Mpweya wozizira m'galimoto umawotcha

Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachilimwe, eni galimoto nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi vuto: mpweya wozizira suziziritsa mpweya ku kutentha komwe mukufuna. Nthawi zambiri izi zimagwirizana ndi kusowa kwa compressor, kuyendetsa kwa mpweya woyendetsa mpweya wa mpweya wamkati wamkati kapena ndi kukonza mosayembekezereka kwa makina owongolera mpweya.

Nkhani yathu itithandiza kudziwa chifukwa chake mpweya wotentha ukuwomba kuchokera m'mizere ya mpweya m'malo mozizira, komanso kuzindikira ndikukonza kuwonongeka.

N'chifukwa chiyani mpweya wotentha ukutuluka mu choyatsira mpweya kulowa m'galimoto?

Pali zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zomwe air conditioner m'galimoto sizizizira:

Chithunzi cha makina owongolera mpweya m'galimoto, dinani kuti mukulitse

• mpweya woziziritsa pawokha uli ndi vuto;
• Mpweya woziziritsa sudutsa m'chipinda chokwera anthu chifukwa cha damper yolakwika ya mpweya wabwino.

kuti mudziwe chifukwa chake mpweya wozizira m'galimoto umawotha, fufuzani Kodi kompresa yolumikizidwa? ikayatsidwa. Panthawi yolumikizana, cholumikizira chake chiyenera kudina, ndipo kompresa yokha iyenera kuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi kung'ung'udza kwachete. Kusamveka kwa mawu awa kumasonyeza bwino lomwe vuto la clutch kapena kompresa yokha. Pamagalimoto okhala ndi ICE osakwana malita 2,0 pomwe kompresa ikuyenda chiwongoladzanja chidzawonjezeka ndipo mudzaona kuchepa mphamvu.

Ngati kompresa akutembenukira, koma choziziritsa mu galimoto kuwomba mpweya wofunda, fufuzani ndi kukhudza mipope imene refrigerant amayenda. chubu (chochuluka) chomwe chimalowera mu evaporator, kutsogolera ku salon kuyenera kukhala kozizira, ndi kubwereranso - kutentha. Mumitundu yambiri, chowongolera mpweya chikatsegulidwa, fani ya radiator imayamba nthawi yomweyo.

Momwe mungayang'anire chowongolera mpweya mu mphindi 5: kanema

Ngati compressor ikuyenda, kutentha kwa mapaipi ndi kosiyana, radiator imawombedwa ndi fani, koma mpweya wozizira m'galimoto umawombera mpweya wotentha - fufuzani. ntchito damper ndipo tcherani khutu kwa chikhalidwe cha kanyumba fyuluta. Sinthani makonda a nyengo, onani ngati kutentha kwa kayendedwe ka mpweya kumasintha.

komanso yang'anani phokoso la fan fan pamene mukukonzekera kusakaniza kwa mpweya. Iyenera kusintha pang'ono pamene dampers ikuyenda, monga momwe kayendedwe ka mpweya kakuyenda kamasintha. Kudina kofewa kumamvekanso nthawi zambiri chotsekacho chikasunthidwa. Kusamveka kwa mawuwa kumasonyeza kusokonezeka kwa mgwirizano kapena kulephera kwa servo.

Zifukwa zonse zomwe air conditioner m'galimoto imawomba mpweya wotentha zikufotokozedwa mwachidule patebulo pansipa.

Mpweya umawomba mpweya wotentha: zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera

kuswa	Chifukwa	Zizindikiro
Compressor kapena A/C fan fuse kuwomberedwa	Kuchuluka kwamphamvu	Choyatsira mpweya chikayatsidwa, kompresa ndi fan samayatsa. Ngati vuto lili mu waya, compressor / fan, ikayendetsedwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku batri, imayamba kugwira ntchito.
	Kuzungulira kwakufupi mu wiring
	Kuthamanga kwa fan kapena clutch
Low refrigerant kuthamanga mu dongosolo	Freon kutayikira chifukwa depressurization dera	Zolakwika zowongolera mpweya pamakompyuta omwe ali pa board. Mapaipi a air conditioner ndi radiator yake yakunja amakhala ndi kutentha pafupi ndi kutentha kozungulira. Ngati pali depressurization chifukwa cha mng'alu m'dera lotayikira, pakhoza kukhala kutayikira kwamafuta ndi chifunga pa chubu.
Kuzizira kofooka kwa condenser (radiator yakunja ya air conditioner)	Condenser yatsekedwa ndi dothi lochokera kunja	Radiyeta ya air conditioner (yomwe nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pafupi ndi radiator ya injini) imasonyeza dothi, masamba ndi zomera zina, ndi zina zotero.
	Fani ya condenser yolephera	Kukupiza pafupi ndi radiator ya mpweya sikuyatsa, ngakhale mutayatsa kutentha kwakukulu (mwachitsanzo, kuyambira +30 mpaka +15) pagalimoto yoyima.
	Ndime zotsekeka za condenser	Rediyeta ya air conditioner imakhala ndi kutentha kosagwirizana ndi kukhudza.
Compressor sikugwirizana	Pulley ya compressor yosweka	Zigawo za air conditioner (machubu, radiator) zimakhala ndi kutentha komweko, phokoso lamtundu wa compressor silimveka. Phokoso zotheka zachitsulo, kugwedeza kuchokera kumbali ya pulley, ngakhale iyo yokha imazungulira.
	Compressor wokhazikika	Lamba yemwe amayendetsa kompresa amayamba kulira ndi kuliza mluzu pamene choziziritsa mpweya chayatsidwa. Compressor pulley imazungulira pomwe nyengo yazimitsidwa, koma imayima ikayatsidwa.
	Compressor clutch yalephera	Pulley ya kompresa imazungulira momasuka pamene injini ikuyenda, koma kompresa yokha siyikuyenda. Mukayesa kuyatsa zowongolera mpweya, simungamve kudina ndi mawu ena olumikizirana ndi clutch.
Kutsekemera kwa chotenthetsera chotenthetsera (mbaula)	Kuthyoka kwa chingwe kapena kusweka kwa kukoka	Palibe chochita ndi kusintha kwa malo olamulira kutentha. Pakutentha kwakunja kwa mpweya, mpweya wozizira umatuluka m'miyendo ya mpweya, mutatha kutentha injini yoyaka mkati imakhala yotentha, kenako yotentha.
	kulephera kwa servo
Kulephera kwa sensor ya A/C	Kuwonongeka kwamakina kwa sensa kapena waya	Masensa olakwika amatha kudziwika ndi matenda apakompyuta ndi njira zina. Zizindikiro zolakwika P0530-P0534, kuwonjezera pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zodziwika kuchokera kwa opanga magalimoto.
Lamba wosweka	Kuvala lamba	Lamba wagalimoto akasweka (nthawi zambiri amakhala wamba pazomata), kompresa simazungulira. Ngati lamba wagalimoto agawidwa ndi alternator, palibe kulipiritsa batire. Pagalimoto yokhala ndi chiwongolero champhamvu, chiwongolero chimakhala cholimba.
	Air conditioning compressor wedge, jenereta kapena chiwongolero chamagetsi	Zizindikiro zofanana ndi zomwe zili pamwambapa komanso kubwerera kwa vuto pambuyo pa kusintha kwa lamba. Ndi kupsinjika kofooka, zimakhala zovuta kuti woyambira ayambitse injini, chingwe chimayamba kulira, ndipo imodzi mwazolumikizira imayima.

Momwe mungadziwire chifukwa chake chowongolera mpweya mgalimoto chikuwomba mpweya wotentha?

Dzichitireni nokha makina owongolera mpweya: kanema

Kuti mudziwe zifukwa zomwe kuwongolera kwanyengo kumawombera mpweya wotentha, pali zolakwika 7 zoyambira za air conditioner.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za makina oziziritsira mpweya, muyenera:

• autoscanner kwa diagnostics kompyuta;
• Tochi ya UV kapena chipangizo chapadera chomwe chimazindikira kutayikira kwa freon;
• zida zautumiki zokhala ndi ma geji okakamiza kuti adziwe kupezeka kwa freon mu dongosolo;
• multimeter;
• wothandizira

Kuyang'ana ma fuse

Choyamba, muyenera kuyang'ana ma fuse omwe amayendetsa nyengo - chithunzi chomwe chili pachikuto cha bokosi la fuse chidzakuthandizani kupeza zoyenera. Ngati fuyusiyo ikuwombera nthawi yomweyo itatha kusinthidwa, izi zimasonyeza kufupi kwa mawaya kapena clutch yotsekedwa kapena compressor.

