Carbin - carbon-dimensional carbon

Monga momwe magazini ya Nature Materials inafotokozera mu October 2016, asayansi ochokera ku Faculty of Physics ku yunivesite ya Vienna adatha kupeza njira yopangira carbine yokhazikika, i.e. Mpweya wamtundu umodzi, womwe umatengedwa kuti ndi wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa graphene (awiri-dimensional carbon).

Imawonedwabe ngati chiyembekezo chachikulu komanso chizindikiro cha kusintha kwa zinthu zakuthupi, ngakhale zisanakhale zenizeni muukadaulo, graphene ikhoza kuchotsedwa kale pampando ndi msuweni wake wokhala ndi mpweya - Carbin. Mawerengedwe akuwonetsa kuti kulimba kwa carbyne ndikokwera kawiri kuposa kwa graphene, pomwe kulimba kwake kumakhalabe kuwirikiza katatu kuposa diamondi. Carbyne ndi (mwachidziwitso) yokhazikika kutentha kwa firiji, ndipo pamene zingwe zake zimasungidwa palimodzi, zimadutsana m'njira yodziwikiratu.

Uwu ndi mtundu wa allotropic wa kaboni wokhala ndi polyalkyne (C≡C)n kapangidwe kake, momwe ma atomu amapanga maunyolo aatali okhala ndi ma bondi amodzi kapena atatu kapena ophatikizana awiri. Dongosolo lotereli limatchedwa kuti mawonekedwe a mbali imodzi (1D) chifukwa palibenso china chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi ulusi wokhuthala wa atomu imodzi. Mapangidwe a graphene amakhalabe awiri-dimensional, chifukwa ndiatali komanso aatali, koma pepalalo ndi atomu imodzi yokha. Kafukufuku yemwe wachitika mpaka pano akuwonetsa kuti mtundu wamphamvu kwambiri wa carabiner udzakhala ndi ulusi uwiri wolumikizana wina ndi mnzake (1).

Mpaka posachedwa, zochepa zomwe zinkadziwika za carbine. Akatswiri a zakuthambo amati chinayamba kudziwika mu meteorite ndi fumbi la interstellar.

Mingji Liu ndi gulu la Rice University awerengera zomwe zanenedwapo za carbine, zomwe zingathandize pakufufuza mozama. Ofufuzawo adapereka kuwunika komwe kumatengera kuyesa kulimba kwamphamvu, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, komanso kusinthika kwa torsional. Iwo anawerengera kuti mphamvu yeniyeni ya carbyne (i.e. mphamvu ya kulemera kwa chiŵerengero) ili pamlingo womwe sunachitikepo (6,0-7,5 × 107 N∙m / kg) poyerekeza ndi graphene (4,7-5,5. 107 × 4,3 N∙m / kg), carbon nanotubes (5,0-107 × 2,5 N∙m/kg) ndi diamondi (6,5-107 × 10 N∙m/kg). Kuphwanya chomangira chimodzi mu unyolo wa ma atomu kumafuna mphamvu pafupifupi 14 nN. Kutalika kwa unyolo kutentha kwa chipinda ndi pafupifupi XNUMX nm.

Powonjezera gulu logwira ntchito CH2 mapeto a unyolo wa carbine akhoza kupindika ngati chingwe cha DNA. Mwa "kukongoletsa" maunyolo a carabiner ndi mamolekyu osiyanasiyana, katundu wina akhoza kusinthidwa. Kuphatikiza kwa maatomu ena a kashiamu omwe amalumikizana ndi maatomu a haidrojeni kumapangitsa kuti siponji yosungiramo haidrojeni ikhale yochuluka kwambiri.

Chinthu chochititsa chidwi cha zinthu zatsopano ndikutha kupanga zomangira ndi maunyolo am'mbali. Njira yopangira ndi kuswa maubwenziwa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusunga ndi kumasula mphamvu. Choncho, carabiner ikhoza kukhala yosungiramo mphamvu kwambiri yosungiramo mphamvu, popeza mamolekyu ake ndi atomu imodzi m'mimba mwake, ndipo mphamvu ya zinthuyo imatanthauza kuti zidzatheka kupanga mobwerezabwereza ndikuphwanya maubwenzi popanda chiopsezo chosweka. molekyulu yokha imasweka.

Chilichonse chimasonyeza kuti kutambasula kapena kupotoza carabiner kumasintha mphamvu zake zamagetsi. Theorists adaperekanso kuyika "zogwira" zapadera kumapeto kwa molekyulu, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti musinthe mofulumira komanso mosavuta kusintha kwa ma conductivity kapena gulu la carbyne.

2. Unyolo wa ma carabiners mkati mwa kapangidwe ka graphene

Tsoka ilo, zonse zodziwika komanso zomwe sizinapezeke za carbine zidzangokhala chiphunzitso chokongola ngati sitingathe kupanga zinthuzo motsika mtengo komanso mochuluka. Ma laboratories ena ofufuza adanenanso kuti akukonzekera carbine, koma zinthuzo zakhala zosakhazikika. Akatswiri ena a zamankhwala amakhulupiriranso kuti ngati tigwirizanitsa zingwe ziwiri za carabiner, padzakhala kuphulika. Mu April chaka chino, panali malipoti okhudza chitukuko cha carabiner yokhazikika mwa mawonekedwe a ulusi mkati mwa "makoma" a graphene (2).

Mwina njira ya yunivesite ya Vienna yomwe yatchulidwa poyamba ndi yopambana. Tiyenera kudziwa posachedwa.