Tanki yowala M5 Stuart part 2
Tanki yotchuka kwambiri ya US Army pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse inali M5A1 Stuart. Mu ma TDW a ku Europe, adatayika makamaka ndi zida zankhondo (45%) ndi migodi (25%) komanso kuwombera kuchokera ku zida zowombera mfuti zolimbana ndi akasinja. 15% yokha idawonongedwa ndi akasinja.
M'dzinja la 1942, zinali zoonekeratu kuti akasinja kuwala okhala ndi mfuti 37-mm ndi zida zochepa zida sanali oyenera akasinja ntchito zimene zinali zofunika pabwalo lankhondo - kuthandiza ana aang'ono pamene kuthyola chitetezo kapena kuyendetsa ngati mbali ya gulu la adani. , chifukwa. komanso kuthandizira zochita zawo zodzitchinjiriza kapena zowukira. Koma izi ndi ntchito zonse zomwe matanki adagwiritsidwa ntchito? Ayi ndithu.
Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya akasinja inali kuthandiza asilikali oyenda pansi kuteteza njira zoyankhulirana kumbuyo kwa asilikali omwe akupita patsogolo. Tangoganizani kuti ndinu mtsogoleri wa gulu lankhondo lankhondo lomwe likutsogozedwa ndi gulu lankhondo lomwe lili ndi makampani atatu a Shermans, limodzi ndi oyenda pansi onyamula zida zankhondo za Half-Track. Gulu lankhondo lomwe lili ndi mfuti zodziwombera zokha za M7 Priest likulowera kumbuyo. Mu kulumpha, popeza pali batire imodzi kapena ziwiri mbali zonse za msewu, okonzeka kutsegula moto poyitana asilikali kutsogolo, ndipo ena onse a gululo amayandikira gulu lankhondo kuti ayambe kuwombera, batire yomaliza mu kumbuyo kumapita kumalo oguba ndikupita patsogolo. Kumbuyo kwanu kuli msewu wokhala ndi mphambano imodzi kapena ziwiri zofunika.
Choyimira choyambirira cha M3E2, chokhala ndi tanki ya M3 yoyendetsedwa ndi injini zamagalimoto za Cadillac. Izi zimamasula mphamvu zopangira ma injini a Continental radial, omwe amafunikira kwambiri pophunzitsa ndege.
Pa aliyense wa iwo, mudasiya gulu la oyenda oyenda pansi kuti asalole adani adule, chifukwa akasinja amafuta ndi magalimoto a General Motors "ndi chilichonse chomwe mungafune" amadutsa njira iyi. Ndipo njira yotsalayo? Apa ndipamene magulu a akasinja oyendera kuwala omwe amatumizidwa kuchokera ku mphambano kupita ku mphambano ndi njira yabwino. Ngati ndi choncho, apeza ndi kuwononga gulu lankhondo la adani lomwe ladutsa minda kapena nkhalango zoyenda pansi kuti libisale zonyamula katundu. Kodi mukufuna ma Shermans apakatikati pa izi? Sikuti M5 Stuart idzakwanira. Adani oopsa kwambiri amatha kuwonekera m'misewu yokha. Zowona, akasinja amatha kudutsa m'minda, koma osati mtunda wokulirapo, chifukwa akapunthwa pachotchinga madzi kapena nkhalango yowirira, adzayenera kuzungulira mwanjira ina ... Ndipo msewu ndi msewu, mutha kuyendetsa. motsatira mofulumira.
Koma iyi si ntchito yokhayo. Amatsogolera gulu la akasinja apakatikati okhala ndi oyenda. Ndipo apa pali njira yopita ku mbali. Zingakhale zofunikira kuyang'ana zomwe zinalipo, osachepera 5-10 km kuchokera kumbali yaikulu ya kuukira. Lolani a Shermans ndi Half-Trucks apite patsogolo, ndipo gulu la ma satelayiti a Stewart atumizidwe pambali. Zikadziwika kuti ayenda makilomita khumi, ndipo palibe chosangalatsa kumeneko, abwerere ndikulowa nawo magulu akuluakulu. Ndi zina zotero…
Padzakhala ntchito zambiri zoterozo. Mwachitsanzo, timasiya usiku, positi ya lamulo la brigade imayikidwa kwinakwake kuseri kwa asilikali, ndipo kuti titeteze, tiyenera kuwonjezera gulu la akasinja opepuka ku gulu lankhondo lankhondo la gulu lankhondo lankhondo. Chifukwa akasinja apakati amafunikira kuti alimbikitse chitetezo kwakanthawi panjira yofikira. Ndi zina zotero… Pali mishoni zambiri zowunikira, kuphimba mapiko, kulondera njira zogulitsira, magulu a alonda ndi ku likulu, zomwe akasinja "akuluakulu" sakufunika, koma mtundu wina wagalimoto wankhondo ungakhale wothandiza.
