Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II ku Japan

Ndege yoyamba ya ku Japan ya F-35A (AX-01; 701) inanyamuka pa August 24, 2016. Boma la Japan linavomereza kugula 42 F-35As pa December 20, 2011, ndipo linasaina mgwirizano wa maboma pa June 29, 2012.

Japan yakhala m'gulu la ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akukula a F-35 Lightning II kwazaka zingapo tsopano. Ndilonso dziko lachiwiri pambuyo pa Italy (osawerengera USA) momwe msonkhano wa F-35 ndi malo ogwirira ntchito umagwira ntchito. Mosiyana ndi dziko lonse lapansi, komwe F-35 idzakhala ndege yoyamba yomenyera nkhondo kwazaka makumi angapo zikubwerazi, ku Japan imawonedwa ngati yofunika koma yowonjezera ku mitundu ina iwiri - F-15J / DJ kai ndi omenyera atsopano a m'badwo wotsatira wa FX.

Pakati pa zaka khumi zoyambirira za zaka za m'ma 2nd, Japan Air Self Defense Force (Kōkū Jieitai; Air Self-Defense Force, ASDF) inayang'anizana ndi funso losankha ndege zankhondo zatsopano. Pazifukwa zachuma, kupanga omenyana ndi Mitsubishi F-2008A/B kunali kochepa, ndipo mu 4, akukonzekera kuyamba kukumbukira McDonnell Douglas F-15EJ ndi Phantom II omenyana nawo. Ngakhale ma avionics a McDonnell Douglas F-5J / DJ Eagle interceptors anali amakono (onani bokosi), ndi zomangamanga za asilikali a m'badwo wa 20 (Chengdu J-50 ndi Sukhoi T-5 / PAK FA, motsatira), ASDF inali mkati. mkhalidwe wosayenera. Anthu aku Japan anali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi m'badwo wa 22 wankhondo waku America Lockheed Martin F-XNUMXA Raptor, koma chifukwa cha chiletso chotumiza kunja ndi US Congress, kugula kwawo sikunali kotheka. Chifukwa chake, adayambitsa pulogalamu yawoyawo yofufuza ndi chitukuko kwa omenyera a m'badwo wotsatira (onani bokosi).

Yoyamba ya ku Japan F-35A imapanga ulendo wake woyamba kuchokera ku Fort Worth, Texas; August 24, 2016 Mu cockpit ya woyendetsa mayeso a Lockheed Martin,

Paul Hattendorf.

Medium Term Defense Programme (MTDP) for Fiscal Years 2005-2009, kutengera Malangizo a National Defense Programme omwe Boma la Japan adatengera pa Disembala 10, 2004 (Bōei Keikaku no Taikō; Malangizo a National Defense Programme, NDPG) a 2005 ndi ndalama zotsatizana nazo. Zaka zodziwika: Boma la Japan lilimbikitsa kusinthika kwa womenya F-15 ndikugula omenyera atsopano kuti alowe m'malo mwa F-4. Komabe, kusintha kwa boma kunachititsa kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa zisankho zenizeni pa kugula wolowa m'malo mwa F-4EJ kai kunachedwa kwa zaka zingapo. Pokhapokha mu SPR yotsatira ya 2011-2015, kutengera NPD 17 ndi kupitilira apo, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi boma pa Disembala 2010, 2011, idakonzedwa kuti igule gulu loyamba la omenyera 12 atsopano.

Otsatira omwe akuganiziridwa ndi awa: Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, Boeing F-15 Eagle, Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II, Dassault Rafale ndi Eurofighter Typhoon. Mu Disembala 2008, mndandandawu udatsitsidwa mpaka F-15, F-35 ndi Mkuntho. Oimira ASDF adayendera fakitale iliyonse kuti adziwe momwe ndegeyo imagwirira ntchito komanso njira zopangira. Mwa zina, pamaziko awa, mu June 2010, F-15 inasinthidwa ndi F / A-18E / F yomwe inakanidwa kale. Pakadali pano, boma lidaganiza zowonjezera pamndandanda wazofunikira mwayi wopanga ziphaso kapena msonkhano womaliza wa ndege zogulidwa ku Japan. Lingaliro linali loti asunge ntchito mumakampani oyendetsa ndege aku Japan, makamaka Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI), yomwe inali ndi mphamvu zopangira zotsalira F-2 itathetsedwa msanga ndipo sanafune kusiya antchito ake odziwa zambiri, ophunzitsidwa bwino.

