MAKS 2019, komabe, ku Zhukovsky

Chitsanzo cha ndege ya Su-50 T-4-57 paulendo wowonetsera. Chithunzi ndi Miroslav Vasilevsky.

Zaka ziwiri zapitazo, pafupifupi adalengezedwa mwalamulo kuti salon yaku Russia ya MAKS idzachitikira komaliza pa eyapoti yayikulu ku Zhukovsky. Zotsutsana za akuluakulu a boma zinali zophweka - popeza paki ya Patriot inamangidwa ku Kubinka ndipo popeza pali bwalo la ndege kumeneko, ndiye kuti malo owonetsera ndege ayenera kusunthira kumeneko, komanso zosonkhanitsa za Central Air Force Museum. Russian Federation ku Monino. Palibe amene ankaganiza kuti Patriot Park ndi ndege ku Kubinka anali 25 Km kuchokera wina ndi mzake ndipo bwino kugwirizana wina ndi mnzake. Malo owonetsera pabwalo la ndege ku Kubinka ndi ang'onoang'ono - ma hangars awiri, ngakhale apron ndi yaying'ono poyerekeza ndi Zhukovsky. Chifukwa chinapambananso (potsiriza?) Ndipo chaka chino Moscow Aviation and Space Salon inachitika kuyambira August 27 mpaka September 1 pamalo akale.

Akuluakulu, ndipo mwina akuluakulu, sanasiye ziwonetsero zawo ndipo adalamula kuti, popeza MAKS ndiwonetsero yazamlengalenga, zatsopano zankhani ina iliyonse sizikaperekedwa pamenepo. Palibe amene adawona kuti pazochitika zakunja zofanana (Le Bourget, Farnborough, ILA ...) zida za radar, zida zotsutsana ndi ndege kapena, m'lingaliro lalikulu, zida zankhondo zinaperekedwanso. Mpaka pano, izi zakhala zikuchitika ku Zhukovsky, ndipo pafupifupi kusowa kwathunthu kwa makampani odana ndi ndege oyendetsa ndege akuwonetsa chaka chino modabwitsa sanadabwitse alendo odziwa ntchito okha, komanso owonera wamba. Titha kuyembekezera kuti m'zaka ziwiri chisankho chopanda pakechi chidzasinthidwa ndipo zinthu zidzabwerera mwakale.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndege zaku Russia sizinathe kuwonetsa zinthu zambiri zatsopano (chifukwa - zambiri pa izi pansipa), kutenga nawo gawo kwa owonetsa akunja ku MAKS kwakhala kophiphiritsa, ndipo chaka chino ndizochepa kwambiri (zambiri pa izi pansipa).

Makampani oyendetsa ndege aku Russia tsopano akulipira mtengo wokulirapo kwa kotala zana ndikuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko. Mavuto ndi ndalama zokwanira zokwera mtengo kwambiri ndi mapulogalamu apamwamba anayamba kumapeto kwa USSR. Mikhail Gorbachev anayesa kupulumutsa chuma "chogwa", kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhondo. Pa nthawi ya Boris Yeltsin, akuluakulu a boma analibe chidwi ndi chilichonse, koma ntchito zambiri zinkachitika "mopupuluma" kwa zaka zambiri. Panalinso "rump" yaikulu, ndiko kuti, chuma cha malingaliro, kafukufuku, ndipo nthawi zambiri anamaliza prototypes, amene analengedwa mu USSR, koma sizinaululidwe ndiye pazifukwa zomveka. Choncho, ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, makampani oyendetsa ndege a ku Russia ankadzitamandira ndi "zatsopano" zochititsa chidwi popanda "zopanda ndalama". Komabe, popeza pambuyo pa 20 panalibe ndalama zapakati zamapulogalamu atsopano, makampani okhawo omwe adakhazikitsa mapangano akuluakulu otumiza kunja adakwanitsa kusunga chitukuko ndi kukhazikitsa kuthekera. M'malo mwake, awa anali kampani ya Sukhodzha ndi opanga ndege za Mila. Makampani a Ilyushin, Tupolev ndi Yakovlev pafupifupi anasiya ntchito zawo. Mainjiniya ndi akatswiri aluso kwambiri adachoka m'malo opangira mapulani ndi malo oyendetsa ndege, ndipo mgwirizano unathetsedwa. Patapita nthawi, tsoka linachitika - kupitiriza ntchito ya maofesi zomangamanga, amene mu Russia nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "sukulu yomanga," anasokonekera. Mainjiniya achichepere analibe aliyense woti aphunzirepo ndikuyesera, chifukwa mapulojekiti apadera sanakwaniritsidwe. Izi sizinawonekere poyamba, koma pamene boma la Vladimir Putin linayamba kuonjezera pang'onopang'ono ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito ntchito za sayansi, zinapezeka kuti makampaniwa anali atataya luso lopanga. Kuphatikiza apo, dziko lapansi silinayime ndipo sikunali kotheka kubwerera kumapulojekiti omwe "adazizira" zaka XNUMX zapitazo. Zotsatira za izi zikuwonekera kwambiri (zambiri pa izi pansipa).

