Mafuta a CBD ndi zowonjezera za hemp

Posachedwapa, kutchuka kwa kukonzekera kwa cannabis kwakula kwambiri. Kuyanjana ndi cannabis mwina kwathandizira pang'ono izi. Komabe, zopezeka mwalamulo za hemp ndi mafuta a CBD sizofanana ndi chamba chifukwa mulibe choledzeretsa cha THC. M'mawu awa, tiyankha mafunso otsatirawa: hemp ndi chiyani, mafuta a CBD ndi chiyani, amapezedwa bwanji, zomwe zimadziwika ndi zotsatira zake pathupi la munthu?

Dr. N. Pharm. Maria Kaspshak

Zindikirani: Malembawa ndi odziwa zambiri, si njira yodzipangira okha, sichoncho ndipo sichingalowe m'malo mwa kufunsana ndi dokotala!

Hemp ndi chomera chomwe chakhala chikulimidwa kwa zaka mazana ambiri

Hemp, kapena Cannabis sativa, ndi chomera cholimidwa chomwe chimapezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Monga mbewu iliyonse, pali mitundu ingapo ndi mitundu ya chamba, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake. Hemp yakhala ikulimidwa kwa zaka mazana ambiri chifukwa cha ulusi wake, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zingwe, zingwe ndi zokoka, komanso nsalu (motero mitundu ya hemp). Mafuta a hemp adatengedwa kuchokera kumbewu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya ndi mafakitale - mwachitsanzo, popanga utoto ndi ma varnish. Pachifukwa ichi, hemp imagwiritsa ntchito mofanana ndi fulakesi (yomwe imakulitsidwanso chifukwa cha ulusi wake ndi mbewu zamafuta), ndipo thonje lisanayambe ku Ulaya, fulakesi ndi hemp ndizomwe zimachokera ku zomera zopangira zovala ndi zinthu zina. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti asanafalikire kulima kwa rapeseed ku Poland, anali mafuta a hemp, pafupi ndi mafuta a linseed ndipo, kawirikawiri, mafuta a poppy, omwe anali mafuta otchuka kwambiri a masamba ku Poland. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mafuta a masamba kunali kotchuka kwambiri pa nthawi ya Advent ndi Lent, pamene mafuta a nyama ankasala kudya komanso osadyedwa.

Hemp, hemp, chamba - pali kusiyana kotani?

Panopa, hemp ndi chidwi ngati chomera mankhwala. Chofunika kwambiri pankhaniyi ndi ma inflorescences achikazi, omwe ali ndi zinthu zambiri zogwira ntchito, makamaka cannabinoids (kapena: cannabinoids) ndi terpenes. Chomwe chimayambitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a chamba ndi delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), chomwe ndi choledzeretsa chomwe chimayambitsa kusangalala, kumasuka, kusintha maganizo a zenizeni, etc. Pachifukwa ichi, THC ndi cannabis zomwe zili ndi kuposa 0,2 .XNUMX% THC ponena za kulemera kowuma, amaonedwa kuti ndi mankhwala ku Poland, ndipo kugulitsa kwawo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo sikuloledwa.

Chamba (Cannabis sativa subsp. Indica, chamba) ali ndi kuchuluka kwa THC. Mitundu ya chamba yomwe ili ndi zochepa za THC imatchedwa hemp ya mafakitale (Cannabis sativa, hemp), ilibe zida zoledzeretsa, ndipo kulima ndi kugulitsa sikuletsedwa. Kaya chamba ndi chamba chamakampani ndi mitundu yamitundu imodzimodzi, kapena mitundu iwiri yosiyana, palibe mgwirizano wathunthu, koma kwa ogwiritsa ntchito wamba, gulu la botanical ndilofunika kwambiri.

