Kuwala kwamafuta a injini

Aliyense amadziwa kuti mafuta a injini ndi ofunikira kuti injini igwire bwino ntchito. Popanda izi, zinthu za injini zoyatsira mkati zimakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwamakina ndi matenthedwe, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwa injini. Mavuto a kuchuluka kwa mafuta kapena kuthamanga kwa injini ya dizilo kapena petulo amachenjezedwa ndi nyali yamagetsi ya dalaivala yomwe ili pa dashboard.

Kodi babu ndi chiyani

Kuyeza kwamphamvu kwamtundu wa chitini chamafuta kunapangidwa kuti kuwongolera kuthamanga kwamafuta m'dongosolo, komanso kuchuluka kwake. Ili pa dashboard ndipo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi masensa apadera, ntchito yomwe ndikuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse mlingo ndi kupanikizika. Ngati oiler akuyatsa, muyenera kuzimitsa injini ndikuyang'ana chomwe chimayambitsa vutolo.

Malo omwe chizindikiro chotsika chamafuta amatha kusiyanasiyana, koma chithunzicho ndi chofanana pamagalimoto onse.

Zida za chipangizo

Chizindikiro cha kuthamanga kwa mafuta chikuwonetsa zovuta zamakina amafuta a injini. Koma makina amadziwa bwanji? ECU (electronic engine control unit) imagwirizanitsidwa ndi masensa awiri, omwe ali ndi udindo woyang'anira nthawi zonse kuthamanga kwa mafuta mu injini, ndipo winayo ndi mlingo wa mafuta odzola, otchedwa electronic dipstick (osagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse). makina) Pakachitika vuto, sensa imodzi kapena ina imapanga chizindikiro chomwe "chimayatsa oiler".

Momwe ikugwirira ntchito

Ngati zonse zili mu dongosolo ndi kuthamanga / mlingo, ndiye injini ikayamba, nyali yamafuta imayatsa kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo nthawi yomweyo imazima. Ngati chizindikirocho chikhalabe chogwira ntchito, ndiye kuti ndi nthawi yoti muyang'ane vutolo ndi njira zofulumira kwambiri zothetsera vutoli. Pa magalimoto amakono, "oiler" akhoza kukhala ofiira (otsika injini ya mafuta) kapena achikasu (otsika), nthawi zina amatha kung'anima. Ngati mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa achitika, kufotokozera za vutolo kumatha kuwonetsedwanso pakompyuta yapakompyuta.

Chifukwa chiyani babu amayatsa

Nthawi zina kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi imatha kubwereza uthenga wolakwika ndikupereka zambiri.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe mababu amayatsa. Tiyeni tiwone zofala kwambiri pansipa. Munthawi zonse, vutoli litha kukhala lokhudzana ndi vuto la mafuta olakwika / sensor sensor yomwe ikuwonetsa vuto la kuthamanga kwa injini za dizilo ndi mafuta.

Pa liwiro laulesi

Ngati oiler sazimitsa atangoyamba injini, timalimbikitsa kuyang'ana kuthamanga kwa mafuta nthawi yomweyo. Mwinamwake mpope wamafuta walephera (kapena wayamba kulephera).

Poyenda (mothamanga kwambiri)

Pampu yamafuta sangathe kupanga kukakamizidwa kofunikira pansi pa katundu wolemetsa. Chifukwa chingakhale chikhumbo cha dalaivala kuti apite mofulumira. Injini zambiri pa liwiro lalikulu "kudya" mafuta. Poyang'ana ndi dipstick, kusowa kwa mafuta sikukuwoneka, koma kwa zamagetsi, kutsika kwakukulu, ngakhale ndi magalamu 200, ndi "chochitika" chofunikira kwambiri, kotero nyali imayatsa.

Pambuyo kusintha mafuta

Zimachitikanso kuti mafuta mu injini zikuwoneka kuti zasinthidwa, koma "oiler" akadali pa. Chifukwa chomveka kwambiri ndi chakuti mafuta akutuluka m'dongosolo. Ngati zonse zili zachilendo ndipo sizikusiya dongosolo, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana kachipangizo ka mafuta. Vuto likhoza kukhala pa kukakamizidwa mu dongosolo.