Kuyenda kulikonse komwe kungachepetse kufunikira kwa mafuta ndi zipolopolo zolemera (zipolopolo za M5 Stuart zinali zopepuka kwambiri, choncho kulemera kwake - kunali kosavuta kupita kutsogolo) zinali zabwino. Chochititsa chidwi chinali kuonekera m'mayiko onse omwe adapanga zida zankhondo panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Poyamba, aliyense anapanga magawano odzaza ndi akasinja, ndiyeno aliyense anachepetsa chiwerengero chawo. Ajeremani adachepetsa chiwerengero cha mayunitsi m'magulu awo a panzer kuchokera ku brigade yamagulu awiri kupita ku gulu limodzi lokhala ndi magulu awiri. A British nawonso anawasiya ndi gulu limodzi lankhondo m'malo mwa awiri, ndipo a Russia anachotsa zida zawo zazikulu zankhondo kuyambira pachiyambi cha nkhondo ndipo m'malo mwake anapanga magulu ankhondo, omwe anayamba kusonkhanitsa mosamala mumagulu, koma ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, osakhalanso ndi zambiri. kuposa akasinja chikwi, koma ndi chiwerengero osachepera katatu ang'onoang'ono.
Achimereka anachitanso chimodzimodzi. Poyambirira, magawano awo a panzer, ndi magulu awiri a panzer, magulu asanu ndi limodzi, adatumizidwa kutsogolo ku North Africa. Ndiye, mu gawo lililonse wotsatira thanki ndi ambiri amene anapanga kale, atatu okha osiyana akasinja akasinja anatsala, mlingo wa regimental anathetsedwa. Mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo, magulu omenyera zida zankhondo ndi gulu lamagulu anayi a gulu lankhondo (osawerengera gulu loyang'anira ndi mayunitsi othandizira) adakhalabe m'gulu la zida zankhondo zaku America. Atatu mwa maguluwa anali ndi akasinja apakatikati, pomwe yachinayi idasiyidwa ndi akasinja opepuka. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zidayenera kuperekedwa kunkhondo yotereyi zidachepetsedwa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo ntchito zonse zomwe zingatheke zidaperekedwa ndi zida zankhondo.
Pambuyo pa nkhondo, gulu la akasinja kuwala kenako mbisoweka. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa ntchito zawo zidatengedwa ndi magalimoto osunthika omwe adapangidwa pamtunda wa Cold War - BMPs. Sikuti chitetezo chawo chamoto ndi zida zankhondo chinali chofanana ndi akasinja opepuka, adanyamulanso gulu lankhondo. Ndi iwo omwe, kuwonjezera pa cholinga chawo chachikulu - kunyamula ana oyenda pansi ndikupereka chithandizo pabwalo lankhondo - adatenganso ntchito zomwe zidachitika kale ndi akasinja opepuka. Koma pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, akasinja kuwala ankagwiritsidwabe ntchito pafupifupi ankhondo onse a dziko, chifukwa British anali ndi katundu American Stuarts kubwereketsa pangano, ndi magalimoto T-70 ntchito mu USSR mpaka mapeto a nkhondo. Nkhondo itatha, banja la M41 Walker Bulldog la akasinja opepuka linakhazikitsidwa ku USA, banja la PT-76 ku USSR, ndi ku USSR, ndiko kuti, thanki yowala, chonyamulira chonyamula zida zankhondo, wowononga thanki, ambulansi, galimoto yolamula ndi galimoto yothandizira luso, ndipo ndizomwezo.