Cannabinoids ndi terpenes ndi ma phytochemicals omwe amapezeka mu chamba

Cannabis sativa ili ndi kuchuluka kwa THC, koma palinso zinthu zina zomwe zimatchedwa cannabinoids (kapena cannabinoids), kuphatikizapo CBD - cannabidiol (cannabidiol) ndi terpenes, i.e. zinthu zopezeka mu zomera zambiri ndi khalidwe, fungo lokoma. CBD ilibe zida zoledzeretsa kwa anthu ndipo sizowonjezera. Ma cannabinoids ndi terpenes a cannabis amakhazikika kwambiri mu tsitsi la glandular lomwe limamera pa inflorescence yachikazi. Katulutsidwe kake, ndi utomoni wa hemp womwe uli ndi zinthuzi, ndizomata kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuteteza mbewuyo kuti isawume komanso kukula kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ngati tawonongeka.

Terpenes monga pinenes, terpineol, limonene, linalool, myrcene (ndi ena ambiri) ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka osati mu chamba, komanso zomera zina zambiri, makamaka zomwe zimakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu. Ndizinthu zopangira mafuta ambiri achilengedwe ndi zonunkhira, komanso zonunkhira zomwe zimawonjezeredwa ku zodzoladzola. Zina mwa izo zimakhala ndi antibacterial properties zomwe zimayang'anira chimbudzi ndi kutuluka kwa bile (mwachitsanzo, alpha ndi beta pinene). Komabe, zimatha kuyambitsa ziwengo, choncho odwala ziwengo ayenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito mosamala.

Zochizira za cannabinoids - mankhwala okhala ndi THC ndi CBD

Cannabinoids amachita pa thupi la munthu kudzera mwa otchedwa cannabinoid zolandilira, opezeka makamaka mu mitsempha ndi m'maselo a chitetezo cha m'thupi. Ma receptor awa ndi gawo limodzi la "njira zolankhulirana ndi zowongolera" mthupi, monga ma opioid receptors ndi ena. Dongosolo la endocannabinoid m'thupi limayang'anira magwiridwe antchito angapo, monga momwe amasangalalira komanso chilakolako, komanso kuyankha kwa chitetezo chamthupi, komanso zimakhudza dongosolo la endocrine. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) imakhudza kwambiri zolandilira mu ubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa, mwa zina, kumva kuledzera. Cannabidiol (CBD) ikuwoneka kuti ilibe mphamvu pang'ono pama cannabinoid receptors, komanso pa ena, monga histamine. Mwina imasinthanso zotsatira za THC.

 Anabinoids apeza ntchito yawo muzamankhwala. Mankhwala okhala ndi THC, dronabinol, avomerezedwa ndi US FDA kuti achepetse kusanza komanso kukhala ndi chidwi ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Edzi ndi khansa. Sativex yomwe ili ndi THC ndi CBD imapezeka ku Poland ndipo imasonyezedwa pofuna mpumulo wa spasticity (kuchepa kwambiri kwa minofu) mwa odwala multiple sclerosis. Epidiolex ndi mawonekedwe atsopano ovomerezeka omwe ali ndi CBD yoyera mu mafuta a sesame, omwe amasonyezedwa pochiza mitundu ina ya khunyu mwa ana - Dravet syndrome ndi Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Sizikupezekabe ku Poland.

Mafuta a hemp ndi mafuta a CBD - ali ndi chiyani ndipo amapezedwa bwanji?

Mafuta a hemp kwenikweni ndi mafuta ochokera ku mbewu za hemp. Ndi chakudya chamtengo wapatali, chimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma ndipo chimakhala ndi mafuta osakwanira omega-3 ndi omega-6 mu chiŵerengero chabwino. Kumbali inayi, mafuta a CBD nthawi zambiri amakhala mafuta obzala (hemp kapena ena) ndikuwonjezerapo (kuchotsa) kumadera obiriwira a hemp - masamba kapena maluwa. Ndipo - chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwawo - kukoma kwawo sikukhalanso kosangalatsa.