Pa injini yozizira

Kuwonongeka kungachitike ngati mafuta a viscosity osayenera a injini atadzazidwa. Poyamba ndi wandiweyani ndipo n'zovuta kuti pampu ipope kudzera mu dongosolo, ndipo ikatenthetsa imakhala yamadzimadzi ndipo mphamvu yachibadwa imapangidwa; chifukwa chake, nyaliyo imazima.

Pa injini yotentha

Ngati oiler amakhalabe injini itatenthedwa, izi zitha kuwonetsa zifukwa zingapo. Choyamba, uku ndi kutsika kwambiri / kupanikizika kwamafuta omwewo; chachiwiri ndi mafuta a viscosity yolakwika; chachitatu, kuvala kwa madzimadzi opaka mafuta.

Momwe mungayang'anire mafuta

Chubu chapadera chosindikizidwa chimaperekedwa mu chipinda cha injini, chomwe chimagwirizanitsa mwachindunji ndi kusamba kwa mafuta a crankcase. Dipstick imalowetsedwa mu chubu ichi, pomwe zizindikiro zoyezera zimayikidwa kusonyeza kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu dongosolo; tchulani milingo yocheperako komanso yayikulu.

Maonekedwe ndi malo a dipstick angasiyane, koma mfundo yoyang'ana mlingo wamadzimadzi mu injini imakhala yofanana ndi zaka zana zapitazi.

Mafuta ayenera kuyeza motsatira malamulo ena:

1. Makinawa ayenera kuyikidwa pamtunda kuti agawidwe mofanana pa crankcase.
2. Miyezo iyenera kuchitidwa injini itazimitsa, muyenera kuyisiya kwa mphindi zisanu kuti mafuta alowe mu crankcase.
3. Kenako, muyenera kuchotsa dipstick, kuyeretsa mafuta ndi kuika kachiwiri ndi kuchotsa kachiwiri ndiyeno kuyang'ana mlingo.

Zimatengedwa ngati zachilendo ngati mulingo uli pakati, pakati pa "Min" ndi "Max". Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mafuta pokhapokha ngati mulingo uli pansipa "Min" kapena mamilimita angapo pansi pakatikati. Mafuta sayenera kukhala akuda. Apo ayi, iyenera kusinthidwa.

Mulingo umatsimikiziridwa mosavuta. Ngati simukuwona mulingo womveka bwino pa dipstick, ukadaulo wa cheke ukhoza kusweka kapena pali mafuta ochepa.

Momwe mungayang'anire kuthamanga

Momwe mungayang'anire kuthamanga kwamafuta a injini? Ndi zophweka, chifukwa ichi pali manometer. Ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Injini iyenera poyamba kubweretsedwa kutentha kwa ntchito ndiyeno kuyimitsidwa. Kenako muyenera kupeza mafuta kuthamanga kachipangizo - ili pa injini. Sensa iyi iyenera kukhala yosasunthika, ndipo choyezera champhamvu chiyenera kuikidwa m'malo mwake. Kenaka timayambitsa injini ndikuyang'ana kupanikizika, poyamba pakuchita, ndiyeno pa liwiro lalikulu.

Ndi mphamvu yanji yamafuta yomwe iyenera kukhala mu injini? Mukamachita idling, kupanikizika kwa 2 bar kumaonedwa ngati kwachilendo, ndipo 4,5-6,5 bar imatengedwa kuti ndi yokwera. Dziwani kuti kuthamanga kwa injini ya dizilo kuli kofanana.

Kodi mungayendetse ndi kuyatsa?

Ngati "oiler" pa dashboard akuyatsa, kusuntha kwina kwa galimoto ndikoletsedwa. Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe mafuta alili tsopano, ndikuwonjezera ngati kuli kofunikira.

Nyali yochenjeza / yamafuta imatha kuyatsa nthawi zosiyanasiyana: mafuta ochepa kwambiri pamakina, kupanikizika kwatha (zosefera zamafuta zatsekeka, pampu yamafuta ndi yolakwika), masensa omwewo ndi olakwika. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuyendetsa galimoto pamene chizindikirocho chili.