Chizindikiro cha pistoni

Chizindikiro cha pistoni limakupatsani kuweruza osati miyeso awo geometric, komanso zinthu kupanga, luso kupanga, chovomerezeka kukwera chilolezo, chizindikiro wopanga, malangizo unsembe, ndi zina zambiri. Chifukwa chakuti pisitoni zapakhomo ndi zochokera kunja zikugulitsidwa, eni magalimoto nthawi zina amakumana ndi vuto lomasulira mayina ena. Nkhaniyi ili ndi chidziwitso chochuluka chomwe chimakulolani kuti mudziwe zambiri za zolembera pa pistoni ndikuwona zomwe manambala, zilembo ndi mivi zimatanthauza.

1 - Chizindikiro cha chizindikiro chomwe pisitoni imatulutsidwa. 2 - Nambala ya seri yazinthu. 3 - M'mimba mwake ukuwonjezeka ndi 0,5 mm, ndiye kuti, mu nkhani iyi ndi kukonza pisitoni. 4 - Mtengo wa m'mimba mwake wakunja wa pistoni, mu mm. 5 - Mtengo wa kusiyana kwa kutentha. Pankhaniyi, ndi wofanana 0,05 mm. 6 - Muvi wosonyeza komwe akuyika pisitoni polowera galimoto. 7 - Zambiri zaukadaulo za wopanga (zofunikira pokonza injini zoyatsira mkati).

Zambiri pa pisitoni pamwamba

Zokambirana za zomwe zizindikiro za pistoni zikutanthawuza ziyenera kuyamba ndi zomwe wopanga amaika pa chinthu chonsecho.

1. Pistoni kukula. Nthawi zina, mu zolembera pansi pa pisitoni, mungapeze manambala osonyeza kukula kwake, ofotokozedwa mu hundredths wa millimeter. Chitsanzo ndi 83.93. Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'mimba mwake sichidutsa mtengo wotchulidwa, poganizira kulekerera (magulu olekerera adzakambidwa pansipa, amasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto). Kuyeza kumapangidwa pa kutentha kwa +20 ° С.
2. Kukhazikitsa chilolezo. Dzina lake lina ndi kutentha (popeza likhoza kusintha pamodzi ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa injini yoyaka mkati). Ili ndi dzina - Sp. Imaperekedwa m’ziwerengero zoŵerengeka, kutanthauza mamilimita. Mwachitsanzo, chizindikiro cha chizindikiro pa pisitoni SP0.03 zikusonyeza kuti chilolezo mu nkhani iyi ayenera kukhala 0,03 mm, kuganizira munda kulolerana.
3. Chizindikiro. Kapena chizindikiro. Opanga samangodzizindikiritsa okha mwanjira imeneyi, komanso amapereka chidziwitso kwa ambuye omwe zolemba zawo (mabuku azinthu) ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito posankha pisitoni yatsopano.
4. Njira yoyika. Izi zimayankha funso - kodi muvi wa pistoni umaloza chiyani? Iye "amalankhula" momwe pisitoni iyenera kukwera, ndiko kuti, muvi umakokedwa ndi galimoto yopita patsogolo. Pamakina omwe injini yoyaka mkati imakhala kumbuyo, m'malo mwa muvi, nthawi zambiri imawonetsedwa crankshaft yophiphiritsa yokhala ndi flywheel.
5. Nambala yoponya. Izi ndi manambala ndi zilembo zomwe zimawonetsa miyeso ya geometric ya pistoni. Nthawi zambiri, mayina oterewa amapezeka pamakina aku Europe omwe pisitoni yamagulu amapangidwa ndi makampani monga MAHLE, Kolbenschmidt, AE, Nural ndi ena. Mwachilungamo, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti kuponyerako tsopano kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mochepa. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kudziwa pisitoni kuchokera pazidziwitso izi, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pepala kapena kabukhu kamagetsi ka wopanga.

Kuphatikiza pa mayinawa, palinso ena, ndipo amatha kusiyana ndi opanga ndi opanga.

Kodi chizindikiro cha pisitoni chili kuti?

Madalaivala ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi yankho la funso la komwe zizindikiro za pisitoni zili. Zimatengera mikhalidwe iwiri - miyezo ya wopanga wina ndi izi kapena zambiri za pistoni. Chifukwa chake, chidziwitso chachikulu chimasindikizidwa m'munsi mwake ("mbali" ya "kutsogolo"), pamtunda wa dzenje la piston, pa bwana wolemera.

