Vavu ya PCV kapena momwe mpweya wa crankcase umagwirira ntchito mgalimoto

Ndikosatheka kuthetseratu kusiyana pakati pa pisitoni ndi silinda mu injini yoyaka yamkati chifukwa chakukula kwawo kosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zonse pamakhala chiwopsezo chakukwatiwa, chifukwa chake, kutentha kwa pistoni kumaphatikizidwa mu kapangidwe kake, ndipo kukhumudwa kumalipidwa ndi mphete zotanuka za pistoni. Koma ngakhale iwo sapereka XNUMX peresenti ya chisindikizo motsutsana ndi mpweya wopanikizika.

Pakadali pano, crankcase ndi pafupifupi hermetic, kotero kuchuluka kwa kukakamizidwa mmenemo sikungalephereke, ndipo monga mukudziwa, chodabwitsa ichi ndi osafunika kwambiri.

Chifukwa chiyani magalimoto amafunikira mpweya wabwino wa crankcase?

Kudutsa mipata pakati pa mphete ndi grooves awo mu pistoni, komanso mabala awo, mpweya utsi, wopangidwa ndi utsi particles, unburned mafuta ndi zinthu mumlengalenga, pang`ono kugwa pansi pistoni mu crankcase injini.

Kuphatikiza pa iwo, nthawi zonse pamakhala nkhungu yamafuta mumayendedwe osunthika, omwe amayang'anira kudzoza kwa magawo ndi kuwaza. Kusakanikirana kwa mwaye ndi ma hydrocarbons ena ndi mafuta kumayamba, chifukwa chake chotsiriziracho chimalephera pang'onopang'ono.

Njirayi imachitika nthawi zonse, zotsatira zake zimaganiziridwa pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito injini.

Mafuta amasinthidwa pafupipafupi, ndipo zowonjezera zomwe zimapezeka mmenemo zimasunga bwino ndikusungunula zinthu zosafunikira mpaka zitapangidwa. Koma popanda kutenga njira zina mu injini, makamaka amene agwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, pang'ono wotopa ndi kudutsa mpweya wochuluka kudzera gulu pisitoni, mafuta adzalephera mofulumira kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, kupanikizika kumakwera kwambiri mu crankcase, yomwe imanyamulanso mawonekedwe opumira. Zisindikizo zambiri, makamaka mtundu wa bokosi lodzaza, sizingapirire izi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka, ndipo injiniyo idzadetsedwa mwachangu kunja ndikuphwanya ngakhale zofunikira zachilengedwe.

Njira yotulukira idzakhala mpweya wa crankcase. Mu mawonekedwe ake osavuta, ndi kupuma ndi labyrinth yaing'ono yamafuta, pomwe mpweya umatulutsidwa pang'ono kuchokera ku nkhungu yamafuta, pambuyo pake amatulutsidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa crankcase mumlengalenga. Dongosololi ndi lachikale, siloyenera injini zamakono.

Zofooka zake ndi zizindikiro:

• kupanikizika mu crankcase kumasungidwa pamodzi ndi pulsations, ngakhale kumachepetsedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa mpweya kudzera mu mpweya;
• n'zovuta kukonza kayendetsedwe ka gasi wa crankcase;
• dongosolo silingagwire ntchito moyenera muzosintha zonse ndi katundu;
• kutulutsa mpweya mumlengalenga ndikosavomerezeka chifukwa cha chilengedwe.

VKG system Audi A6 C5 (Passat B5) 50 km mutatha kuyeretsa, kuyang'ana nembanemba mu valavu ya VKG

Mpweya wabwino udzagwira ntchito bwino, kumene gasi amatengedwa mokakamiza, chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mpweyawo umalowa m'masilinda, kumene kumakhala kosavuta kulinganiza kuyaka kwawo ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri mumlengalenga. Koma ngakhale bungwe loterolo ndi lopanda ungwiro chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa kupanikizika mu mlengalenga.

Cholinga cha valavu ya PCV

Popanda ntchito komanso pakuwotcha kwa injini (kukakamiza idling ndi liwiro lowonjezereka), vacuum muzochulukira zomwe amadya ndizokwera kwambiri. Ma pistoni amakonda kukokera mpweya kuchokera pamzere ndi fyuluta, ndipo damper sichiwalola.

Ngati mungolumikiza malowa ndi payipi ku crankcase, ndiye kuti kutuluka kwa mpweya kuchokera kumeneko kudzapitirira malire onse oyenera, ndipo kulekanitsa mafuta ku gasi muzinthu zotere kumakhala kovuta.

Zosiyanazi zidzachitika ponseponse, mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwambiri kapena mphamvu zovoteledwa. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu crankcase ndikokwanira, ndipo kutsika kwamphamvu kumachepetsedwa, komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwa mpweya wa fyuluta ya mpweya. Mpweya wabwino umataya mphamvu yake ndendende pamene ukufunikira kwambiri.

