Red Army ku Balkan 1944

Lamulo la Soviet lidawona kuthekera kozungulira ndikuwononga asitikali aku Germany omwe adakhazikika mdera la Chisinau ndi magulu ankhondo a 2 a Ukraine ndi 3 a Ukraine.

Kumasulidwa kwa Karogrod (Constantinople, Istanbul) ku goli la oipa a Mohammedans, kulamulira mafunde a nyanja ya Bosporus ndi Dardanelles ndi kugwirizana kwa dziko la Orthodox motsogozedwa ndi "Great Russian Empire" zolinga zakunja kwa olamulira onse aku Russia.

Njira yothetsera mavutowa idalumikizidwa ndi kugwa kwa Ufumu wa Ottoman, womwe kuyambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1853 unakhala mdani wamkulu wa Russia. Catherine II anathandizira kwambiri ntchito ya kuthamangitsidwa kwathunthu kwa Turkey ku Ulaya mogwirizana ndi Austria, kugawanika kwa Balkan Peninsula, kulengedwa kwa akuluakulu a Danubian a boma la Dacia ndi chitsitsimutso cha boma la Byzantine lotsogoleredwa ndi mfumukazi. mdzukulu Konstantin. Mdzukulu wake wina - Nicholas Woyamba - kuti akwaniritse loto ili (ndi kusiyana kokha kuti mfumu ya ku Russia sidzabwezeretsa Byzantium, koma imangofuna kuti Sultan wa Turkey akhale msilikali wake) adalowa nawo ku Eastern (Crimea). ) nkhondo yolimbana ndi 1856-XNUMX.

Mikhail Skobelev, "woyera wamkulu", adapita ku Bosphorus kudutsa Bulgaria mu 1878. Ndipamene dziko la Russia linagonjetsa ufumu wa Ottoman, pambuyo pake chikoka cha Turkey ku Balkan Peninsula sichikanatha kubwezeretsedwanso, ndipo kupatukana kwa mayiko onse a ku South Asilavo ku Turkey kunali chabe nthawi. Komabe, ulamuliro wa ku Balkan sunapezeke - panali kulimbana pakati pa maulamuliro onse akuluakulu kuti athe kukopa mayiko omwe angodziimira okha. Kuphatikiza apo, zigawo zakale za Ufumu wa Ottoman nthawi yomweyo zidaganiza zokhala zazikulu ndikulowa mikangano yosathetsedwa pakati pawo; Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, dziko la Russia silikanatha kutenga mbali kapena kuzemba kuthetsa vuto la ku Balkan.

Kufunika kwadongosolo kwa Bosporus ndi Dardanelles, kofunikira kwa Ufumu wa Russia, sikunatayike konse ndi akuluakulu olamulira. Mu September 1879, olemekezeka kwambiri anasonkhana Livadia motsogozedwa ndi Tsar Alexander II kukambirana zotheka tsogolo la zovuta pa chochitika cha kugwa kwa Ufumu wa Ottoman. Pokhala nawo pamsonkhanowu, Mlangizi wa Privy Pyotr Saburov, analemba kuti, Russia sakanalola kuti England ikhale yosatha. Ntchito yogonjetsa zovutazo idakhazikitsidwa ngati zinthu zinapangitsa kuti ulamuliro wa Turkey uwonongeke ku Ulaya. Ufumu wa Germany unkaonedwa kuti ndi wogwirizana ndi Russia. Njira zingapo zaukazembe zidachitidwa, kuwunikiranso zamtsogolo zachitetezo cham'tsogolo kunachitika, ndipo "malo osungira apadera" a migodi yapanyanja ndi zida zankhondo zazikulu zidapangidwa. Mu September 1885, Alexander III anatumiza kalata kwa Mtsogoleri wa General Staff, Nikolai Obruchev, momwe anafotokozera cholinga chachikulu cha Russia - kugwidwa kwa Constantinople ndi zovuta. Mfumuyo inalemba kuti: “Koma za masautsowo, inde nthawi siinafike, koma munthu akhale tcheru ndi kukhala wokonzeka. Pokhapokha ngati ndili wokonzeka kumenya nkhondo ku Balkan Peninsula, chifukwa ndizofunikira komanso zothandiza kwambiri ku Russia. Mu July 1895, "msonkhano wapadera" unachitikira ku St. Chisankho chamsonkhanowu chinalankhula za kukonzekera kwathunthu kwankhondo kulanda Constantinople. Zinanenedwanso kuti: potenga Bosphorus, Russia idzakwaniritsa imodzi mwa ntchito zake zakale: kukhala mbuye wa Balkan Peninsula, kusunga England nthawi zonse, ndipo sakanayenera kumuopa kuchokera ku Black Sea. . Dongosolo la kufika kwa asilikali ku Bosphorus linaganiziridwa pa msonkhano wa atumiki pa December 5, 1896, kale motsogozedwa ndi Nicholas II. Mapangidwe a zombo zomwe zimagwira ntchitoyo zinatsimikiziridwa, ndipo mkulu wa asilikali okwera ndege anasankhidwa. Pakachitika nkhondo yankhondo ndi Great Britain, General Staff waku Russia adakonzekera kuukira India kuchokera ku Central Asia. Chiwembucho chinali ndi adani ambiri amphamvu, choncho mfumu yachinyamatayo inaganiza kuti isapange chosankha chomaliza. Posakhalitsa, zochitika za ku Far East zinagwira chidwi chonse cha utsogoleri wa Russia, ndi malangizo a Middle East "ozizira". Mu July 1908, pamene kusintha kwachinyamata kunayamba, Bosphorus Expedition inaganiziridwanso ku Petersburg ndi cholinga cholanda malo abwino a Constantinople kumbali zonse za strait ndikuwagwira m'manja mwawo kuti awonetsere mphamvu zofunikira kuti akwaniritse zolinga zandale. .