Chizindikiro cha piston cha VAZ

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, chizindikiro cha pisitoni kukonza nthawi zambiri chidwi eni kapena ambuye kukonza injini kuyaka mkati galimoto VAZ. kupitilira apo tipereka zambiri za pistoni zosiyanasiyana.

VAZ 2110

Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni titenge injini kuyaka mkati galimoto Vaz-2110. Nthawi zambiri, pisitoni zolembedwa 1004015 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapangidwa ndendende ku AvtoVAZ OJSC. Zambiri mwaukadaulo:

• mwadzina pisitoni awiri - 82,0 mm;
• pisitoni awiri pambuyo kukonza woyamba - 82,4 mm;
• pisitoni awiri pambuyo kukonza yachiwiri - 82,8 mm;
• kutalika kwa pistoni - 65,9;
• psinjika kutalika - 37,9 mm;
• chilolezo chovomerezeka mu silinda ndi 0,025 ... 0,045 mm.

ndi pa thupi la pisitoni kuti zambiri zowonjezera zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mwachitsanzo:

• "21" ndi "10" m'dera la dzenje chala - dzina la chitsanzo mankhwala (njira zina - "213" limasonyeza mkati kuyaka injini VAZ 21213, mwachitsanzo, "23" - VAZ 2123);
• "VAZ" pa siketi mkati - dzina la wopanga;
• zilembo ndi manambala pa siketi mkati - chizindikiro chapadera cha zida zoyambira (zingathe kufotokozedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zolemba za wopanga, koma nthawi zambiri chidziwitsochi chimakhala chopanda pake);
• "AL34" pa siketi mkati - chizindikiro cha aloyi kuponya.

Zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa korona wa pisitoni:

• Muvi ndi chizindikiro cholozera chomwe chimawonetsa komwe kumalowera pagalimoto ya camshaft. Pa zomwe zimatchedwa "classic" VAZ zitsanzo, nthawi zina m'malo mwa muvi mungapeze chilembo "P", chomwe chimatanthauza "kale". Mofananamo, m'mphepete mwa kalata yomwe kalatayo ikuwonetseratu iyenera kutsogoleredwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka galimoto.
• Chimodzi mwa zilembo zotsatirazi ndi A, B, C, D, E. Izi ndi zolembera zamagulu a diameter zomwe zimasonyeza kupatuka kwa mtengo wa OD. Pansipa pali tebulo lomwe lili ndi mfundo zenizeni.
• Piston mass group markers. "G" - kulemera kwabwino, "+" - kulemera kwawonjezeka ndi 5 magalamu, "-" - kulemera kwachepetsedwa ndi 5 magalamu.
• Imodzi mwa manambala ndi 1, 2, 3. Ichi ndi chikhomo cha pisitoni bore class ndipo chimatanthawuza kupatuka kwa piston pin bore diameter. Kuphatikiza pa izi, pali code yamtundu wa parameter iyi. Choncho, utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa pansi. Mtundu wa buluu - kalasi yoyamba, mtundu wobiriwira - kalasi ya 1, yofiira - kalasi yachitatu. zambiri zaperekedwa.

Palinso mayina awiri osiyana a Vaz kukonza pistoni:

• makona atatu - kukonza koyamba (m'mimba mwake ukuwonjezeka ndi 0,4 mm kuchokera kukula mwadzina);
• square - yachiwiri kukonza (m'mimba mwake chinawonjezeka ndi 0,8 mm kuchokera kukula mwadzina).

Kwa makina amtundu wina, pisitoni yokonza nthawi zambiri imachulukitsidwa ndi 0,2 mm, 0,4 mm ndi 0,6 mm, koma popanda kusweka ndi kalasi.

Chonde dziwani kuti pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto (kuphatikiza ma ICE osiyanasiyana), mtengo wa kusiyana kwa ma pistoni okonzanso uyenera kuwonedwa muzambiri.

VAZ 21083

Wina wotchuka "VAZ" piston ndi 21083-1004015. Amapangidwanso ndi "AvtoVAZ". Miyeso yake yaukadaulo ndi magawo ake:

• m'mimba mwake mwadzina - 82 mm;
• awiri pambuyo kukonza woyamba - 82,4 mm;
• awiri pambuyo kukonza yachiwiri - 82,8 mm;
• pisitoni pini awiri - 22 mm.

Iwo ali ndi mayina ofanana ndi Vaz 2110-1004015. Tiyeni tikhazikike pang'ono pagulu la pisitoni molingana ndi mainchesi akunja ndi gulu la dzenje la piston. Zomwe zili zoyenera zikufotokozedwa mwachidule m'matebulo.

