokera pamndandanda wa 537th.

Panalibe kusintha kwapadera mu chiwongolero ndi braking limagwirira poyerekeza MAZ-537. Mawilowa ali ndi mawilo opepuka a aloyi. Pulojekita ya matayala idapangidwa kuti izitha kuyendetsa popanda msewu. Ground chilolezo - 400 millimeters.

Pomaliza

The MAZ-543 thirakitala kawirikawiri amaona m'magulu a anthu. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndizochitika zankhondo: kunyamula ma trailer osiyanasiyana, kukhazikitsa zida ndi ma module apadera osiyanasiyana. Magawo ena adalandira zoyendera zotere ngati nyumba zakumunda. Zidazi zimakhalanso ndi magalimoto okhala ndi ma radar omwe amakulolani kuti muwone momwe zinthu zilili mumlengalenga. Pamsika wachiwiri, galimotoyo sigulitsa, osati yobwereka. Kupanga kukupitirirabe mpaka lero, koma m'magulu ang'onoang'ono komanso mwa dongosolo la boma.

Ndinadzifufuza ndekha. APC vs MAZ

MAZ 543 - makhalidwe ndi zosintha

Poyamba, galimotoyo inakonzedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito poyika zida za mizinga, koma pambuyo pake pamaziko a machitidwe atsopano a MAZ-543 ndi zida zambiri zothandizira zidapangidwa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti ikhale galimoto yaikulu kwambiri komanso yofala kwambiri. Soviet Army.

Ubwino waukulu wa chitsanzo ichi ndi mphamvu yapamwamba, kudalirika kwapangidwe, kumanga khalidwe ndi luso lodutsa dziko lapansi, kusinthasintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. galimoto.

Zolemba / zida zankhondo Galimoto yokhala ndi nkhope chikwi: ntchito zankhondo za mathirakitala a MAZ

Kalekale, pamisonkhano yankhondo, magalimoto a MAZ-543 okhala ndi zida zatsopano chaka chilichonse anali kupereka "zodabwitsa" zina zowopsa kwa owonera akunja. Mpaka posachedwa, makinawa adasungabe udindo wawo wapamwamba ndipo akugwirabe ntchito ndi gulu lankhondo la Russia.

Mapangidwe a m'badwo watsopano wa magalimoto olemera a SKB-1 a Minsk Automobile Plant motsogozedwa ndi wopanga wamkulu Boris Lvovich Shaposhnik adayamba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, ndipo kupanga kwa banja la 543 kunatheka kokha kusamutsidwa kwa kupanga mathirakitala agalimoto a MAZ-537 kupita ku chomera cha Kurgan. Kuti asonkhanitse magalimoto atsopano ku MAZ, msonkhano wachinsinsi unakhazikitsidwa, kenako unasandulika kupanga mathirakitala apadera, ndipo SKB-1 inakhala Ofesi ya Chief Designer No. 2 (UGK-2).

MAZ-543 banja

Malinga ndi masanjidwe ambiri ndi m'munsi anawonjezera, MAZ-543 banja anali mofulumira ndi zosinthika kusintha mathirakitala magalimoto galimoto MAZ-537G, analandira mayunitsi akweza, cabs latsopano ndi kwambiri kuchuluka chimango kutalika. Injini ya dizilo ya 525-horsepower D12A-525A V12, makina osinthira osinthira ma torque amakono ndi ma gearbox othamanga atatu, mawilo atsopano a disc pa torsion bar kuyimitsidwa ndi kukakamizidwa kosinthika pamiyala yayikulu yotchedwa riveted-welded live frame. chassis ndi kuyimitsidwa koyambirira.

Maziko a banja 543 anali m'munsi chassis MAZ-543, MAZ-543A ndi MAZ-543M ndi cabs latsopano fiberglass mbali ndi otsetsereka n'zosiyana wa windshields, amene anakhala ngati "kuyitana khadi" lonse lachitsanzo osiyanasiyana. Zipindazi zinali ndi zosankha zakumanja ndi zakumanzere, ndipo anthu awiri ogwira nawo ntchito adapezeka molingana ndi dongosolo loyambirira la tandem, pamipando imodzi pambuyo pa inzake. Malo aulere pakati pawo adagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa radiator ndikukhala kutsogolo kwa rocket. Magalimoto onse anali ndi gudumu limodzi la mamita 7,7, pamene odzaza mokwanira, iwo anayamba liwiro pa khwalala 60 Km / h ndi kudya malita 80 a mafuta pa 100 Km.