Kusanthula kwamakompyuta ndi kuwerenga zolakwika

Cholakwika pakuzindikira P0532 mu pulogalamu ya FORScan, dinani kuti mukulitse

Kuti mudziwe chifukwa chake chotenthetsera mpweya chikuwotcha, zolakwika zake mu injini ECU zidzakuthandizani, zomwe zingathe kuwerengedwa ndi scanner ya OBD-II monga Launch kapena ELM-327 ndi mapulogalamu ofanana:

• P0530 - sensa kuthamanga mu refrigerant (freon) dera ndi zolakwika;
• P0531 - kuwerengera molakwika kwa sensor yokakamiza, kutayikira kwa freon ndikotheka;
• P0532 - kupanikizika kochepa pa sensa, kutha kwa freon kapena mavuto ndi mawaya a sensa;
• P0533 - mkulu kuthamanga chizindikiro, zotheka kuwonongeka kwa sensa kapena mawaya ake;
• P0534 - Kutayikira kwafiriji kwapezeka.

Ngati sensa ili yolakwika kapena ikupereka deta yolakwika ku dongosolo, ndiye kuti compressor sidzayamba ndipo mpweya wozizira sudzagwira ntchito, motero, mpweya wotentha wochokera ku injini yoyaka moto udzaperekedwa ku chipinda chokwera.

Sakani zotayikira za freon

Kupeza kuchucha kwa freon pogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation a UV

Kuphulika kwamafuta ndi chifunga cha mapaipi ndi maphatikizidwe awo amathandizira kuti kutayikira kwa freon kukhale komweko, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa firiji, pali mafuta pang'ono pozungulira kuti azipaka compressor.

Kuyeza kuthamanga kwa freon ndikuwonjezeranso dongosolo amafunika unsembe wapadera. Ntchito za akatswiri zimawononga ma ruble 1-5, kutengera zovuta za kukonza, ngati zilipo. Kuti muyese kudziyesa nokha ndikudzazanso firiji, mudzafunika zida zothandizira (pafupifupi ma ruble 5) ndi chitini cha freon (pafupifupi 1000 rubles pa R134A freon).

Ngati palibe kutulutsa kwamafuta komwe kumawoneka kuchokera kuderali, mutha kuyang'ana kutayikira pogwiritsa ntchito tochi ya ultraviolet. Pofuna kufufuza kupsinjika maganizo, cholembera chimawonjezeredwa ku dongosolo, pigment yapadera ya fulorosenti yomwe imawala mu cheza cha ultraviolet. Kuyang'ana tsatanetsatane wa contour (machubu, mfundo) ndi kuwala kwa UV, mutha kuzindikira mawanga owoneka bwino m'dera la depressurization. palinso mitundu ya freon, pomwe pigment imakhalapo nthawi zonse.

Mayeso a Condenser

Wokupizayo sangathe kuziziritsa condenser yotsekedwa ndi zinyalala

Ngati palibe zolakwika ndi kutayikira kwa freon, koma chowongolera mpweya chimayendetsa mpweya wotentha, muyenera kuyang'ana condenser. Nthawi zina mumafunika dzenje kapena kukweza kuti mulowemo, ndipo nthawi zina mumafunika kuchotsa grille ndi / kapena kutsogolo.

Ngati muli ndi mwayi, mutha kumva condenser, yomwe iyenera kutentha mofanana. Koma, mwatsoka, chifukwa cha kuyandikira kwa rediyeta waukulu, wamba tactile diagnostics ndi kovuta kwambiri. Amangotentha kuchokera ku mfundo zina za chipinda cha injini, kotero ndizotheka kuyang'ana radiator moyenera (mwachitsanzo, kutseka) pokhapokha mu utumiki.

Kutsekedwa ndi masamba, fumbi, tizilombo ndi zinyalala zina, condenser iyenera kutsukidwa ndi chotsukira chapadera ndi chotsuka chothamanga kwambiri. izi ziyenera kuchitika mosamala, kuti musapanikize lamellas. Kuti muchite izi, chepetsani kupanikizika ndikuyika sprayer osayandikira 30 cm kuchokera pamwamba.