M'mimba mwake:

Gulu la pisitoni ndi mainchesi akunja	A	B	C	D	E
Pistoni m'mimba mwake 82,0 (mm)	81,965-81,975	81,975-81,985	81,985-81,995	81,995-82,005	82,005-82,015
Pistoni m'mimba mwake 82,4 (mm)	82,365-82,375	82,375-82,385	82,385-82,395	82,395-82,405	82,405-82,415
Pistoni m'mimba mwake 82,8 (mm)	82,765-82,775	82,775-82,785	82,785-82,795	82,795-82,805	82,805-82,815

Chochititsa chidwi, zitsanzo za pisitoni VAZ 11194 ndi VAZ 21126 zimapangidwa m'makalasi atatu okha - A, B ndi C. Pankhaniyi, kukula kwa sitepe kumafanana ndi 0,01 mm.

Kulemberana makalata amitundu ya pisitoni ndi mitundu ya ICE (mitundu) yamagalimoto a VAZ.

Model ICE VAZ	pisitoni chitsanzo
2101	21011	2105	21213	2123	2108	21083	2110	2112	21124	21126	21128	11194
2101
21011
2103
2104
2105
2106
21073
2121
21213
21214
2123
2130
2108
21081
21083
2110
2111
21114
11183
2112
21124
21126
21128
11194

Mabowo a piston:

Piston pin bore class	1	2	3
Piston pin hole diameter(mm)	21,982-21,986	21,986-21,990	21,990-21,994

Chizindikiro cha piston cha ZMZ

Gulu lina la eni magalimoto omwe ali ndi chidwi cholemba pistoni ali ndi ma motors amtundu wa ZMZ. Iwo anaika pa galimoto GAZ - Volga, Mbawala, Sobol ndi ena. Ganizirani zizindikiro zomwe zilipo pazochitika zawo.

Mawu akuti "406" amatanthauza kuti pisitoni anafuna unsembe mu ZMZ-406 injini kuyaka mkati. Pali zilembo ziwiri zosindikizidwa pansi pa pistoni. Malinga ndi kalata yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi utoto, pa chipika chatsopano, pisitoni imayandikira silinda. Mukakonza ndi cylinder boring, zololeza zofunikira zimachitidwa panthawi yotopetsa ndi kulemekeza pistoni zomwe zidagulidwa kale ndi kukula komwe mukufuna.

Nambala yachiroma pa pistoni imasonyeza gulu la piston lomwe mukufuna. Ma diameter a mabowo a mabwana a pisitoni, mutu wa ndodo yolumikizira, komanso ma diameter akunja a piston amagawidwa m'magulu anayi olembedwa ndi utoto: I - woyera, II - wobiriwira, III - wachikasu, IV - wofiira. Pa zala, nambala ya gulu imasonyezedwanso ndi utoto pamtunda wamkati kapena kumapeto. Iyenera kufanana ndi gulu lomwe lasonyezedwa pa pistoni.

ili pa ndodo yolumikizira kuti nambala ya gulu iyeneranso kulembedwa ndi utoto. Pachifukwa ichi, nambala yomwe yatchulidwa iyenera kufanana kapena kukhala pafupi ndi chiwerengero cha gulu la chala. Kusankhidwa uku kumatsimikizira kuti pini yopaka mafuta imayenda molimbika pang'ono pamutu wa ndodo yolumikizira, koma sichikugweramo. Mosiyana ndi pisitoni VAZ, kumene malangizo akusonyeza ndi muvi, pa ZMZ pistoni wopanga mwachindunji amalemba mawu akuti "KUTSOGOLO" kapena amangoika chilembo "P". Posonkhanitsa, kuwonekera pamutu wapansi wa ndodo yolumikizira kuyenera kufanana ndi izi (kukhala mbali imodzi).

Pali magulu asanu, omwe ali ndi sitepe ya 0,012 mm, yomwe imasonyezedwa ndi zilembo A, B, C, D, D. Magulu akuluakuluwa amasankhidwa molingana ndi m'mimba mwake yakunja kwa siketi. Iwo amagwirizana:

• A - 91,988 ... 92,000 mm;
• B - 92,000 ... 92,012 mm;
• B - 92,012...92,024 mm;
• G - 92,024...92,036 mm;
• D - 92,036 ... 92,048 mm.

