Zowunikira za Xenon vs halogen: zabwino ndi zoyipa
Nyali zamagalimoto ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuwunikira mgalimoto ndi chitetezo chake. Masiku ano, msika wa magetsi a galimoto ndi waukulu kwambiri ndipo ambiri amavutika kusankha ndikusintha nyali yokhazikika ndi yatsopano. M'nkhaniyi, tifanizira mitundu iwiri ya mababu akumutu ndikukuuzani kuti ndi iti yomwe iyenera kukondedwa: halogen kapena xenon?
Kodi nyali za halogen ndi chiyani?
Nyali za halogen zidapangidwa kalekale - zaka zoposa theka zapitazo. Zomwe zidapangidwazo zidakhala zofunikira kwambiri, ndipo lingalirolo ndi losavuta kwambiri. Nyali yakutsogolo ya halogen imakhala ndi ulusi wopyapyala wa tungsten m'malo a halogen, onse atakulungidwa mu kapisozi wagalasi wosatentha kwambiri. Mu botolo la nyali ya incandescent, mankhwala a ayodini ndi bromine adayambitsidwa mu mpweya wa mpweya, zomwe zimalepheretsa kutuluka kwa tungsten ndi kuyaka mofulumira kwa filament. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, ulusi umawala ndipo chitsulo (tungsten) chimatuluka kuchokera ku ulusi. Chifukwa chake, nyali za halogen, panthawi yomwe adapezeka, zinali ndi miyeso yaying'ono kwambiri, komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwala ndi gwero.
Zoonadi, tsopano nyali za halogen ndizotsogola kwambiri. Pakadali pano, opanga amapereka mitundu yambiri ya nyali za halogen. Ndi mtengo wotsika komanso kusankha kwakukulu, ali ndi makhalidwe abwino owunikira, koma amakhalanso ndi zovuta zawo.
Mitundu ya nyali za halogen masiku ano:
muyezo;
ndi kuwala kowonjezereka;
ndi mphamvu zowonjezera;
nyengo zonse;
ndi moyo wautali wautumiki;
kutonthoza kowoneka bwino.
Kodi nyali zamagalimoto a xenon ndi chiyani ndipo ndi chiyani?
M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, oyambitsa anafika pa lingaliro lakuti spiral mu autolamp ingasinthidwe ndi chisakanizo cha mpweya wina. Tengani botolo lagalasi
m'malo wandiweyani makoma, kumene mpweya wosagwira ntchito, xenon, unkapopedwa mopanikizika.
Masiku ano, ena opanga mu nyali ya xenon "malo" a mercury nthunzi. Amayatsidwanso ndi xenon, koma amakhala mu babu wina wakunja. Xenon yokha imatulutsa kuwala koyera kowala, pomwe mercury ndi nthunzi zake zimapanga kuwala kozizirirako, kowoneka ngati bluish.
Ma elekitirodi awiri amayikidwa mkati mwa nyali ya xenon patali kwambiri kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Kuchokera kunja, zolumikizana ziwiri zimakwanira maelekitirodi awa, ngati nyali wamba, izi ndi kuphatikiza ndi kuchotsera. Kumbuyo kwa nyaliyo kuli "gulu loyatsira" lapamwamba kwambiri, lomwe ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri padongosolo. Chabwino, kwenikweni "wiring harness" yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mphamvu ya galimoto ndikugwirizanitsa nyali ndi blog yoyatsira.
Chigawo choyatsira chimapereka kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwambiri kwa ma electrode, pomwe arc yamagetsi imapangidwa. Arc imapanga gawo la electromagnetic, lomwe limayambitsa kusakaniza kwa mpweya wokwanira. Imadutsa yokha mphamvu yamagetsi, xenon imayamba kutulutsa kuwala.
Pambuyo poyatsira moto wapereka mphamvu zamakono pamagetsi apamwamba ndipo kuwala kwa nyali kwayatsidwa, kuperekedwa kosalekeza kwamakono ndikofunikira, komwe kumathandizira kuyaka kwina.
Malingana ndi mtundu wa kupanga, nyali za xenon zimagawidwa kukhala zoyambirira ndi zapadziko lonse. Mababu oyambilira a xenon amayikidwa pamagalimoto ochokera ku fakitale ya opanga, mababu a xenon amayikidwa pamagetsi agalimoto, akasinthidwa kukhala mtundu woterewu.
Malingana ndi mtundu wa mapangidwe, nyali za xenon zimagawidwa
1. Mono-xenon - awa ndi mababu omwe ali ndi bulb yokhazikika. Amapereka njira imodzi yokha ya kuwala - kaya pafupi kapena kutali.
2. Bixenon ndi mababu omwe ali ndi babu osunthika ndi nsalu yapadera. Ndi mfundo ya ntchito maginito resonance, amapereka zonse pafupi ndi kutali kuwala kwa kuwala. Mukasintha mitundu, maginito amatsitsa kapena kukweza nyali, zomwe zimatsimikizira kutulutsa kwamtundu umodzi kapena wina.