Zosowa zonse zikhoza kusinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera - valavu ya mpweya wa crankcase, yomwe imadziwika ndi zilembo zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri PCV (bowa).

Imatha kusintha mayendedwe a mpweya m'njira zosiyanasiyana, komanso kupewa kubweza kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri kupita ku crankcase.

Chipangizo ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito vavu ya VKG

Valavu imatha kukonzedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, pogwiritsa ntchito ma pistoni odzaza masika (plungers) kapena ma diaphragms (mamembrane) ngati chinthu chogwira. Koma mfundo wamba ntchito zipangizo zonse ndi chimodzimodzi.

Valve ili ndi mgwirizano wosiyana pakati pa mphamvu yake ndi kutsika kwake.

1. Pamene throttle watsekedwa kwathunthu, vacuum ndi pazipita. Valve ya PCV imayankha potsegula pang'ono, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti mpweya wochepa umayenda mwa iyo. Popanda ntchito, palibenso chofunikira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, olekanitsa mafuta a mpweya wabwino amalimbana bwino ndi ntchito zake, mafuta samalowa m'gulu la osonkhanitsa, ndipo palibe kuwononga zinyalala.
2. M'mikhalidwe yapakatikati yokhala ndi phokoso lotseguka pang'ono, vacuum imatsika, ndipo ntchito ya valve idzawonjezeka. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa gasi wa crankcase kumawonjezeka.
3. Pamphamvu kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, vacuum imakhala yochepa, chifukwa palibe kusokoneza mpweya womwe ukubwera. Dongosolo la mpweya wabwino liyenera kuwonetsa mphamvu zake mpaka kufika pamtunda, ndipo valavu imatsimikizira izi potsegula kwathunthu komanso osasokoneza kutulutsa mpweya kupitirira phokoso lotseguka.
4. Kuwotcha kumatha kuchitika mosiyanasiyana, komwe kumakhala kowopsa pamagesi oyaka moto. Koma valavu silola kuti moto ulowe mu mpweya wabwino, kugunda nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha kutsika kwapakati.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mapangidwe a valve ndi ophweka kwambiri ndipo alibe kanthu koma kasupe ndipo amayambira ndi plungers kapena nembanemba mu pulasitiki.

Zizindikiro za PCV yokhazikika

Pakalephera, valavu imatha kupanikizana pamalo aliwonse, pambuyo pake injiniyo sichitha kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi munjira zina zonse.

Payokha, mpweya wabwino sudzakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito, umakhudza zovuta zanthawi yayitali, kuvala kwamafuta ndi zisindikizo za crankcase zowombedwa. Koma mpweya wodutsa mu mpweya wabwino, motero kupyolera mu valavu, umaganiziridwa kale pamakonzedwe a kayendetsedwe ka injini. Choncho mavuto ndi zikuchokera osakaniza, ndi zina modes.

Chosakanizacho chikhoza kupindula pamene valavu imatsekedwa nthawi zonse, kapena kutha ngati ikanidwa poyera. Pakusakaniza kowonda, injini imayamba moyipitsitsa ndipo sapereka mphamvu yanthawi zonse.

Kulemera kumadzetsa mavuto pakugwiritsa ntchito mafuta komanso kusungitsa magawo a injini. N'zotheka kuti njira yodzizindikiritsa yokha idzayambitsa ndi maonekedwe a zolakwika pakupanga kusakaniza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma sensor a oxygen.

Momwe mungayang'anire valavu ya PKV

Njira yosavuta yowonera valavu ndikuyisintha ndi yodziwika bwino. Koma m'kati ntchito pa diagnostics injini ndi chojambulira cholumikizidwa, kungakhale mofulumira kuwunika mkhalidwe wake ndi kusintha malo a chopanda ntchito liwiro Mtsogoleri stepper galimoto.

Payenera kukhala kusiyana pafupifupi 10% pakati pa njira zopumira zotayirira, mwachitsanzo, palibe valavu, yokhala ndi valavu mugawo la gasi, ndikutseka mpweya wabwino.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti valavu yomwe imagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri imagawaniza mpweya wosagwira ntchito pafupifupi theka, ndikupereka mpweya wothamanga pakati pa mpweya wotsekedwa ndi wotseguka.

Kusintha kwa VKG system Audi A6 C5 pakukonzanso

Kuthandizira valavu ya crankcase ventilation

Kutalikitsa moyo kumathandizira kuyeretsa nthawi ndi nthawi, komwe kumatha kuchitika pakusintha kwamafuta atatu aliwonse. Valavu imachotsedwa ndikutsukidwa bwino mbali zonse ndi aerosol carburetor cleaner.

Mapeto a ndondomeko yotsuka ndi kutulutsa madzi oyera m'nyumba. Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyo, valavu iyenera kufufuzidwa chifukwa ikhoza kuonongeka kale, ndipo kuthamangitsidwa kumachotsa gawo losindikiza la madipoziti.