MAZ-543

Kholo wa banja 543 anali "kuwala" m'munsi galimotoyo ndi mphamvu kunyamula matani 19,1 ndi losavuta MAZ-543 index. Zoyamba zisanu ndi chimodzi prototypes anasonkhana m'chaka cha 1962 ndipo anatumiza ku Volgograd chomera "Barrikada" kukhazikitsa dongosolo mizinga. Kupanga magalimoto MAZ-543 anayamba kugwa mu 1965. Kutsogolo kwa chipinda cha injini, panali zitseko ziwiri za zitseko ziwiri zotalikirana, zomwe zinakonzeratu kansalu kakang'ono kutsogolo (mamita 2,5) ndi kutalika kwa chimango chopitirira mamita asanu ndi limodzi. magalimoto MAZ-543 anasonkhana mu kuchuluka kwa makope 1631.

M'gulu la People's Army la GDR, matupi afupiafupi azitsulo okhala ndi denga ndi zipangizo zomangirira zowonjezera anakwera pa galimoto ya MAZ-543, kuwasandutsa kukhala magalimoto oyendetsa mafoni kapena mathirakitala a ballast.

Pa gawo loyamba, cholinga chachikulu cha Baibuloli chinali kunyamula zida zoyesera zogwiritsa ntchito-tactical missile. Yoyamba mwa izi inali njira yonyoza ya 9K71 Temp complex, yotsatiridwa ndi 9P117 self-propelled launcher (SPU) ya 9K72 complex.

Zitsanzo zoyamba za dongosolo la mizinga ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Rubezh, siteshoni yolumikizirana pawailesi, malo owongolera nkhondo, crane yankhondo ya 9T35, magetsi amagetsi a dizilo, ndi zina zambiri.

MAZ-543A

Mu 1963, chitsanzo choyamba cha MAZ-543A chassis ndi mphamvu yonyamula matani 19,4 nthawi yomweyo inali pansi pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa SPU ya Temp-S operational-tactical missile system (OTRK), ndipo kenako inakhala maziko a asilikali. ndi superstructures. Kupanga kwake kumafakitale kudayamba mu 1966, ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri kudayamba kupanga zambiri.

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa galimoto ndi MAZ-543 chitsanzo chinali rearrangement wa undercarriage, imperceptible kuchokera kunja, chifukwa cha kusuntha pang'ono patsogolo cabs onse awiri. Izi zikutanthawuza kuwonjezeka pang'ono kutsogolo (93 mm okha) ndi kukulitsa gawo lothandiza la chimango kufika mamita asanu ndi awiri. Mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000, galimotoyo inapangidwa kuposa 2600 MAZ-543A.

Cholinga chachikulu ndi chovuta kwambiri cha MAZ-543A chinali mayendedwe a 9P120 OTRK Temp-S launcher ndi galimoto yake yonyamula katundu (TZM), komanso TZM ya Smerch multiple launch rocket system.

Zida zokulirapo za zida zankhondo zidakhazikitsidwa pagalimoto iyi: zoyendera ndi zoyikapo, ma cranes amagalimoto, ma post command, magalimoto olumikizirana ndi chitetezo pamakina oponya mizinga, zida za radar, zogwirira ntchito, zopangira magetsi, ndi zina zambiri.

Magalimoto oyeserera ndi ang'onoang'ono a banja la MAZ-543

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, banja la 543 linaphatikizapo zosintha zingapo zazing'ono komanso zoyesera. Woyamba mu dongosolo la zilembo anali prototypes awiri a galimotoyo MAZ-543B, anamanga pa maziko a MAZ-543 ndi ntchito kukhazikitsa bwino 9P117M launcher 9K72 zovuta.

Chachilendo chachikulu chinali chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha MAZ-543V chokhala ndi mapangidwe osiyana kwambiri ndi mphamvu yonyamula matani 19,6, yomwe inali maziko a mtundu wodziwika bwino wa MAZ-543M. Mosiyana ndi akale ake, kwa nthawi yoyamba anali ndi kutsogolo-kondera single double cab, yomwe ili kumanzere pafupi ndi chipinda cha injini. Kukonzekera kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti azitha kutalikitsa kwambiri gawo lokwera la chimango kuti akhazikitse zida zazikulu. Chassis MAZ-543V anasonkhana mu kuchuluka kwa makope 233.