Chimodzi mwazosakaniza zazikulu za mankhwalawa ndi cannabidiol (CBD), motero dzina la mankhwalawa. Komabe, chotsitsa cha hemp chilinso ndi zinthu zina zamasamba (kapena phytochemicals, kuchokera ku Greek "phyton" - chomera), mwachitsanzo, cannabinoids ena, terpenes ndi zinthu zina zambiri, kutengera mtundu wa hemp womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso njira yochotsera, i.e. kuchotsa. Opanga nthawi zina amalemba "full spectrum" pacholembapo kuti asonyeze kuti chotulutsa chathunthu cha cannabis chagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zosungunulira za organic zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochotsa, mwachitsanzo, "kutsuka" ndi kusakaniza kwa mankhwala okhudzidwa kuchokera ku zomera, popeza cannabinoids ndi phytochemicals zina sizimasungunuka m'madzi. Njirayi ili ndi zovuta zake - zotsalira zosungunulira zimatha kuipitsa zomwe zamalizidwa, ndipo zotsalira zake ziyenera kutayidwa bwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake otchedwa supercritical CO2 m'zigawo. Izi zikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a carbon dioxide monga zosungunulira pansi pa kuthamanga kwambiri, i.e. mu zomwe zimatchedwa kuti ndizovuta kwambiri.

 Uwu ndi tanthauzo lovuta m'munda wa physics of physical states, koma chomwe chili chofunikira kwa ife ndikuti carbon dioxide yamadzimadzi imasungunula zinthu zomwe sizisungunuka m'madzi, sizikhala ndi poizoni ndipo, m'malo abwinobwino, zimatuluka mosavuta popanda kusiya zonyansa. . Chifukwa chake, m'zigawo zapamwamba kwambiri za CO2 ndi njira "yoyera" yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale opanga mankhwala ndi zakudya.

Nthawi zina mutha kuwerenga zamafuta a CBD kuti ndi "decarboxylated." Zikutanthauza chiyani? Chabwino, ambiri cannabinoids amapangidwa ndi zomera mu mawonekedwe acidic. Tikukumbutseni kusukulu kuti gulu la ma organic acid ndi gulu la carboxyl, kapena -COOH. Kutenthetsa zipatso zouma kapena zowuma kumachotsa gululi kuchokera ku molekyulu ya cannabinoid ndikuyitulutsa ngati mpweya woipa - CO2. Iyi ndi njira ya decarboxylation yomwe cannabidiol (CBD), mwachitsanzo, imatha kupezeka kuchokera ku cannabidiolic acid (CBDA).

Kodi mafuta a CBD amachiritsa?

Kodi zowonjezera za hemp, mankhwala azitsamba kapena mafuta a CBD ndizofanana ndi zomwe zalembedwa, monga Epidiolex yomwe ili ndi CBD? Ayi, iwo sali ofanana. Choyamba, alibe THC. Kachiwiri, Epidiolex ili ndi cannabidiol yosungunuka m'mafuta, omwe adayesedwa kuti adziwe mlingo wake. Mafuta a CBD ali ndi malo ogulitsira osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana a cannabis. Sidziwika momwe kukhalapo kwa phytochemicals ena kumasinthira zotsatira za cannabidiol pa thupi. Mafuta a CBD a kampani imodzi amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana kwambiri ndi ena, chifukwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemp, njira zopangira, komanso kuwongolera bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro ena okhudzana ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi okhala ndi mafuta a CBD akuwonetsa kuti zomwe zili mu cannabidiol ndi zosakaniza zina zitha kusiyana ndi zomwe zalengezedwa ndi wopanga, popeza kuwongolera kachulukidwe kowonjezera sikuli kofanana ndi kuwongolera kupanga mankhwala. . Palinso mayesero osakwanira azachipatala kuti atsimikizire kuchiritsa kwamafuta a CBD pa matenda ena, kotero palibenso milingo yokhazikika yomwe ingayambitse zotsatira zina.

Pazifukwa zonsezi, mafuta a CBD sangatengedwe ngati mankhwala ndipo sizowona kuti, mwachitsanzo, Epidiolex ndi yofanana ndi mafuta a CBD. Mofananamo, khungwa la msondodzi silifanana ndi aspirin. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mafuta a CBD samakhudza thupi komanso sasintha zizindikiro za matendawa - pali zambiri zodalirika, zotsimikizika pamutuwu.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mafuta a CBD mosamala?

Ngakhale kusowa kwa umboni wazachipatala wokhudzana ndi chithandizo chamafuta a CBD, amapezeka pamsika ndipo akuchulukirachulukira. Sagulitsidwa ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma anthu ambiri amafuna kuwayesa. Ngati mungasankhe kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a CBD, pali malamulo angapo ofunikira kukumbukira.