Mtengo wa gulu la pistoni umasindikizidwa pansi pake. Chifukwa chake, pali magulu anayi akulu omwe amalembedwa utoto pa mabwana a pistoni:

• 1 - woyera (22,0000 ... 21,9975 mm);
• 2 - wobiriwira (21,9975 ... 21,9950 mm);
• 3 - chikasu (21,9950 ... 21,9925 mm);
• 4 - wofiira (21,9925 ... 21,9900 mm).

Zizindikiro za gulu la zala zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ku korona wa pisitoni mu manambala achi Roma, ndi manambala aliwonse okhala ndi mtundu wosiyana (I - woyera, II - wobiriwira, III - wachikasu, IV - wofiira). Magulu akulu a pistoni osankhidwa ndi ma pistoni amayenera kufanana.

ZMZ-405 ICE imayikidwa pa GAZ-3302 Gazelle Business ndi GAZ-2752 Sobol. Chilolezo chowerengedwa pakati pa siketi ya pisitoni ndi silinda (pazigawo zatsopano) chiyenera kukhala 0,024 ... 0,048 mm. Imatanthauzidwa ngati kusiyana pakati pa mainchesi ochepa a silinda ndi kutalika kwa siketi ya pistoni. Pali magulu asanu, omwe ali ndi sitepe ya 0,012 mm, yomwe imasonyezedwa ndi zilembo A, B, C, D, D. Magulu akuluakuluwa amasankhidwa molingana ndi m'mimba mwake yakunja kwa siketi. Iwo amagwirizana:

• A - 95,488 ... 95,500 mm;
• B - 95,500 ... 95,512 mm;
• B - 95,512...95,524 mm;
• G - 95,524...95,536 mm;
• D - 95,536 ... 95,548 mm.

Mtengo wa gulu la pistoni umasindikizidwa pansi pake. Chifukwa chake, pali magulu anayi akulu omwe amalembedwa utoto pa mabwana a pistoni:

• 1 - woyera (22,0000 ... 21,9975 mm);
• 2 - wobiriwira (21,9975 ... 21,9950 mm);
• 3 - chikasu (21,9950 ... 21,9925 mm);
• 4 - wofiira (21,9925 ... 21,9900 mm).

Choncho, ngati mkati GAZ injini kuyaka pisitoni mwachitsanzo, kalata B, ndiye kuti injini kuyaka mkati wakhala overhauled kawiri.

Mu ZMZ 409, pafupifupi miyeso yonse ndi yofanana ndi ZMZ 405, kupatulapo kupuma (chithaphwi), ndi chozama kuposa 405. Izi zimachitidwa kuti athe kubwezera chiŵerengero cha psinjika, kukula kwa h kumawonjezeka pa pistoni 409. Komanso , psinjika kutalika kwa 409 ndi 34 mm, ndi 405 - 38 mm.

Timapereka chidziwitso chofananira cha mtundu wa ZMZ 402 wa injini yoyaka.

• A - 91,988 ... 92,000 mm;
• B - 92,000 ... 92,012 mm;
• B - 92,012...92,024 mm;
• G - 92,024...92,036 mm;
• D - 92,036 ... 92,048 mm.

Magulu akulu:

"Kusankha kusankha" zilembo pa pistoni

• 1 - woyera; 25,0000…24,9975 mm;
• 2 - wobiriwira; 24,9975…24,9950 mm;
• 3 - chikasu; 24,9950…24,9925 mm;
• 4 - wofiira; 24,9925…24,9900 mm.

Chonde dziwani kuti kuyambira October 2005 pa pistons 53, 523, 524 (anaika, mwa zina, pa zitsanzo zambiri za ICE ZMZ), pansi pa iwo anaika sitampu "Sankhani kusankha". Ma pistoni oterowo amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri, womwe umafotokozedwa mosiyana muzolemba zaukadaulo kwa iwo.

Chizindikiro cha ZMZ	Kutchulidwa kogwiritsidwa ntchito	Chilemba chili kuti	Njira yolembera
53-1004015-22; "523.1004015"; "524.1004015"; "410.1004014".	Mtengo ZMZ	Pamalo oyandikira pafupi ndi dzenje la piston	Kuponya
	Chizindikiro cha piston	Pamalo oyandikira pafupi ndi dzenje la piston	Kuponya
	"Kale"	Pamalo oyandikira pafupi ndi dzenje la piston	Kuponya
	Pistoni m'mimba mwake yolemba A, B, C, D, D.	Pansi pa pistoni	Etching
	Chizindikiro cha BTC	Pansi pa pistoni	utoto
	Chizindikiro cha m'mimba mwake (choyera, chobiriwira, chachikasu)	Pa zolemetsa	utoto