Kuti agwire ntchito zoyendera kumbuyo mu gulu lankhondo la Soviet ndi chuma cha dziko m'ma 1960s, mtundu wamitundu yambiri wa MAZ-543P wapawiri unapangidwa, womwe unkagwira ntchito ngati magalimoto ophunzitsira kapena mathirakitala opangira zida zankhondo ndi zida zankhondo. ngolo zolemera.

Odziwika bwino prototypes amene sanalandire chitukuko ndi galimotoyo MAZ-543D ndi Baibulo Mipikisano mafuta a muyezo dizilo ndi kuyesera "tropical" MAZ-543T ntchito m'madera a mapiri m'chipululu.

MAZ-543M

Mu 1976, patatha zaka ziwiri kulengedwa ndi kuyesedwa kwa fanizo, galimotoyo yopambana kwambiri, yapamwamba komanso yachuma MAZ-543M idabadwa, yomwe nthawi yomweyo idalowa mukupanga ndikugwira ntchito, kenako idatsogolera banja lonse la 543. Galimoto yatsopanoyo idasiyana ndi makina awiri oyambirira 543/543A chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa kabati yakumanzere yokha, yomwe ili pafupi ndi chipinda cha injini ndikusunthira kutsogolo kwa chimango, chomwe chinafika pamtunda wake (2,8 m). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mayunitsi onse ndi zigawo zake sizinasinthe, ndipo mphamvu yonyamula yawonjezeka kufika matani 22,2.

Zosintha zina zagalimoto iyi zidaphatikizanso chassis yamitundu yambiri yokhala ndi nsanja yazitsulo zonse kuchokera kugalimoto yapawiri yapawiri MAZ-7310.

MAZ-543M inali zida zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zamakono zam'nyumba komanso zida zambiri zapadera ndi matupi agalimoto. Inali ndi zida zamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi za Smerch, oyambitsa zida zankhondo zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Bereg ndi zida zankhondo za Rubezh, mfuti zamtundu wa S-300, ndi zina zambiri.

Mndandanda wa njira zothandizira zoperekera zida zam'manja zam'manja zinali zochulukira kwambiri: ma foni am'manja, malo omwe chandamale, kulumikizana, ntchito zankhondo, magalimoto omenyera chitetezo ndi chitetezo, malo ochitirako misonkhano ndi zida zamagetsi, ma canteens oyenda ndi malo ogona a ogwira ntchito, omenyera nkhondo ndi ena ambiri. .

Pamwamba pa kupanga magalimoto MAZ-543M inagwa mu 1987. Mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000, Minsk Automobile Plant inasonkhanitsa magalimoto oposa 4,5 zikwi za mndandanda uwu.

Kugwa kwa Soviet Union kunayimitsa kupanga magalasi atatu a MAZ-543, koma iwo anapitiriza kusonkhana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono kuti awonjezere zombo za magalimoto ochotsedwa, komanso kuyesa zida zatsopano zowonetsera zida. Ponseponse, pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000, magalimoto oposa 11 zikwi za mndandanda wa 543 anasonkhana ku Minsk, yomwe inali ndi zida zankhondo zana limodzi ndi zida zankhondo. Kuyambira 1986, pansi chilolezo, kampani Chinese "Wanshan" anasonkhanitsa kusinthidwa magalimoto mndandanda MAZ-543 pansi pa dzina WS-2400.

Mu 1990, madzulo a kugwa kwa USSR, 22-tani multi-purpose prototype MAZ-7930 analengedwa ndi Mipikisano mafuta V12 injini mphamvu 500 HP ndi kufala Mipikisano siteji ku Yaroslavl Njinga Bzalani. , kabati yatsopano ya monoblock ndi thupi lachitsulo lalitali.

Pakadali pano, pa February 7, 1991, gulu lankhondo la Minsk Automobile Plant lidachoka kukampani yayikulu ndikusinthidwa kukhala Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant (MZKT) yokhala ndi malo ake opangira komanso malo ofufuzira. Ngakhale izi, mu 1994, prototypes anayesedwa, zaka zinayi kenako anayamba kupanga, ndipo mu February 2003, pansi pa dzina MZKT-7930 mtundu, iwo anavomerezedwa kuti azipereka kwa asilikali Russian, kumene amatumikira kukwera zida zatsopano ndi superstructures. .

Mpaka pano, makina oyambira a banja la MAZ-543 amakhalabe mu pulogalamu yopanga MZKT ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, akhoza kuyikidwanso pa conveyor.