Kuwona kompresa drive

Kuyang'ana kowoneka kwa lamba woyendetsa ndi kompresa pulley

Yang'anani lamba woyendetsa (nthawi zambiri amatembenuzanso alternator ndi chiwongolero champhamvu) kuti atsimikizire kukhulupirika. Ngati lamba ndi lotayirira kapena losweka, kuwonjezera pa chowongolera mpweya, padzakhala mavuto ndi mfundo zapamwambazi.

Musanasinthe lamba, yang'anani kuzungulira kwa ma pulleys onse. Tembenuzani jenereta, chiwongolero champhamvu, chowongolera mpweya ndi dzanja kuti muwonetsetse kuti chimodzi mwazigawozi sichinapanikizidwe. Kuti muyese kompresa yokha, muyenera kuyika ma volts 12 ku clutch yake mokakamiza kapena kuyesa kuyatsa choyatsira mpweya pamene galimoto ikuyenda pa batire popanda lamba.

Compressor Diagnostics

Ngati diagnostics malinga ndi mfundo za m'mbuyomu sanaulule vuto lililonse, koma choziziritsa mpweya si ozizira, ntchito ngati zimakupiza ndi kuwomba kutentha, fufuzani ngati kompresa ntchito. Funsani wothandizira kuti akhale m'chipinda cha anthu okwera ndipo, polamula, dinani batani la AC, pamene inuyo mutsegula hood ndikumvetsera compressor.

Dzichitireni nokha makina a compressor diagnostics: kanema

Pamene air conditioner yatsegulidwa, compressor iyenera kuyamba kugwira ntchito, izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi kugwirizana kwa clutch ndi khalidwe pompo phokoso. Kuyimba muluzu, phokoso ndi kusasuntha kwa kompresa pulley ndi chizindikiro cha kukhumudwa kwake.

Ngati palibe chomwe chimachitika pamene wothandizira akutsegula mpweya, izi zimasonyeza mavuto ndi galimoto (solenoid, actuator) ya clutch kapena ndi mawaya ake. Multimeter idzakuthandizani kusiyanitsa choyamba ndi chachiwiri. Kuyatsa choyesa kuyeza mwachindunji (DC mpaka 20 V kwa zitsanzo popanda auto-kuzindikira), muyenera kuchotsa chip kuchokera kugwirizana ndi kulumikiza zofufuza ndi mawaya otsogolera (nthawi zambiri pamakhala 2 okha). Ngati, mutatha kuyatsa choziziritsa mpweya, ma volt 12 akuwonekera pa iwo, ndiye kuti vuto liri chogwirira chokhangati palibe magetsi, kutumiza kwake.

Ngati pali zovuta mu waya wa clutch, mutha kuthetsa zosokoneza zina mwa kuyatsa chowongolera mpweya ndikuchilumikiza ku batri (makamaka kudzera pa fuse 10 A). Popanda zolakwa zina kompresa ayenera kuthamanga.

cheke fani

Mukayatsa choyatsira mpweya ndi choyimitsa galimoto, chowotcha radiator chiyenera kuyatsa. Zomwe zimachitika pamene choyatsira mpweya chiyatsidwa, mpweya wotentha umawomba pamalo oimikapo magalimoto ndikuyendetsa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kumakhala kozizira mumsewu waukulu, nthawi zambiri zimawonekera ndendende. chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya wokakamiza. Kuthekera kwa fani ndi mawaya kumafufuzidwa mofanana ndi ma couplings, pogwiritsa ntchito tester ndikulumikiza mwachindunji ku batri.

Kuyang'ana ma dampers a nyengo

Air conditioning damper drive mu Volkswagen Passat

Pamene mpweya wozizira suwomba kuchokera ku mpweya wozizira kupita ku galimoto, ndipo macheke onse am'mbuyomu sanaulule kalikonse, pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa mavuto ndi ntchito ya ma dampers omwe amayendetsa kayendedwe ka mpweya mu nyengo.