• Choyamba, yang'anani mafuta apamwamba kwambiri a CBD kuchokera kwa opanga odalirika. Funsani za kulembetsa kwazinthu, ziphaso zowunikira, makamaka zochitidwa ndi ma laboratories ena.
• Chachiwiri, funsani dokotala, makamaka ngati mukumwa mankhwala. Cannabidiol ndi phytochemicals amatha kuyanjana ndi mankhwala kuti achepetse kapena kupititsa patsogolo zotsatira zawo kapena kuyambitsa poizoni. Pali zomera zambiri ndi zitsamba zomwe zimatsutsana ndi mankhwala ambiri (monga St. John's wort kapena manyumwa), kotero "zachilengedwe" sizikutanthauza kuti "zotetezeka nthawi zonse."
• Funsani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti muwone ngati kumwa mafuta a CBD kungathandize. M'mabuku owerengera mupeza magwero okuthandizani kupanga chisankho.
• Dziwani kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe mukuwatenga ndi dokotala, makamaka ngati mukufuna kuthandizira matenda osatha kapena mukumwa mankhwala ena. Mukazindikira kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe mumatenga, kumbukirani kuti pali mafuta omwe ali ndi milingo yosiyanasiyana komanso kuchuluka kwa CBD, sankhani kukonzekera kwina.
• Pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakuuzani zina, musapitirire mlingo woperekedwa ndi wopanga.
• Dziwani kuti cannabidiol ndi mankhwala ena a phytochemicals amathanso kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa pa thupi, makamaka pa mlingo waukulu kapena akagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali. Akhoza kukhala, mwa zina, kugona, kutopa, nseru, mavuto a chiwindi kapena impso. Pakhoza kukhala zochitika zina zomwe sitikuzidziwa chifukwa cha kafukufuku wochepa mderali. Yang'anani zomwe mukuchita!
• Osagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a CBD ngati muli ndi vuto la chiwindi kapena impso, kapena muli ndi pakati kapena mukuyamwitsa. Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala ngati mukukayikira!
• Osakana zomwe adokotala amakulemberani kuti mukhale ndi "mafuta odzichiritsa" a CBD! Makamaka ngati mukudwala kwambiri, monga khansa, minyewa kapena matenda amisala, simuyenera kuchita izi. Mutha kudzivulaza nokha kwambiri.

Nkhani zamalemba

1. CANNABIDIOL (CBD), Lipoti Lakuwunika Kwambiri, Komiti Yakatswiri pa Kudalira Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo, Msonkhano wa Fortieth, Geneva, 4-7 June 2018 https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/CannabidiolCriticalReview.pdf (dostęp 04.01.2021)
2. Journal of Laws 2005 No. 179, Art. 1485, AWA Act ya Julayi 29, 2005 pothana ndi chizolowezi choledzeretsa. Ulalo wamalamulo ndi machitidwe ena azamalamulo: https://www.kbpn.gov.pl/portal?id=108828 (deti lofikira: 04.01.2021/XNUMX/XNUMX)
3. Zambiri zokhudza Sativex: https://www.mp.pl/pacjent/leki/lek/88409,Sativex-aerozol-do-stosowania-w-jamie-ustnej (Yofikira: 04.01.2021/XNUMX/XNUMX)
4. Zambiri za Epidiolex (mu Chingerezi): https://www.epidiolex.com (Yofikira: 001.2021)
5. Zolemba paphunziro: VanDolah HJ, Bauer BA, Mauck KF. "Malangizo a Dokotala ku Cannabidiol ndi Mafuta a Hemp". Mayo Clean Proc. 2019 Sep; 94 (9): 1840-1851 doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.01.003. Epub 2019, Ogasiti 22. PMID: 31447137 https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/action/showPdf?pii=S0025-6196%2819%2930007-2 (dostęp 04.01.2021)
6. Arkadiusz Kazula "Kugwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe cannabinoids ndi endocannabinoids mu chithandizo", Postępy Farmakoterapii 65 (2) 2009, 147-160

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