Tanki yowunikira "Scorpion" FV101 Kwa nthawi yayitali, lingaliro lidalipo pakati pa asitikali aku Britain kuti kuzindikira kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi magalimoto okhala ndi mawilo (BRM - "combat reconnaissance vehicle", eng. Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance). Komabe, m'ma 60s, pamene zida zochokera zitsulo zotayidwa zotayidwa anaonekera, zinakhala zotheka kupanga kuwala airborne analondora galimoto ntchito zigawo zikuluzikulu magalimoto ndi misonkhano, amene kwambiri kuchepetsa mtengo ndi imathandizira kupanga. Mu 1964, kampani ya Elvis inayamba kupanga thanki yotereyi. Mu 1968, zitsanzo woyamba bwinobwino anayesedwa, ndipo mu 1972 anaikidwa mu utumiki pansi pa dzina "Scorpion" FV-101. Galimoto amagwiritsa ntchito malonda 6 yamphamvu madzi-utakhazikika mafuta injini "Jaguar" ndi mphamvu ya 195 HP. Ndi. Kupatsirana ndi makina, mapulaneti okhala ndi njira yozungulira yosiyana. Gearbox imapereka magiya 7 opita kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Malinga ndi chipangizocho, kufalikira kumafanana ndi kufalikira kwa "Mtsogoleri", koma kucheperachepera kukula ndi kulemera kwake. Kuyimitsidwa munthu torsion bala ndi hydraulic shock absorbers kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo mfundo. Zodzigudubuza zamsewu zokhala ndi mphira (5 mbali) ndi zowongolera zimapangidwa ndi aloyi ya aluminiyamu. Nyimbo zokhala ndi mahinji a rabara-zitsulo, mayendedwe achitsulo. Pofuna kuchepetsa phokoso pakuyenda kwa thanki pamayendedwe ndi gudumu loyendetsa, pali zokutira za polyurethane, ndipo kuziziritsa kwa mafani a magetsi kumayendetsedwa ndi kutuluka kosakanikirana (semi-axial-semi-centrifugal). Kuwoneka kozungulira kwa mkulu wa gulu la ogwira ntchito kumaperekedwa ndi zida zisanu ndi ziwiri zoyang'ana zowonongeka zomwe zimayikidwa pamphepete mwa kapu ya mkulu wa asilikali. Chipangizo chozungulira cha olamulira a binocular periscope chili ndi kukulira kwa 10x. Wowombera mfuti amagwiritsa ntchito zowoneka bwino za usana ndi usiku komanso zida ziwiri zowonera pa periscope. Pa akasinja opangidwa kuti azitumiza kunja, panthawi yamakono, mfuti ya 90-mm Mk 3 ya kampani ya Belgian Kokkeril idayikidwa ndi FCS yosinthidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa zida zamfuti kunachepetsedwa mpaka 35. Chikopa ndi turret yamakina amawotcherera kuchokera ku zida za aluminiyamu aloyi. Mbali zakutsogolo za hull ndi turret sizinalowedwe ndi zipolopolo zoboola zida za 14,5 mm kuchokera pamtunda wa 200 m, mbali ndi kumbuyo zimatetezedwa ku zipolopolo za 7,62 mm kuchokera kumtundu uliwonse wowombera. Thanki ili ndi njira zapadera zodzitetezera. Mipiringidzo ya ma grenade a utsi imayikidwa mbali zonse za mfuti. Pali gawo lolowera mpweya wosefera. Kusuntha koyandama kumachitika chifukwa chakubwereranso kwa mayendedwe. M'kati mwa masiku ano, makina oyendetsa maulendo amadzimadzi omwe ali ndi propeller anapangidwa, koma sanafalikire, akupereka liwiro loyandama la 9,6 km / h. M'malo mwa injini mafuta thanki akhoza okonzeka ndi Perkins T6 / 3544 madzi utakhazikika injini dizilo mphamvu malita 250. Ndi. Njira idapangidwanso kuti igwiritse ntchito dizilo yaku America ya V-53T "General Motors" Makhalidwe a ntchito ya thanki yowunikira kuwala FV101 "Scorpion" Kupambana kulemera, т 7,9 Ogwira ntchito, anthu 3 Makulidwe, mm: kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo 4388 Kutalika 2184 kutalika 2096 chilolezo   Zida   zipolopolo Zida:   76,2 mm mizinga; Mfuti yamakina 7,62 mm, zowombera 6 zautsi Boek set:   40 kuwombera, 3000 kuzungulira Injini "Jaguar" HK, 6-silinda, carburetor, mphamvu 195 HP. pa 4750 rpm Kuthamanga kwapadera, kg/cmXNUMX 0,345 Kuthamanga kwapamtunda km / h 87 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu Km 644 Zolepheretsa: kutalika kwa khoma, м 0,508 ukulu wa ngalande, м 2,057 kuya kwa zombo, м   Pamaziko a thanki kuwala kuzindikira "Scorpion" FV-102, banja la zida zankhondo zolinga zosiyanasiyana analengedwa: njira yodziyendetsa yokha yolimbana ndi tanki yoponya mizinga FV-102 Stryker - kutsogolera moto ATGM "Swingfire". Anapangidwira kuti azigwira ntchito limodzi ndi magalimoto ena a m'banjamo kuti awononge magalimoto onyamula zida za adani. Imanyamula zotengera zisanu zomwe zili kuseri kwa mzinga ndi zida zina zisanu. Gululi lili ndi anthu atatu - dalaivala, mkulu wa asilikali ndi mfuti ya missile. chonyamulira antchito ankhondo FV-103 Spartan, wokhala ndi mfuti ya 7,62 mm. Oyendetsa galimotoyo apangidwa ndi anthu atatu - dalaivala, mkulu ndi mfuti, kuwonjezera amene amatha kunyamula asilikali anayi. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake - "Spartan" sichikhala ndi gulu limodzi la ana oyenda pansi, chonyamulira chankhondo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula magulu apadera monga scouts, owonera zida zankhondo kapena mainjiniya; lamulo galimoto FV 105 "Sultan"zopangidwira akuluakulu amakampani. Ili ndi mfuti ya 7,62-mm yodzitchinjiriza ndipo ili ndi gulu la anthu asanu mpaka asanu ndi limodzi: woyendetsa galimoto, woyendetsa galimoto yemwe amachitanso ntchito za woyendetsa wailesi, woyendetsa wailesi yachiwiri ndi awiri kapena atatu. mamembala a likulu; ambulansi FV-104 Msamariya. Oyendetsa galimotoyo amakhala ndi dalaivala, ndi dokotala mmodzi kapena awiri, mmodzi wa iwo ndi mtsogoleri. Kuwonjezera pa iwo, Msamariya amatha kunyamula anthu asanu okhala pansi ovulala kapena anayi pa machira; galimoto yoperekeza ndi yozindikira FV107 adatengedwa mofanana ndi "Scorpion" - "Simitar" (eng. Scimitar - "Lupanga", kusintha kwa mawu kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito "Scmitar"), zomwe zimasiyana ndi izo makamaka pokhapokha kuyika mfuti ya 30 mm ya Rarden yokhala ndi mipiringidzo yaitali m'malo mwa mfuti ya 76-mm Scorpion ndi ballistics yake yochepa. galimoto yobwezeretsa zida FV 106 "Samson", galimoto yobwezeretsa zida zopangira zida zokhala ndi magalimoto abanja la CVR (T). Ili ndi anthu atatu ndipo imatha kutulutsa CVR (T) komanso magalimoto olemera. "Stormer" (Chingerezi Stomer), FV4333 - chonyamulira onyamula zida analenga yekha ndi kampani Olvis kumapeto 1970s zochokera Spartan. Pakatikati mwa 1984, magalimoto pafupifupi 4500 a banja la Scorpion adapangidwa, omwe oposa 2000 adalowa m'gulu lankhondo la Britain, otsalawo anaperekedwa kwa asilikali a mayiko 14, omwe Iran (pafupifupi magalimoto 200), Belgium (116) , Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Nigeria, New Zealand ndi mayiko ena angapo. Mu 1982, 90 mamilimita Belgian mizinga ku kampani Cockerill anaikidwa pa Scorpion-90, kenako kulemera kwa thanki chinawonjezeka mpaka matani 8,7, koma liwiro utachepa kwa 72,5 Km / h. Malaysia idalamula magalimoto awa 26. Malinga ndi akatswiri ankhondo akunja, Scorpio ndi Simiter adachita bwino pankhondo zazilumba za Falkland, pankhondo ya Anglo-Argentina ya 1982, kuyenda kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi akasinja akulu; zida zake ziyenera kuwonetsetsa kuthekera kochita nkhondo panthawi yowunikiranso, komanso zochita zomwe zimalepheretsa mdani kuzindikiranso; sayenera kupikisana ndi moto ndi tanki yayikulu ndipo sayenera kukhala wowononga matanki owala. ” Lingaliro ili lidatsimikiza mawonekedwe a thanki ya Scorpion. Makinawa ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso opepuka - kulemera kwake mu zida zankhondo ndi matani 7,9, kutalika kwa 4,39 m, m'lifupi 2,18 m ndi kutalika kwa periscope ya wowomberayo 2,1 m. Ogwira ntchito pagalimoto ndi anthu atatu. Tankiyi imayendetsedwa ndi ndege zambiri komanso ma helikoputala olemera. Mothandizidwa ndi kachipangizo kopangira mphira, amatha kusambira kudutsa zopinga zamadzi. Chipinda cha injini chili kutsogolo kwa hull, chipinda chomenyera nkhondo chimasunthidwa kumbuyo. Ntchito za ogwira nawo ntchito zili motere: mkulu wa thanki mu turret kumanzere kwa mfuti, woyendetsa galimoto kutsogolo kwake, wowombera mfuti ku turret kumanja kwa mfuti. Udindo wa MTO udatsimikiza makonzedwe onse a kavalo, mawilo oyendetsa kutsogolo, mawilo owongolera omwe ali ndi njira zolimbikitsira kumbuyo. Zida zazikulu za thanki ndi mfuti ya 76,2 mm sing'anga ya ballistic. Kulemera kwake kwa zipolopolo ndi ma 40 ozungulira. Pofuna kuthana ndi zida zankhondo, pulojekiti yoboola zida zapamwamba yokhala ndi mutu wosalala (HE5H) imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuonjezera apo, pali chojambula chokhazikika chophulika kwambiri komanso chojambula chokhala ndi zinthu zokonzeka. Mfutiyi imaphatikizidwa ndi mfuti ya 7,62 mm yokhala ndi zipolopolo zokwana 3000. Ngodya zowongolera mu ndege yowongoka zimachokera ku -10 ° mpaka + 35 °. Njira zotembenuza nsanja ndikukweza mfuti ndi makina okhala ndi ma drive amanja. Zotsatira: FV101 CVR(T) Scorpion [Yendani Mozungulira]; Chris Chant, Richard Jones "Matanki: Oposa 250 a Akasinja a Padziko Lonse ndi Magalimoto Omenyana Ndi Zida"; G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915 - 2000"; C. Foss, S. Dunstan Scorpion Reconnaissance Vehicle; Shunkov V. N. "Akasinja"; M. Nikolsky "Kuwala thanki "Scorpion". "Chitsanzo wopanga"; FV 101 "Scorpion" [MODELIK 1998-18].