Mu zitsanzo zamakono zamakono, palibe valavu ya radiator ya chowotchera chamkati, choncho nthawi zonse imawotcha. Pamene chotenthetsera chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chitofu chizitsekeka, mpweya wofunda umayenda kuchokera kumayendedwe a mpweya kupita m'galimoto pamene choyimitsa chikuyenda.

M'mayendedwe amakono a nyengo, ma dampers ndi owongolera amapangidwa ngati ma servo drives. Diagnostics akhoza kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera, koma kuyang'ana dampers ndi actuators awo, tsankho disassembly wa ducts mpweya, ndipo nthawi zina gulu lakutsogolo la galimoto chofunika.

Kuzindikira ndi kukakamizidwa mu air conditioning system

Ngati muli ndi zida zothandizira kuti muzindikire ma air conditioners agalimoto, mutha kuyang'ana zomwe zimayambitsa mpweya wotentha kuchokera kumayendedwe am'mlengalenga malinga ndi kuwerenga kwa zida. Kuphatikiza kwa zinthu kukuwonetsedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.

Dongosolo lothandizira pakuzindikira kupanikizika mu dongosolo pogwiritsa ntchito ma gauge opanikizika

Diagnostics wa choziziritsa mpweya mu galimoto ndi kuthamanga ndi kutentha mu dongosolo

Kupanikizika mu dera L (kutsika kochepa)	Kuthamanga kwa circuit H (kuthamanga kwakukulu)	Kutentha kwa chubu	Kutha kusweka
Otsika	Otsika	Wotentha	Low Freon
Pamwamba	Pamwamba	Wotentha	Recharge ozizira
Pamwamba	Pamwamba	Zabwino	Recharging kapena airing circuit
Zachibadwa	Zachibadwa	Wotentha	Chinyezi mu dongosolo
Otsika	Otsika	Wotentha	Vavu yowonjezera yomata
			Chitoliro chotsekeka cha condensate
			Kutsekeka kapena kukanikizidwa kothamanga kwambiri H
Pamwamba	Otsika	Wotentha	Compressor kapena valavu yowongolera ilibe vuto

Mafunso ofunsidwa kawirikawiri

• N'chifukwa chiyani mpweya wozizira umatulutsa mpweya wofunda?

  Zoyambitsa zazikulu: kutayikira kwa firiji, kulephera kwa fani ya condenser, damper wedge, compressor kapena clutch kulephera. Kuzindikira mozama kokha kungathandize kudziwa chifukwa chake.

• Kodi nchifukwa ninji choziziritsa mpweya chimawomba mozizira mbali ina ndi yotentha mbali inayo?

  Nthawi zambiri, chizindikiro choterocho chimasonyeza ntchito yolakwika ya dampers ya mpweya wabwino umene umagawa mpweya umayenda.

• Mpweya wozizira umagwira ntchito poyenda, koma mumsewu wochuluka wa magalimoto umayendetsa mpweya wotentha. Chifukwa chiyani?

  Choyatsira mpweya chikawomba kaya kuzizira kapena kutentha, malingana ndi liwiro la kuyenda, vuto nthawi zambiri limakhala mu condenser (radiator ya air conditioner) kapena fan yake. Pa liwiro lotsika komanso poyimitsidwa, sichimachotsa kutentha kwakukulu, koma mofulumira imazizira bwino mpweya, choncho vutolo limatha.

• Kodi nchifukwa ninji choziziritsa mpweya chimayamba kuwotcha masekondi angapo chiyatsidwa?

  Ngati chowongolera mpweya chikuwotcha nthawi yomweyo chitangoyatsa, izi ndizabwinobwino, sichinalowenso mumayendedwe opangira. Koma ngati ndondomekoyi ikupitirira kwa mphindi imodzi, izi zikuwonetsa kupanikizika kochepa m'dera chifukwa cha kusowa kwa freon, ntchito yosagwira bwino ya compressor kapena condenser.

• Mpweya umawotcha - kodi kompresa imatha kutentha kwambiri?

  Ngati palibe firiji yokwanira m'dongosolo, compressor idzatentha kwambiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuvala kwake kumafulumizitsa, kupanikizika komwe kumapangidwa kumachepa pakapita nthawi, ndipo vuto la kusagwira ntchito bwino kwa mpweya wabwino limakula.