Ndi mtundu woyika:
1. Mu projekiti kapena ma optics osinthika - awa ndi mababu omwe ali ndi maziko olembedwa S. Amayikidwa mu mandala okha.
2. Mu reflex kapena standard optics - awa ndi mababu omwe ali ndi maziko olembedwa R. Amayikidwa mu optics yosavuta yamagalimoto okhala ndi chowunikira chapamwamba. Ali ndi zokutira zapadera zotsutsa-reflective pa babu ya nyali, zomwe zimachotsa kuwala kolakwika.
Kuyerekeza kwa nyali za xenon ndi halogen
Tinapenda mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito nyali ziwirizi, koma ndizosangalatsa kwambiri momwe zimasiyanirana ndi mtundu wanji wa nyali zamagalimoto zomwe mungakonde.
Mtengo. Apa ubwino wake ndi wa nyali za halogen. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika mtengo kuposa nyali za xenon kupanga, kugulitsa, kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza. Zachidziwikire, pali zosankha za bajeti za xenon: nyali zotere zimakhala ndi zida zotsika pang'ono komanso kukhazikika bwino, ndipo moyo wawo wautumiki umachokera ku chaka chimodzi mpaka zitatu. Nyali zochokera kwa opanga odziwika nthawi zonse zimakhala zokwera mtengo kwambiri, zimagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zabwino, ndipo moyo wautumiki nthawi zambiri umakhala zaka zitatu.
Kuyatsa. Xenon ndi yowala kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa halogen, kotero nyali za xenon zimawunikira kwambiri pamsewu. Komabe, kuwala kwa nyali za halogen kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri mu chifunga.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Nyali zakutsogolo za halogen zimafuna mphamvu zochepa kuti ziyambe, koma zimadya mphamvu zambiri zikamathamanga. Nyali za Xenon zimagwiritsa ntchito gasi ngati gwero lamphamvu, motero zimawononga magetsi ochepa.
Kukhalitsa. Moyo wautumiki wa nyali za xenon ndi osachepera maola 2000, pamene nyali za halogen zimatha maola 500-1000 (malingana ndi machitidwe, opanga, etc.).
Mtundu wa kuwala kotulutsidwa. Kuwala kwa nyali za xenon kumakhala ndi utoto wabuluu, wofanana ndi masana achilengedwe. Kuwala kwa nyali za halogen kumakhala ndi utoto wotentha wachikasu.
Kutentha kutentha. Nyali za Xenon, mosiyana ndi nyali za halogen, sizimatulutsa kutentha panthawi yogwira ntchito, koma kuwala kokha. Nyali za halogen zimatentha kwambiri panthawi yogwira ntchito, choncho mphamvu zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha, osati pa kuwala, zomwe zimawasiyanitsa kwambiri ndi xenon. Zikuoneka kuti xenon angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngakhale nyali pulasitiki.
Nthawi yoyambira. Nyali za halogen zimayamba kuwala kwambiri kuyambira pomwe zimayatsidwa, pomwe nyali za xenon zimatenga masekondi angapo kuti zitenthetse kuti ziwala kwambiri.
Makhalidwe oyika nyali zamagalimoto a halogen ndi xenon
Chisamaliro chiyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zonse pogwira ntchito ndi mababu a nyali. Nyali za halogen zimatha kusweka ngati mafuta achilengedwe a zala zanu afika pa iwo. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, chipangizocho chimatentha mpaka 500 ° C. Mukayika, musakhudze galasi ndi manja anu, ndi bwino kuvala magolovesi a nsalu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nsanza.
Kuyika nyali za halogen ndikosavuta ndipo kumachitika ndikuchotsa kapena kuchotsedwa. Kachiwiri, muyenera kungotenga babu yatsopano ndikuyiyika m'malo mwake.
Kuyika nyali za xenon ndizovuta kwambiri, mudzafunika chotsutsa ndi chowotcha chowunikira chovomerezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, nyali zina za xenon zimakhala ndi zinthu zoopsa monga mercury. Ngati nyali yotere ikuphulika, ikhoza kusokoneza thanzi la munthu.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti madalaivala amachita mwachangu komanso molondola kwambiri pamagalimoto okhala ndi nyali za xenon kuposa nyali zakutsogolo za halogen. Komabe, nyali zowala za xenon zimatha kuwunikira madalaivala ena, ndichifukwa chake kuyatsa kwamutu ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Xenon amatanthauza kuwala kwakukulu, masana apamwamba kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pang'ono pamagalimoto, komanso kuwonekera kowoneka bwino komanso chitetezo kwa woyendetsa pamsewu! Amakhala nthawi yayitali, koma kukhazikitsa koyenera ndikofunikira pano. Ndipo ngati mwayi sukulolani, ndiye kuti nyali za halogen zidzakhala njira yabwino kwambiri.