Malo a Su-57 okhala ndi ma parachute mumlengalenga. Chithunzi ndi Marina Lystseva.

Ndege

PJSC Holding Aviation Company Sukhoi ali ndi khadi lolimba m'manja mwake - ndege yokhayo yankhondo yaku Russia ya 5th, ndiye PAK FA, kapena T-50, kapena Su-57. Kutenga nawo mbali paziwonetsero zandege "kumayikidwa" mosamala kwambiri. Lachiwiri 2011 magalimoto awiri anawulukira pa Zhukovsky, patatha zaka ziwiri iwo anachita mochenjera, etc. d. Chaka chino pamapeto pake adaganiza zowonetsera ndegeyo pansi. Pachifukwa ichi, KNS idasankhidwa - Integrated Natural Stand, ndiko kuti, chitsanzo chosawuluka chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza zigawo. Pachifukwa ichi, airframe inajambulidwa ndikupatsidwa nambala yonyenga 057 ... Pakutsegulira salon, nthumwi yaikulu yochokera ku Turkey inalipo, motsogoleredwa ndi Purezidenti Recep Tayyip Erdogan, yemwe adawonetsedwa "057". Atolankhani ambiri amayankha mafunso ake okhudza kuthekera kopeza Su-57. Palibe kukayikira kuti iyi ndi gawo la masewera ovuta a Turkey ndi US, Russia ndi oyandikana nawo achiarabu. Popeza aku America sakufuna kugulitsa Turkey F-35, yomwe Ankara adalipira kale pafupifupi $200 miliyoni (mtengo wa F-35 ...), Erdogan "akuwopseza" kugula ndege zaku Russia, ngakhale mpaka pano kokha. Su-30 ndi Su-35. Kumbali ina, wogwiritsa ntchito wina wa Su-57 - India - akuwonetsa malingaliro ena. Poyamba, ndege iyi imayenera kupangidwa pamodzi ndi Russia, ndiye kuti iwo ankaona kuti ndi wosuta woyamba wachilendo. Panthawiyi, zinthu zasintha kwambiri posachedwapa. India ili ndi mavuto pakubweza ngongole zomwe zidatengedwa kale ku Russia ndipo ikugwiritsa ntchito ngongole zatsopano zotsimikiziridwa ndi boma la US, kugula zida zaku America. Andale aku India alinso ndi zifukwa zomveka zotsutsa Su-57. Mwakutero, amatsutsa kuti injini za "siteji yoyamba" zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pano sizipereka magwiridwe antchito okwanira. Okonza Russian amadziwanso za izi, koma vuto ndiloti ku Russia kulibe injini zoyenera ndipo sipadzakhala nthawi yaitali! Ndichizoloŵezi padziko lonse lapansi kupanga injini za ndege za m'badwo watsopano. Ntchito pa iwo nthawi zambiri imayamba msanga kusiyana ndi mundege momwemo, motero nthawi zambiri "amachedwa" ndipo amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito kwakanthawi kachitidwe kakale kuti pulogalamu yonse isayende. Choncho, mwachitsanzo. Woyamba wa Soviet T-10 (Su-27) adawuluka ndi injini za AL-21, osati AL-31 yomwe idapangidwira iwo. Injini ya izdielije 57 ikupangidwira Su-30, koma vuto ndiloti ntchitoyo inayamba kale mapangidwe a ndegeyo asanayambe. Choncho, prototypes wa T-50 anali ndi injini banja AL-31, amene zolinga malonda amatchedwa AL-41F1 ( "katundu 117"). Komanso, airframe idapangidwa poganizira kukula ndi zida zamainjini akale. Mwalamulo akuti opanga Product 30 ayenera "kukwanira" mu miyeso ndi kulemera kwa injini ya m'badwo wakale, ndipo izi ndizochepa zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuvomereza. Ngati injini yatsopano iyenera kukhala yatsopano, singakhale yofanana (ngakhale kunja) monga injini yopangidwa zaka 50 zapitazo. Chifukwa chake, injini yatsopano ikakonzeka, zambiri ziyeneranso kusinthidwa pamapangidwe a airframe (poganizira kuti prototype ed. 30 ikuyesedwa pa T-50-2, kuchuluka kwa zosintha zofunika pamapangidwe a airframe ndi ochepa). Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti opanga mfundo zankhondo zaku Russia akudziwa za kufooka kwa T-50 yomwe idayesedwa pano, chifukwa chake mpaka posachedwa adachedwetsa chigamulo choyitanitsa gulu loyamba la ndege. Chaka chino, pa forum ya Army 2019 (osati ku MAKS!), Ndege zaku Russia zidayitanitsa ndege 76 mu mtundu wa "transitional", i.e. yokhala ndi injini za AL-41F1. Ichi ndi chisankho choyenera, chomwe chidzalola kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzere wopangira mafakitale ku Komsomolsk-on-Amur, kupatsa ogwira nawo ntchito mwayi wokonza zida zawo ndikuthandizira malonda akunja. Kupanda kutero, pulogalamu yonseyo iyenera kuyimitsidwa kwa zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, ndiyeno, monga momwe akatswiri ena amanenera, tifunika kuyamba kupanga ndege yatsopano, chifukwa T-50 idzakhala yokalamba mwamakhalidwe panthawiyi.

