Wang'ono komanso wocheperako

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri komanso zosawerengeka kwambiri za injini za dizilo zokhala ndi njanji wamba ndi sensor yothamanga, komanso kuthamanga kwa ntchito ndi ma valve owongolera kuchuluka kwamafuta omwe ali panjanji yamagetsi. Kulephera kwawo kumabweretsa zolakwika mu unit control unit, zomwe zimabweretsa ntchito yake yosagwirizana.

0 mpaka 1800 bar

Sensa yothamanga ili kumapeto kwa njanji yamafuta. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikudziwitsa dalaivala wamagetsi amagetsi okhudzana ndi kuthamanga kwamafuta kumbuyo kwa pampu yothamanga kwambiri. Zimagwira ntchito bwanji? Zitsulo zachitsulo zimayikidwa mkati mwa sensa, zomwe zimakonda kupunduka chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwamafuta. Kuchuluka kwa mapindikidwe a nembanemba amayezedwa ndi otchedwa kuyeza mlatho. Chotsatiracho chimasintha mtengo wa analogi kukhala chizindikiro cha digito. Mphamvu yamagetsi imayendetsedwa ndi wolamulira (5V, kudzera pa cholumikizira cha pini zitatu). Kuyeza kumayambira 0 mpaka 1800 bar. Kusintha kwamphamvu kwa bar 100 kumapangitsa kusintha kwamagetsi kwa 0,2 V. Chikhalidwe cha sensor pressure ndi mzere. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gawo lililonse la kusintha kwa kuthamanga limatsagana ndi gawo lokhazikika la kusintha kwamagetsi. Chimodzi mwazolephera zodziwika bwino za sensor yokakamiza ndikuwonongeka kwa chingwe chazizindikiro kapena zolakwika pazolumikizana.

Kupanikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta

Kumbali ina, valavu imayikidwa kumbali ina ya njanji yoperekera kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa ntchito. Pochita, pali ma valve awiri: imodzi imayang'anira kuthamanga kwa mafuta, winayo kuchuluka kwake kumaperekedwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku mpope. Yoyamba ya ma valve, yomwe imayang'anira kupanikizika kwa njanji yoperekera, imaperekedwa ndi magetsi a 12 V. Pamene mphamvu ikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyamba, mafuta operekera ku mzere wobwerera amatsegula. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu yamafuta mu njanji yamafuta. Vavu yolakwika yamafuta imangoyambitsa injini. Chifukwa chiyani? Yankho ndi losavuta: kulephera kwake kungayambitse kuwonjezeka kwakukulu komanso koopsa kwa kuthamanga kwa mafuta mu dongosolo lonse. Kumbali ina, valavu yowongolera mafuta, imayikidwa mwachindunji pampopi ya jekeseni. Valavu yoyendetsedwa ndi mphamvuyi imayendetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu dongosolo (makamaka mu njanji ya chakudya). Kuti agwire bwino ntchito, amayikidwa pambali yochepetsetsa.  

Ndi zoikamo zitatu

Panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, pali njira zazikulu zitatu zoyendetsera mphamvu zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta pambuyo pa mpope wa jekeseni. Akatswiri pano amasiyanitsa pakati pa kulamulira kwa valve yochuluka pa pampu ya jekeseni, valve yothamanga pa wolandira, mwachitsanzo, kulamulira kophatikizana, komwe, monga momwe mungaganizire, ndi kuphatikiza kwa njira zomwe tazitchula kale. Ntchito ya ma valve a kuchuluka ndi kupanikizika kwakambidwa kale pamwambapa, ndiye kodi actuator imagwira ntchito bwanji pakuwongolera kophatikizana? Zimangogwira ntchito pamene mafuta ochepa kwambiri amalowetsedwa m'masilinda amodzi: ndizokwanira kunena kuti mtengowu nthawi zambiri sudutsa 4 mg. Zimagwira ntchito bwanji? Pogwiritsira ntchito mafuta ochepa otere, valavu yomwe imayendetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amaperekedwa ku pompu yothamanga kwambiri imatsekedwa kwathunthu. Pochita izi, izi zikutanthauza kuti majekeseniwo sangalowetse mafuta ochulukirapo monga amaponyedwa mu dongosolo lonse. Choncho, panthawiyi, kuthamanga kwa ntchito mu basi yamagetsi kudzawonjezeka mofulumira. Popewa izi, valavu yachiwiri imatsegulidwa - valavu yotulutsa kudzera munjira yomwe tatchula pamwambapa. Pamene kutentha kozizira kumakhala pansi pa 1 ° C, kuwongolera kupanikizika kumakhalapo nthawi zonse, ndipo pamene kutentha kumapitirira 15 ° C, kulamulira kophatikizana kumapita kumalo otsegula.