Zofananira za piston 406.1004015:

Chizindikiro cha ZMZ	Kutchulidwa kogwiritsidwa ntchito	Chilemba chili kuti	Njira yolembera
4061004015; "405.1004015"; "4061.1004015"; "409.1004015".	Mtengo ZMZ	Pamalo oyandikira pafupi ndi dzenje la piston	Kuponya
	"Kale"
	Chitsanzo "406, 405, 4061,409" (406-AP; 406-BR)
	Pistoni m'mimba mwake yolemba A, B, C, D, D	Pansi pa pistoni	Chodabwitsa
	Chizindikiro cha m'mimba mwake chala (choyera, chobiriwira, chachikasu, chofiira)	Pa zolemetsa	utoto
	Zopanga "AK12MMgN"	Pansi pa dzenje la piston	Kuponya
	Chizindikiro cha BTC	Pansi pa pistoni	pickling

Zizindikiro pistoni "Toyota"

Ma pistoni pa Toyota ICE alinso ndi mayina awo komanso kukula kwake. Mwachitsanzo, pa galimoto yotchuka ya Land Cruiser, ma pistoni amasankhidwa ndi zilembo za Chingerezi A, B ndi C, komanso manambala kuyambira 1 mpaka 3. Choncho, zilembozo zimasonyeza kukula kwa dzenje la piston, ndi manambala. onetsani kukula kwa pisitoni m'dera la "skirt". Pistoni yokonza ili ndi + 0,5 mm poyerekeza ndi mainchesi wamba. Ndiko kuti, kukonzanso, zilembo zokha za zilembo zimasintha.

Chonde dziwani kuti pogula pisitoni yogwiritsidwa ntchito, muyenera kuyeza kusiyana kwamafuta pakati pa siketi ya pistoni ndi khoma la silinda. Iyenera kukhala mumtundu wa 0,04 ... 0,06 mm. Apo ayi, m'pofunika kuchita diagnostics zina za injini kuyaka mkati ndi, ngati n'koyenera, kuchita kukonza.

Pistons kuchokera ku Motordetal plant

Makina ambiri apakhomo ndi ochokera kunja amagwiritsa ntchito pisitoni zokonzetsera zomwe zimapangidwa pamalo opangira pisitoni a gulu la Kostroma Motordetal-Kostroma. Kampaniyo imapanga ma pistoni okhala ndi mainchesi 76 mpaka 150 mm. Mpaka pano, mitundu yotsatirayi ya pistoni imapangidwa:

• chojambula cholimba;
• ndi kuyika thermostatic;
• ndi kuyika kwa mphete yopondereza pamwamba;
• ndi njira yozizirira mafuta.

Ma pistoni opangidwa pansi pa dzina lodziwika bwino ali ndi mayina awo. Pankhaniyi, chidziwitso (chizindikiro) chingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira ziwiri - laser ndi microimpact. Poyamba, tiyeni tiwone zitsanzo zenizeni za kuyika chizindikiro pogwiritsa ntchito laser engraving:

• EAL - kutsata malamulo aukadaulo a bungwe la kasitomu;
• Kupangidwa ku Russia - chisonyezero chachindunji cha dziko lochokera;
• 1 - gulu ndi kulemera;
• H1 - gulu ndi awiri;
• 20-0305A-1 - chiwerengero cha mankhwala;
• K1 (mu bwalo) - chizindikiro cha dipatimenti luso ulamuliro (QCD);
• 15.05.2016/XNUMX/XNUMX - chisonyezero chachindunji cha tsiku la kupanga pisitoni;
• Sp 0,2 - chilolezo pakati pa pisitoni ndi silinda (kutentha).

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone mayina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zimatchedwa micro-impact, pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zenizeni:

• 95,5 - kukula kwakukulu m'mimba mwake;
• B - gulu ndi awiri;
• III - gulu molingana ndi kukula kwa chala;
• K (mu bwalo) - chizindikiro cha OTK (kuwongolera khalidwe);
• 26.04.2017/XNUMX/XNUMX - chisonyezero chachindunji cha tsiku la kupanga pisitoni.

Ndizoyeneranso kudziwa kuti popanga ma pistoni osiyanasiyana, ma aloyi osiyanasiyana a aluminiyamu okhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, chidziwitsochi sichinasonyezedwe mwachindunji pa thupi la pistoni, koma zalembedwa muzolemba zake zamakono.