Pa Epulo 13, 2011, Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Japan (Bōeishō) unatumiza Zopempha Zachidziwitso (RFIs) za omenyera atsopanowa ku maboma a US ndi UK. Nthawi yomaliza yopereka malingaliro inali 26 September. Pambuyo pa kusanthula kwawo, pa Disembala 20, 2011, boma la Japan ndi National Security Council (Kokka Anzen Hoshō Kaigi; National Security Council) adavomereza kusankhidwa kwa F-35A. Zomwe zidatsimikizika zinali: kuchita zinthu zambiri, makamaka kuthekera kwapamwamba kwambiri pamishoni zamlengalenga ndi pansi, luso laukadaulo la ndegeyo komanso chiyembekezo cha chitukuko chamtsogolo, komanso kuvomerezedwa ku msonkhano womaliza ndi kupanga magawo osankhidwa ndi misonkhano ku Japan. Ngakhale pulogalamu yachitukuko ndi kuyesa kwa F-35 idakhudzidwa ndi zovuta zambiri zaukadaulo komanso kuchedwa kwanthawi yayitali panthawiyo, aku Japan adakonza zogula mayunitsi 42 kuyambira chaka chachuma cha 2012.

Kutsatira chilengezo cha chigamulo cha boma la Japan, Wapampando komanso wamkulu wa Lockheed a Martin Bob Stevens adati, "Ndife onyadira chifukwa cha chidaliro chomwe boma la Japan layika mu F-35 ndi gulu lathu lopanga kuti libweretse womenya m'badwo wachisanu uyu ku Japan. Air Self Defense Force. Chilengezochi ndi gawo latsopano mumgwirizano wathu wanthawi yayitali ndi makampani aku Japan ndipo zikugwirizana ndi mgwirizano wachitetezo pakati pa US ndi Japan.

Kumaliza kwa mgwirizano

Pa April 30, 2012, bungwe la Defense and Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) linauza Congress ya US kuti akuluakulu a boma la Japan apempha boma la United States kuti lilole kugulitsa ma F-35A anayi pansi pa ndondomeko ya FMS (Foreign Military Sale) ndi kuthekera wina 38 The okwana pazipita mtengo mgwirizano, kuwonjezera pa ndege yokha, zomwe zikuphatikizapo zipangizo zina, zida zosinthira, zolembedwa luso, zida, maphunziro ogwira ntchito ndi thandizo ntchito, anali pafupifupi $10 biliyoni. Pothandizira pempholi, bungwe la DSCA linanena kuti: Japan ndi mphamvu yaikulu pazandale ndi zachuma ku East Asia ndi Western Pacific ndi bwenzi lalikulu la US pobweretsa mtendere ndi bata m'deralo. Boma la US limagwiritsa ntchito maziko ndi zida ku Japan. Kugulitsa komweku kukugwirizana ndi zolinga zandale za US ndi 1960 Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security.

Mgwirizano wapakati pa maboma (LOA) wogula ma F-35A anayi ndi mwayi wa 38 (omwe anagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zaka zotsatira) ndi zipangizo ndi mautumiki okhudzana nawo adasaina pa June 29, 2012. Pamaziko awa, US Department of Defense , akuchita m'malo mwa Boma la Japan, pa March 25 2013 adasaina mgwirizano wogwirizana ndi Lockheed Martin. Lipoti la pachaka la Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo ku United States la January 2013 linanena kuti ma F-35A oyambirira a ASDF adzakhala ndi mapulogalamu a Block 3i avionics. Makina otsatirawa a Lot 9 LRIP (Low Rate Initial Production) ali ndi pulogalamu ya Block 3F.