Chidwi chaching'ono chokhudzana ndi ziwonetsero za ma T-50 anayi akuwuluka chinali kutera kwa imodzi mwa magalimoto ndi kutulutsidwa kwa ma parachute oboola pamtunda wa mita zingapo pamwamba pa msewu wonyamukira ndege. Njirayi imapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa kwambiri mtunda wotuluka, komanso kunyamula kwambiri airframe, popeza, choyamba, kuthamanga kwa aerodynamic kumayambira pa liwiro lapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo kachiwiri, ndegeyo imachepa kwambiri, i.e. giya ayenera kupirira kukhudza kwambiri pa msewu wonyamukira ndege. Pakufunikanso woyendetsa ndege wodziwa bwino kwambiri. Ichi chikuyenera kukhala chosankha chotaya mtima pamene, mwachitsanzo, galimotoyo iyenera kutera pa kachigawo kakang'ono ka msewu wonyamukira ndege, wotsalawo wawonongeka ndi mabomba a adani. Zaka zambiri zapitazo, oyendetsa ndege abwino kwambiri a MiG-21 ndi Su-22 adafika ku Poland ...

Chomwe chinadabwitsa chinali chakuti galimoto yokhayo yoyesera, Su-47 Bierkut, inakhala static. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa nyumba zambiri zosangalatsa kuyambira nthawi ya kugwa kwa USSR. Panthawiyo, okonza Sukhoi anali kufunafuna kamangidwe ka ndege kamene kangapereke kusinthasintha kwakukulu komanso kuthamanga kwambiri. Chosankhacho chinagwera pa mapiko ndi otsetsereka oipa. Kuti mufulumizitse ntchito yomanga pulojekitiyi, zida zambiri za injini za Su-27 ndi MiG-a-31 zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ... , chipinda cha zida zoyimitsidwa, mizinga yomangidwa, Su-27M... ). Ndegeyo "inawuluka bwino", ndipo ngati si "Yeltsin Troubles", ikanakhala ndi mwayi wopita kupanga. Posachedwapa, galimotoyo idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa zoyambitsa airlock pansi pa pulogalamu ya Su-57.

JSC RSK MiG ili m'malo ovuta kwambiri, pafupifupi opanda chiyembekezo. Palibe malamulo okwanira osati ochokera kunja kokha, koma makamaka kuchokera ku Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Russia. Mikoyan sanalandire lamulo kuti "alowerere" ndi ndege zake. Mgwirizano waukulu kwambiri posachedwapa ndi 46 MiG-29M ndi 6-8 MiG-29M2 ku Egypt (mgwirizano kuyambira 2014), koma dzikolo limadziwika chifukwa chozemba udindo wake wachuma, komanso pambuyo pakuwonongeka kwa ubale pakati pa Purezidenti Abd al-Fattah. ndi Monga - Sisi ndi bwalo lamilandu la Saudi, mwayi wa Russia, choncho Mikoyan, kuti Aigupto abweze ngongole zake za zida zingakhale zochepa. Ndikuyembekeza kugulitsa gulu lina la MiG-29K ku India ndizovuta. Pawonetsero, adatchulidwa mosadziwika bwino kuti Algeria anali ndi chidwi chofuna kugula 16 MiG-29M / M2, koma ndiye, komanso mosadziwika bwino, zinamveka bwino kuti zokambiranazo zinalidi zapamwamba, koma zokhudzana ndi 16 ... Su-30MKI.